HUMMINGBIRD PUBLICATIONS & RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
PROCEEDINGS/ABSTRACTS OF THE ACADEMIC CONFERENCE ON 21ST CENTURY CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES: MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH VOL. 15 23RD TO 24TH MARCH, 2017 –UNIVERSITY DE PUBLICA DE SAO TOME E PRINCIPE (PUBLIC UNIVERSITY OF SAO TOME AND PRINCIPLE)
PAPERS:
AN APPRAISAL OF THE COMUNICATION STRATEGIES OF THE MILLENIIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN COMBATING HIV/AIDS IN JALINGO METROPOLIS
TORDUE SIMON TARGEMA AND HEBREWS ISAAC WUBON
Department of Mass Communication, Taraba State University, PMB 1167, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria
11
Abstract
This study appraises the communication strategies of the MDGs for combating HIV/AIDS within Jalingo metropolis. It explores the various channels of communication employed by the agency to control the spread of the disease within Jalingo metropolis with the intention to ascertain the most preferred or most effective channels of communication for achieving behavior change towards preventing HIV/AIDS. Anchored on McGuire’s Information Processing Theory, the study employs survey approach to administer questionnaire on 150 people, randomly selected within Jalingo metropolis. Residents of same who comprises the population for the study are about 118,000. The study discovers that radio campaign/messages, TV campaign /messages, Newspaper/Magazine reports/messages, use of community leaders, peer educators, use of posters and fliers, and conferences/seminars are some of the communication tools used by MDGs to create awareness on HIV/AIDS within Jalingo metropolis. Awareness/knowledge on HIV/AIDS as well as risky behaviours that help in spreading the disease is high among the residents, which implies that the communication tools are effective in achieving the desired purpose. Since awareness about the epidemic has been effectively created within the study area, the study recommends a shift from awareness creation to behavior change campaign which will help to crusade against the risky behaviours that can transmit the disease. There is also the need to extend the study to the rural areas so as to ascertain the overall impact of the communication strategies of the MDGs initiative in combating HIV/AIDS.
Keywords: Appraisal, Communication strategies, MDGs, HIV/AIDS, Jalingo metropolis.
ADAPTATION OF COURSE MATERIALS USED IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF ENGLISH IN NIGERIA FOR MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN AFRICA
IDRIS HASSAN IYA AND ZARA’U SIDI UMAR
Adamu Augie College of Education, Argungu, Kebbi State, Nigeria
12
Abstract
English language is an official language in Nigeria and some African countries. It is the language of commerce and industries, the language of science and technology and the language of communication among the different ethnic groups in Nigeria. As such there is need for a good understanding of the language in Nigeria for development in science and technology, commerce and industries and interaction for mutual understanding among different ethnic groups in Nigerian. This paper aimed at enlightening the teachers of English language in Nigeria’s schools and colleges on ways in which the existing materials used in teaching and learning of English in Nigeria can be adapted to suit the needs of the learners for better understanding and usage of the language.
OPTIMIZATION OF A DEHYDRATION UNIT OF AN LNG PLANT
- M. UMOH, PHD AND D. E. EDEM
Petroleum and Natural Gas Processing Department, Petroleum Training Institute, Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria
13
ABSTRACT
Liquefied natural gas or LNG is natural gas that has been converted into liquid form for ease of transportation and storage. Liquefaction process involves separating the raw natural gas from any associated water and high boiling hydrocarbon liquids. The major challenge encountered in the liquefaction plant is that of hydrates formation by the reaction of water (H2O) with some materials such as methane (CH4). In this work, the dehydration unit of a typical LNG Plant was modeled using ASPEN HYSYS to aid in curbing the possibilities of hydrate formation. In this regard, a chemical solvent (Triethylene Glycol-TEG) was used to remove water from the gas stream instead of molecular sieves. The choice of this solvent for the simulation process was due to the capability of the solvent to selectively absorb moisture content effectively. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of the solvent with molecular sieves used in Bonny Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas (NLNG) was also carried out. The initial composition of water in the natural gas stream before the simulation was 0.0588% by mole. At the end of the process simulation, the composition of water was reduced to 0.001% by mole. Also, there was a sharp increase in the percentage composition of methane. An increase in the circulation rate and temperature of the absorber and regenerator columns contribute to efficient water pickup. The equipment costing was found to be $239,958 while the energy consumption was 0.064$/kwh. Thus, this work has provided a frame work for the simulation of the Dehydration Unit of an LNG Plant using ASPEN HYSYS software.
Keywords: Liquefied Natural Gas, Dehydration, Aspen Hysys, Process Simulation, Triethlene Glycol.
APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING:
A REVIEW
BARKA M.A1, OWOLABI.R.T2
1Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, P.M.B, 35. Adamawa State 2Government Technical College, Karkarna. P.M.B 7087, Dutse. Jigawa State
14
ABSTRACT
Nanotechnology is an emerging field that covers a wide range of technologies which are presently under development in nanoscale. It plays a major role in the development of innovative methods to produce new products, to substitute existing production equipment and to reformulate new materials and chemicals with improved performance resulting in less consumption of energy and materials and reduced harm to the environment as well as environmental remediation. Although, reduced consumption of energy and materials benefits the environment, nanotechnology will give possibilities to remediate problems associated with the existing processes in a more sustainable way. Environmental applications of nanotechnology address the development of solutions to the existing environmental problems, preventive measures for future problems resulting from the interactions of energy and materials with the environment, and any possible risks that may be posed by nanotechnology itself. This paper gives a review on environmental remediation by nanotechnology. Various environmental treatments and remediation using different types of nano-structured material from air, contaminated waste water, ground water, surface and soil are discussed. Categories of nano participles studied include those which are based on titanium dioxide, iron, bimetallic, nanotubes, dentrimer, and nanosponges, magnetic and nanomembrane.
Keywords: environment, application, bimetallic, nanotechnology, materials.
MEAT PRODUCTION AND SOLID WASTE GENERATED IN ABATTOIR
NASIRU ABUBAKAR
Civil Engineering Department, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Adamawa State.
15
ABSTRACT
Abattoir waste is generated almost daily in most cities of the world, the solid waste generated is of great concern due to the abattoir operations, the data on ruminants animals slaughtered in the abattoir was analyzed using statistical methods and the solid waste generated was characterize and categorized, also the meat produced in the abattoir was estimated and compared to the national beef demand. The results show that on average, about 59 cattle, 49 sheep and 80 goats were slaughtered daily at the Gombe abattoir, leading to an annual production of 2,697 tons of beef, 270.47 tons of mutton and 380.12 tons of chevon. The ruminants slaughtered daily lead to the generation of about 0.84 ton of blood, 0.63 ton of gut contents, 0.48 ton of waste tissues and 0.96 tons of bone. This volume of waste produced in Gombe abattoir when properly managed will actually in addition to reducing the sanitation, environmental and health challenges around the abattoir, and it will also produce other beneficial benefits to the environment and humanity.
Keywords: Abattoir, Ruminant, Waste, Sanitation, Environment
EFFECTS OF NUTRITION EDUCATION ON NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE & DIETARY PRACTICE OF WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS IN BAUCHI – STATE, NIGERIA.
ADEBUSOYE .S. MICHAEL1, and EMMANUEL .O. SAMUEL2
1, The Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Department Of Nutrition & Dietetics, Bauchi -State. 2, The Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Department Of Food Science & Technology, Bauchi -State.
16
ABSTRACT
HIV/AIDS, being one of the pressing public health problems in Nigeria. Its impact on the economic front is important as it affects mainly the young, who are in the reproductive age group. The study was aimed to assess the effect of nutrition education on nutritional knowledge, attitude & dietary practice of women living with HIV/AIDS in Bauchi – State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design in which multi-stage sampling technique was applied to select participants and questionnaires were used to elicit responses from three hundred and eighty –eight (388) respondents within the study area .The statistical analysis was done using frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation and paired -sample t-test were used to provide interaction among the variables and McNemar’s test was applied to analyse two dependent categorical variables using SPSS version (16.0) software. Majority of respondents 26.5% aged between 18 and 25 years. Few of them 15.6% were 26-30 years and 36-40 year old were 17.3%. 16.9% had no formal education and 8.3% had Islamiya education. Many of the respondents 104(50.0%) were normal (18.5-24.9) at endline compared to only 36(17.3%) at baseline.. The percentage of the malnourished (underweight, overweight, obese I, obese II and morbid obesity) was higher at baseline (82.7%) than endline (50.0%)..However, 114(54.8%) at endline and 59 (28.4%) as baseline were category of good knowledge status.There were 14 out of 20 knowledge items which showed a significant increment in correct response during the endline assessment (p<0.05). A more positive attitude was indicated. The study shows that respondents were able to abide by the instruction, going by high level of knowledge and positive attitude, and appreciable level of compliance to dietary practices. Follow up action should be explored to ensure that KAP gained by WLWHA are transformed into good dietary practices.
Keywords: Attitude, Dietary practice, HIV, Knowledge, Nutrition education, Women
ASSESSMENT OF THE PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN FINANCING AGRICULTURE: A CASE STUDY OF UNITY BANK PLC. IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA.
SAMBO, A.S. AND LA’AH, D.
Department of Agricultural Extension and Management, Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic Zaria, Samaru-Kataf Campus.
17
ABSTRACT
The study analyzed the performance of commercial banks in financing agriculture in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used for this study. Unity Bank Plc. was purposively selected because of its agricultural lending programme called Unity Greens. Ten branches of the bank located within Kaduna State were randomly selected using simple random sampling. Seven loan beneficiaries were randomly selected from each branch to give a total of 70 respondents for the study. Both primary and secondary data were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, z-test of significance and Cobb-Douglass regression model. Result of the socio-economic characteristics of the beneficiaries revealed that mean age of the beneficiaries was 42 years, majority (75%) of them were male 50% had secondary school education and their average years of farming experience was 14years. Results comparing other sectors financing and agricultural financing revealed a statistically significant (p≤0.05) difference between the two at both one-tailed and two-tailed tests. Furthermore, results of comparison between amounts applied for by the farmers and amounts disbursed by the bank also revealed a statistical (p≤0.05) difference between the two at both one-tailed and two-tailed tests. Results of relationship between loan repayment and socio-economic features of the beneficiaries shows a significant positive relationship between loan repayment and age of beneficiaries and their production yield at p≤0.01 and p≤0.05 respectively. Results further revealed that mean cost of loan procurement was 29, 899NGN. The study thus concludes that the bank made a fairly good attempt to meet the financial demands of farmers in the study area. It recommends that since a high proportion of the loan beneficiaries were disbursed loans short of the amounts they applied for, mostly as a result of insufficient collateral, the bank may look into this with a view to reviewing its collateral requirements for agricultural lending in order to enable the farmers procure the actual amount of loan they require.
Keywords: Assessment, commercial banks, loans, agriculture.
TRANSFORMATION IN SCIENCE: THE RELEVANCE OFASSESSMENT IN SCIENCE EDUCATION.
ERINFOLAMI, LYDIA O.O.
Department Integrated Science, Federal College Of Education, P.M.B 1041, Zaria
18
ABSTRACT
Transformation is a process that orients an institution or organisation in a new direction or line of action that aims at improving the institution. In the history of science transformation is a practice that could be traced back to the days of the Russians precisely in the year 1957 when the first satellite was launched into the space called the SPUTNIK 1 change in education are predicated on the dynamic nature of human development. On the basis of this education sector, particularly that of Nigeria will continue to witness transformation within sub-sahara African content. Assessment in science education is a necessary ingredient for the success or otherwise of any educational development, as it is referred to as the necessary tools for transformation and improvement in our science education programme. Therefore this study outline the relevance(s) of Assessment of Science education in Nigeria and outline recommendations for the realisation of the tool, such as the development and interpretation of assessment designed both internal and external for monitoring the educational system in Nigeria should comprise an active participation of teachers at each level of science education.
Keywords: Transformation, Assessment, Science Education
POTENTIAL ZIKA VIRUS VECTORS OF KAUGAMA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA
AHMED, U.A
Department of Biological Science, Sule Lamido University, Kafin Hausa, Jigawa State, Nigeria
19
ABSTRACT
The Zika virus strain responsible for the outbreak in Brazil has been detected in Africa for the first time. This information will help African countries to re-evaluate their level of risk and adopt increase their levels of preparedness. These should include the study of potential vectors responsible for the disease. Identification of potential Zika virus vectors in Kaugama revealed the presence of five species of Aedes mosquito, Aedes furcifer 109 (19.46%), A. aegypti 92 (16.43%), A. africanus 132 (23.57%), A. albopictus 112 (20.00%) and A. taylori 115 (20.54%). Aedes africanus was the most abundant species encountered. Analysis of species abundance showed no significant difference (p>0.05). The abundance of the vectors was suggested to be due to large number of breeding places in the study area and probably improper mosquito control. Detection of Zika virus from the collected vectors is of great importance, serological detection of specific antibodies against Zika virus from the inhabitants is valuable tool to prove them as vectors and it is good to eradicate the potential vectors from the area.
Keywords: Kaugama, Potential, Species, Vectors, Zika virus
ACHIEVING MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS THROUGH NATIONAL POVERTY ERADICATION PROGRAMMES (NAPEP): AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
*LAWAL, EJALONIBU E. & **OLATUNJI, A.G.
*Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, Federal University Lokoja **Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ilorin
20
Abstract
For some decades now, issues relating to development have been in the front burner of discourse among politicians, academia and intellectuals globally. In a bid to enhance global development, the United Nations in the year 2000 came up with some fundamental development goals set for all members states to achieve by the year 2015. In a bid to achieve these goals, the Nigerian government has initiated series of empowerment oriented policies, one of such is NAPEP. Now its over fifteen years since the establishment of both MDGs and NAPEP, researchers have expended lot of efforts in assessing the functionality and vibrancy of these policies but it is disturbing that many of these researches have failed to assess the technical connection between and among the implementation of these policies. In this regard, this study is an attempt to empirically assess the extent at which implementation of NAPEP has assisted the country in achieving the MDGs. Using survey method, the study found out that NAPEP as a programme could be used to attain the MDGs and recommended that the policy should be strengthened in order to assist the country in meeting the MDGs.
Keywords: Development, Economic emancipation, Empowerment, MDGs, poverty.