TIMBOU-AFRICAN ACADEMIC INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH AND ANTHROPOLOGY (TIJSSRA)
VOL. 6 (6) AUGUST, 2021 EDITIONS. ISSN: 2977-5745
Published by:
TIMBOU-AFRICAN ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS,
Centre for African Development Studies,
Federal Ministry of Education, Abuja, FCT-Nigeria.
IMPACTS OF MEDIA EXPOSURE ON CHILDREN’S COGNITION AND ATTITUDE FORMATION
AWOFADEJU, PETER OLAYINKA, Ph.D
Department of Mass Communication, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Osun State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The key aim of this paper was to examine the influence media exposure could have on the cognitive development and attitude formation of children. This research was carried out in St. Francis Primary School, Isale-Aro, Osogbo and Ministry of Education, Osun State Secretariat, Abere, Osogbo, Osun State, in South-Western Nigeria. A sample size of 75 staff members of the afore-mentioned organizations was drawn from the study population. The data collection and analysis were done through survey method. Findings reveal that children’s exposure to various media platforms could have dichotomous impacts. On the one hand, it is capable of aiding positive learning and improving academic performance. On the other hand, such media exposure could be a source of negative learning, inadvertently contributing to a decline in academic performance.
Keywords: Cognitive development, Socialization, Attitude formation, Mass Media, Children, Education
COMPREHENSION AND PRACTICE OF MATERNAL HEALTH MESSAGES AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN IKENNE, OGUN STATE
AKINTAYO, BABAFEMI J., EKEH, CHARLES M., & HUNDER EGULOR
Department of Mass Communication, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State
ABSTRACT
Maternal death has been a crippling subject for many nations of the world including Nigeria. To mitigate the risk of continued loss of lives of mothers and babies, maternal health messages are packaged and disseminated over the radio and other media by health professional and communication experts on regular basis. It is one thing to disseminate these vital messages and another for those concerned to comprehend them and take actions were necessary. This study therefore examined pregnant women’s comprehension and practice of maternal health messages in Ikenne Ogun state. The study utilized descriptive survey approach; multistage sampling technique was adopted in reaching 150 pregnant women (30 from each centre) who attend antenatal clinical sessions in the five primary healthcare centres situated in Ikenne LGA using a validated questionnaire administered by researchers during routine antenatal checks. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that pregnant women’s comprehension of maternal health messages was high although with so much to be improved upon. In the same vein, practice of health messages was found to be high in some, yet low in other areas. It was recommended that more efforts should be directed towards enabling pregnant women in Ikenne and elsewhere comprehend and practice health messages better than they do presently.
Keywords: Comprehension of health messages, practice of health messages, pregnant women, health messages, maternal health messages
CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE IN NIGERIA: AWARENESS AND PERCEPTION OF MEDIA COVERAGE AMONG BABCOCK UNIVERSITY FACULTY
PATRICIA E. ERNEST-ONUIRI PHD; & ANTHONY C. ADONU
Department of Mass Communication, Veronica Adeleke School of Social Sciences (VASSS), Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun state.
ABSTRACT
Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is a social issue that have been on the raise in Nigeria. This barbaric act is often perpetrated by individuals of close relations to the victim. The manner in which mass media present their coverage of issues in society set public agenda as well as inform discourse and perceptions among citizenry. Anchored on the Agenda-Setting theory, this study sought to determine the awareness and perception of media coverage of CSA among Babcock University faculty. Using quantitative research design, 196 BU faculty were sampled from the nine Schools, while the available non-probability sampling techniques were adopted in the administration of a validated and pre-tested questionnaire. The study found that the majority of respondents gain awareness of CSA from social media (x̅=4.32), prominent subject of media coverage of CSA in Nigeria are: behavioral effects, advocacy, stereotypes, health implications and abuse within family (x̅=3.58). BU faculty (54.5%) perceive media coverage of CSA in Nigeria to be inadequate. There is a need for the media to adopt a holistic approach of: presenting conclusive coverage of CSA cases, balanced coverage of CSA involving both male and female victims, intensify advocacy of CSA especially by conventional media – radio, television, and newspaper.
Keywords: Child sexual abuse, CSA, Media coverage, Awareness, Perception, BU faculty
GENDER DISPARITY AND CAREER SUCCESS OF FEMALE NEWSPAPER JOURNALISTS IN LAGOS AND ABUJA
OGUNWEMIMO, OLUWAFISAYO O. (PhD); & IBANGA, VICTORIA
Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State
ABSTRACT
Despite a high number of women’s involvement in journalism, gender disparity in the profession seems to persist and some obstacles continue to inhibit their career success. Top positions in newspaper organisations are being dominated by men who enjoy regular promotions and professional recognition compared to female journalists. This study investigated the prevalence of gender disparity and the extent to which it influences the career success of newspaper female journalists. It used the Human Capital theory and the Muted Group theory. The study was conducted using the convergent parallel mixed-method research design. The population of the study was 205 newspaper female journalists from 41 registered national newspapers in Lagos and Abuja. A sample size of 205 was determined using total enumeration. The results revealed a high prevalence of gender disparity in newspaper organizations (x̅= 3.43). It also indicated that gender disparity in newspaper organizations had a negative significant influence on the career success of female newspaper journalists (R2= 0.040, β= -0.199, t = – 896, p≤ 0.05). The study concluded that gender disparity was prevalent in newspaper organisations in Lagos and Abuja with extent of career success of female journalists in Lagos and Abuja being low. It recommended that Newspaper organisations should make a conscious effort to key into the ideals of gender mainstreaming by implementing mainstreaming policies to advance the career success of female newspaper journalists.
Keyword: Career success Gender disparity Female journalists Newspaper Job satisfaction
CONTEXTUALIZING THE LAW AND DEVELOPMENT DISCOURSE IN THE NIGERIAN POLITY: A LEGAL -PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS
OKOLI, HILARY CHUKWUDURUO Ph.D.
Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Arts, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka- Anambra State
ABSTRACT
This article undertakes the tasks: contextualizing the law and development discourse in the Nigeria polity: a legal-philosophical analysis. It begins by presenting the search for the relationship between law and socio-economic progress principally with reference to the local context and circumstance among law, institution and the existing political and economic conditions that are incoherent with the requirements for an effective and a balanced framework. It presents an in-depth legal-philosophical analysis as the method on how regulatory design contextualized in Nigeria polity served as an overarching principle for a pragmatic monitoring control approach. It articulates a clear understanding of law and development by expounding the prominence of an adequate application of law in economy and society by enunciating the significant legal concepts that supports liberty as the basis of wealth creation and growth. A major concern to determine this, is by situating law as integrity as the key to responsibility, rights and political morality. This discourse is a demonstration of a guiding framework that represents a functional institution with a resilient state capacity and political will, which sustains the providence of law and development deliverables. Law and development investigation is a significant source of knowledge for the implementation of national development policies and the implementation of international development projects. In order to encourage native perspective and contextual research which feed this body of research, funds should be devoted and more interventions and initiatives in this direction.
IMPACT OF CORPORATE ATTRIBUTES ON THE TIMELINESS OF FINANCIAL REPORTING OF LISTED FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN NIGERIA
SANI S.
Department of Accounting, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State
ABSTRACT
Financial report constitute essential ingredient for making informed decisions, thus, firms will have to provide the needed information as at when due towards ensuring timely financial reporting. The study examined impact of corporate attribute on timeliness of financial reporting of listed financial institutions in Nigeria. Firm age and Profitability are the corporate attributes studied. The study spanned for duration of 5 years starting from 2014 to 2018. A sample of 47 financial institutions listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange was drawn from the total of 57 financial intuitions, giving a total of 235 observations. Secondary data were utilized in the study. The Hausman specification test conducted suggested the interpretation of the random effect regression. The random effect regression showed that, firm age is positively and significantly impacting on timeliness of financial reporting while profitability is negatively and significantly impacting on the timeliness of financial reporting of listed financial institutions in Nigeria. The study recommended engagements in activities that are capable of increasing its profitability status so as to ensure timely financial reporting.
Keywords: Timeliness of financial reporting, Firm Age and Profitability
THE ROLE OF COMMUNICATION IN CONFLICT PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT: A STUDY OF JOS IN PLATEAU STATE.
1HAMMANJODA, I. AND 2SHUAIBU, M.
1Department of International Relations and Strategic Studies Adamawa State Polytechnic, Yola- Adamawa State, Nigeria 2Department of Public Administration Adamawa state polytechnic, Yola Adamawa state, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Conflict is an inevitable part of human life; it has for long been with human being as behaviour from time immemorial and is found at every level of human interaction. This paper examines the role of communication in conflict prevention and management in Jos Plateau state. This paper argues that the communication among parties in conflict are viewed as a source of power that influence, control and promote new standards in the society and reinforce the existing ones. Media/ communication are thus, the principal agents for societal development, democracy and good governance and a crucial element in areas of conflict. It opines that the media and the general public must therefore rise to the challenge of combating rising insecurity in the nation by embarking on communication–based approaches.
Key words: Conflict, Communication, Conflict prevention, Conflict management, Culture.
A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF A TEXT PLAY
SHABA IBRAHIM BAKE; YAHAYA MOHAMMED; ABDULMAROOF MUHAMMAD; AND NDAGANA ADAMU ALHAJI
Department of Languages, Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru
ABSTRACT
The paper examines the various semiotic signs used in the play Parity State by adopting Sander Pierce’s (1931) concept of semiotics. This research is significant because it will fill the existing vacuum in both semiotic and linguistic studies. Our findings revealed that the indexical sign is predominantly used in the play corroborating the fact that the play is strongly an effort to make reference to the life in the prison. Besides, the typology of signs _ icons, indices and symbols deployed in the play point to the semiosphere of the prisoners’ life which relates to parity, equality, and solidarity needed for the seemingly free outside world to attain meaningful social, political and economic progress. The paper concludes that without understanding the symbols, icons and indices including the representamen, object and the interpretant used in/of the text the audience will not grasp the significations of the play.
Keywords: indexical sign, symbols, icons, signs, signifier, signified, representamen, object and interpretant and the motif of the playwright as a clarion call for the outside world to embrace parity in order to progress socio-economically and politically.
EFFECTS OF USING INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF ARABIC STUDIES IN SELECTED JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN IBARAPA ZONE
SURAKAT, RAFIU OLANIYI
Department of Arabic Studies, School of Secondary Education (Language Programmes), Oyo State College of Education, Lanlate.
ABSTRACT
This paper examines the essence of the instructional materials in the effective teaching and learning of Arabic Studies at the junior secondary level in Ibarapa zone of Oyo state. Five research questions were provided and answered. The research adopted questionnaire approach, using random sampling method as an instrument for selecting five Junior Secondary Schools and twenty students each of the selected schools. Data gathered were analysed using simple percentage and tables. The findings indicated that most Arabic Studies’ teachers in the zone were reluctant to implement the use of the instructional materials during the teaching and learning of Arabic Studies. Students were not all exposed to the use of instructional aids which led to the ineffective learning as well as their passive contribution in the classrooms during the lesson. It is recommended that the stakeholders in educational sector should rise up and take steps that could facilitate better teaching and learning of Arabic Studies. Governments at all levels should provide enough funds for procurement of materials needed in the schools. The schools inspectors should be mandated to carry out constant inspections to ensure that relevant materials were used in teaching. Teachers of Arabic Studies should shun their non-challant attitudes towards their chosen career and put their best to educational development, because, the subject is most dreaded one due to its nature.
Keywords: Arabic Studies, Instructional Materials, Learning, Teaching, Junior Secondary Schools.
EVOLUTION DE L’EMPLOI DE L’INNOVATION LEXICALE DANS QUELQUES ROMANS D’AHMADOU KOUROUMA
SANOUSSI A.
ABSTRACT
Dans cet article nous avons examiné l’évolution de l’emploi des signes malinkés (mots malinkés et des expressions traduites en français) des Soleils des indépendances à Monnè, outrages et défis d’Ahmadou Kourouma et son impact sur la compréhension du message des deux romans. La théorie sémiotique a été utilisée. Comme méthode, nous avons adopté l’analyse textuelle et fait l’inventaire, le calcul de la moyenne, du pourcentage de l’emploi de ces signes et la comparaison des données obtenues. Comme résultats, il a été établi que l’emploi des signes malinkés est plus nombreux dans Monnè, outrages et défis que dans Les soleils des indépendances ainsi que l’emploi des parenthèses et commentaires explicatifs. Par ailleurs, l’emploi des signes malinkés n’est pas systématiquement suivi de parenthèses ou de commentaires explicatifs dans Les soleils des indépendances tandis que dans Monnè, outrages et défis, ce n’est pas le cas. De même, dans Les soleils des indépendances, certains commentaires explicatifs ne sont pas suivis des explications claires. Enfin, l’emploi des parenthèses et commentaires explicatifs a rendu le roman, Monnè, outrages et défis plus facile à lire et à comprendre comparé aux Soleil des indépendances.
Mots clés : Evolution, innovation lexicale, mots malinkés, commentaires et parentheses explicatifs
In this paper, we examined the evolution of the use of Malinke signs ( Malinke words and expressions translated into French) from Les soleils des indépendances to Monnè, outrages et défis and its impact on the understanding of the message of the two novels. Semiotic theory was used. As method we used textual analysis, inventory, calculation of average and percentage of these Malinke signs and their comparison. As results, it was established that Malinke signs are used more in Monnè, outrages et défis than in Les soleils des indépendances as well as the explanatory parentheses and comments. Also, the use of these Malinke signs is not systematically followed by the explanatory parentheses and comments in Les soleils des indépendances whereas, in Monnè, outrages et défis that is not the case. Equally, in Les soleils des indépendances some explanatory comments used do not provide clear explanation of these Malinke signs. Finally, the use of the comments and parentheses made Monnè, outrages et défis easier to read and to understand compared to Les soleils des indépendances.
Keywords: Evolution, lexical innovation, malinkés words, explanatory comments and parentheses
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF TRADITIONAL APPRENTICESHIP METHOD OF YOUHT EMPOWERMENT AMONG THE YORUBA PEOPLE IN NIGERIA
AMOS ADEKUNLE ADEDIRAN
Department of Social Studies, School of Arts and Social Sciences, Federal College of Education, Abeokuta, Ogun State.
ABSTRACT
Apprenticeship system has helped a lot of young people in Yoruba land/society up till date, to live meaningful life, not only for themselves but also for their families and community as a whole. It is the custom of their forefathers, yet it is still relevant in today’s Nigeria. This is because it assures the youth of an independent life (self-reliance) after training. It is important to note that today’s education is very bookish and at the same time gear towards certification. It ends up producing job seekers and hanger harassed graduates who go about the streets in search of white collar jobs that is non-existence. This is unlike the traditional apprenticeship system which gives or guarantees an enduring business and stable income once one graduated or settled. Historically, in the pre-colonial era, the youth were trained on the art of mask making, fishing, farming, metal work (blacksmith) goldsmith, boat making, hunting, carving, sculpting, mat making, most of youth apprentices during this period were mostly male because female children were usually found in the kitchen learning how to cook. This is not entirely true or false, because female children also do learn the art of bead making, basket weaving, some even do go to theneighbouring towns to learn the art of singing and dancing steps till they become experts. These experts often win in the inter-village competition, thereby making their village proud. Youth’s unemployment has reached an alarming stage in our country Nigeria. The economy has reached declining point such that it sheds jobs, instead of creating them. It is against this backdrop that the study looked carefully at the apprenticeship system of education as a way of exposing students to the knowledge of various skills and trades while in school in order to be self-reliant after graduation. Traditional method of apprenticeship practiced by Yoruba people of Nigeria has also helped to solve the problem of unemployment in the country. This paper therefore examines the meaning of apprenticeship, the problem of unemployment, character development as a prerequisites for honest labour. Traditional method of apprenticeship, types of vocation training as apprenticeship in Yorubaland, lineage and other socio-economic ties in Yorubaland, impart of apprenticeship on individual and community. The research adopted qualitative method in which the research used literature, the library, journal, textbooks and historical review. In the final analysis, it is recommended that every culture should try as much as possible to promote their traditional and cultural heritage in order not to allow their vocational culture to die.
Keywords: Apprenticeship, Method, Youth Empowerment, Tradition, Unemployment.
HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY: A TOOL FOR WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT IN NIGERIA
OKUNLOLA KAFILAT ASAKE AND OKUNOLA ADAFIN A. OLAIYA
Department of Hospitality Management, School of Applied and Natural Sciences, The Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B 55, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Hospitality industry is considered as one of the world’s largest economic activities today. The Draft hospitality industry is an important instrument for sustainable human development including poverty alleviation, employment generation, environment regeneration and advancement of women. The contribution of women in the business world has increased in recent years, although women are underrepresented in management and leadership. In the hospitality industry, the percentage of women who work in the industry is high, but their function is dominated by unskilled, low-paid jobs. The hospitality industry definitely provides various entry points for women’s employment and opportunities for creating self-employment in small and medium sized income generating activities. In recent years the increased number of women in the hospitality industry and their underrepresentation has made women’s status in industry a great concern. This paper aims to examine Hospitality industry as a tool for women’s empowerment in Nigeria. In addition, the paper discusses the perceived factors that facilitate and constrain women’s in the industry. The paper also attempts to explain the need for approaching the Hospitality industry sector as mechanism for women empowerment. It also explains the importance and benefits that arise from women empowerment and highlights the essential element of empowerments. The paper concludes that, Hospitality sector in the Nigeria could play an important role in creating a more equitable environment for women advancement.
Keywords: Hospitality, Management, Empowerment, Polytechnic, Education.
INDUSTRIAL CONFLICT AND ORGANIZATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY (A STUDY OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC OKO, ANAMBRA STATE)
OKOYE MARTINA C.
Department of Public Administration, Federal Polytechnic Oko, Anambra State
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to examine industrial conflict and workers productivity with a study of Federal Polytechnic Oko, Anambra State, the result of findings shows that individual conflicts in Nigerian higher institutions occurs in the forms of lockout, strike, work-to-rule and lock-in, the factors responsible for these include workers demand for improved welfare scheme, governments refusal to comply and breach of terms of settlements disputes. Such conflicts are resolved through collective bargaining, unilateral actions of the government and appointments of mediator and conciliation. The problem in industrial conflicts administration includes the attitude of the institution authorities, government union leaders. The effect of industrial conflict in Nigeria higher institutions involves decline in productivity of all staff loss of much man-hours, laxity among students staff, deterioration of relationship between staff and government. The work recommends that the government should provide adequate funds for effective administration of Nigeria higher institutions, these will make the authorities able to provide adequate remunerations, compensation and welfare scheme for the staff. This will always ensure industrial peace in the institutions
MANAGING COMMUNICATION CHALLENGES IN WORKPLACE
STEPHEN ENO DEDAN
Department of Office Technology and Management, Federal Polytechnic, Bali.
ABSTRACT
Workplace (WP) is a building or room where workers carry out their duties. This entails that it is a place of team work and in team work; people must have to create awareness by informing others of what the originator feels others are not aware of with the aim of getting response, which is communication. And this is done through expression in words mostly, and other forms of communication. This paper is a survey study design, it uses observation and unstructured interview method. Because it is talking about communication, in order to get the correct data for the study, the right method to use is observation and unstructured interview. The area of the study is Federal Polytechnic Bali but delimited to School of General Studies and Management Technology Federal Polytechnic Bali. It also uses 50 non-academic staff from the School the population of the study. And from observation and interview, most workers lack this essential ingredient in workplace. This paper has identified this issue of communication challenges which are: problem of the right language to use, manner of expressing one’s self and lack of courage to speak the official workplace language fluently. And it tends to proffer possible solution to this destructive agent in workplace. The following are the possible solutions: know the workplace official language of a country, speak and learn how to read and write the language, speak the language frequently in workplace, avoid bias and hatred, and deal with harsh temperament. If every worker in the School of General Studies and Management and Federal Polytechnic Bali, will holistically follow this steps, the issue of communication challenges in workplaces will be surmounted.
Keywords: Managing, Communication, Challenge, Language, Temperament and Workplace (WP)
SERVANT LEADERSHIP, JOB CRAFTTNG AND TASK PERFORMANCE IN ADAMAWA STATE HIGHER INSTITUTIONS
ADAMU AHMED GIREI
Department of Business Administration & Management, Federal Polytechnic Mubi
ABSTRACT
This empirical paper examines the effect of servant leadership on task performance in Adamawa state higher institutions. Specifically, it assesses the moderating effect of job crafting on the relationship between servant leadership and task performance among employees of selected Adamawa State higher institutions. The population of this study was 3 selected higher institutions in Adamawa State with staff strength of three thousand one hundred and twenty one (3121). The sample size for this study was 355 respondents obtained through Yamane (1970) formulae. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. This study was conducted from December, 2020 to June, 2021. Partial least square structural equation modeling was adopted with the help of Smart PLS 3 for the purpose of data analysis. The result provided support for four hypothesized relationship of the study. Specifically; result reveals that Servant leadership was found to be significantly related to job crafting and task performance. It was also found that job crafting significantly relates to task performance in the higher institutions of Adamawa State. The study found that job crafting significantly moderate relationship between servant leadership and task performance. It was concluded that with servant leadership institutions can respond to their challenges effectively and properly in a dynamic and competitive world. Therefore, it was recommended that servant leadership of styles and job crafting spirit be encouraged among employees of the higher institutions in Adamawa State for improve task performance performances.
Keywords: Servant Leadership, Task performance and Job crafting
RISK PERCEPTION BY JOURNALISTS AND COVERAGE OF ENDSARS PROTESTS IN NIGERIA
*JOHN BAMIDELE IGE PHD; AND **TOPE IGE
*Department of Mass Communication, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Offa, Nigeria. **Department of Mass Communication, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Offa, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Mass protests predate independence in Nigeria. There were women riots in Eastern Nigeria between 1925-1930 and Abeokuta about 1948-1949. In her more recent history, Nigeria experienced the “Alli Must Go” protests in 1978 and the June 12 protest and riots in 1993. None of these protests attracted media attention, foreign and local, and impacted media establishments and practitioners in Nigeria like #EndSars protests of the latter part of the year 2020. Media houses were vandalized and burnt and practitioners assaulted. The social movement dubbed EndSars has widened its demand beyond disbandment of the Special Anti-Robbery Squad unit of the Nigeria Police to include demand for good and accountable governance in Nigeria. The implication is that it has evolved into a movement with perpetual causes and call for protests, with the possibility of risks and violence on media houses and practitioners. This scenario leads to the question of how journalists perceive risks associated with coverage of EndSars protests. The research method adopted was survey. Structured questionnaires were administered on 210 media practitioners. Our analysis of data collected showed that majority of the respondents 75% view coverage of EndSars protests as very risky. Inspite of this, most journalists, 86% are highly inclined to cover the protests. Our conclusion is that inspite of perceiving coverage of the EndSars protests as highly risky, majority of the journalists are prepared to perceive it as inevitable hazards of the job. Given this scenario, this paper recommends adequate insurance cover for journalists covering the protests. It also recommends that media practitioners should ensure balance, eschew bias, verify facts and give voice to the victims in their reportage.
Keywords: Protests, EndSARS
THE ROLE OF SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS IN FUELING SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA: IMPLICATION FOR PEACE AND SECURITY
MOHAMMED MUSA; & FELIX HASLEY
Department of International Relation and Strategic Studies, Adamawa State Polytechnic, Yola
ABSTRACT
The proliferation and misuse of excessive weapons is a global menace that affected and is continuously affecting security architecture of various countries in the world. the problem is complicated by the readily availability and easiness in usage without difficulty. The menace is responsible for the eruption of violence in almost all the countries of the world, and Nigeria in particular. The present security challenges ravaging the country in form of kidnapping, ethnic conflict, Boko haram, insurgency and host of others have been attributed to the proliferation of arms in the country. The in ability of the security operatives to checkmate the menace has exacerbated the security problem in the country, thereby causing deaths and monumental destruction of properties in Nigeria. The paper employed the use of secondary Data through internet, journal in arriving at the paper. The paper adopts a holistic approach on the part of government to seriously take sociopolitical economic the use of traditional rulers and religious leaders as the custodian of religion and culture in coming up with a far reaching policies and programs in addressing the challenges. Failure to act promptly it will do us no good.
Keywords: Peace, Security, Insecurity, Small arms, small arms proliferation
YOUTH AND THE SEARCH FOR A NEW ORDER IN NIGERIA: THE #ENDSARS PROTESTS OF 2020 IN PERSPECTIVE
ADEKUNLE AJISEBIYAWO, PhD; **COLLINS OKONKWO, PhD; & **JOSEPH ONOYEMEAKPO
*Department of Political Science and Public Administration, Igbinedion University, Okada **Department of Political Science and Public Administration, Igbinedion University, Okada
ABSTRACT
The youth globally are recognized as a formidable and critical segment of the population of every society whose strength and dynamism are essential in the process of birthing a new nation. Unfortunately, in some developing countries like Nigeria, the government has not really embraced the youth as a central factor in its development efforts. There is however a growing evidence of youth activism and mobilization for political inclusion and for a nation that guarantees rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness as exemplified by the #ENDSARS Movement. It is against this backdrop that this paper examined the place of youth in birthing a new social order in Nigeria. Theoretically, this study is framed in terms of gerontocracy in a power exchange context. To achieve this objective, content analytical method was adopted as relevant data were sourced from secondary sources mainly textbooks, articles from reputable journals and periodicals.
Keywords: Youth, Nigeria, #ENDSARS, Gerontocracy, Power exchange theory
A STUDY OF HOTELS’ FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE FOR INTRODUCTION OF AN INTER-HOTEL COMPARISON SCHEME IN YOLA, ADAMAWA STATE NIGERIA
*GABRIEL UNUAGBO YESUF; *RUKKAYATU SULEIMAN; & **ADEJOH APEH MATTHEW
*Department of Hospitality Management and Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi. **Department of Hospitality Management, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi
SPONSORED BY TETFUND
ABSTRACT
One way of achieving classification of hotels is by comparative analysis of major operating statistics .Comparative analysis of hotel operating statistics for the purpose of classification is achieved through inter-hotel comparison scheme. Inter- hotel comparison is a system where hotels of comparable standards agree that their performance statistics be collected, analyzed and compared by a center so that each hotel is able to assess its performance in relation to other hotels in the scheme. Hotels in Yola lack this medium. The purpose of this study was to determine the perception and willingness of hotels to participate in a comparative scheme with a view to improving on their service quality delivery and financial activities. Three ratios each of profitability and cost factors were investigated in twelve (12) hotels. Raw figures supplied by the hotels were processed into ratios through the process of common size analysis. It was found out that the hotels have understanding about the importance of inter-hotel comparison and the resources to participate in such scheme. A trial analysis of available ratios showed that some of the hotels were actually doing better than others. This study recommends a functional inter-firm comparison program for hotels in Yola as it will help the hotels evaluate and improve on their financial performance while at the same time providing government an avenue for economic policy formulation
Keywords: Inter-hotel; Comparison; Financial ratios; Hotel performance
LEADERSHIP STYLES AND STAFF ENGAGEMENT IN SELECTED MDAS IN BAUCHI STATE
SA’IDU ALI; MUSA IBRAHIM; & MUSA IBRAHIM ABUBAKAR
Department of Public Administration, School of Management Studies, Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic Bauchi.
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the relationship between leadership styles and staff performance in selected MDAs in Bauchi state. Efficiency and timeliness were used as measures of staff performance. The study adopted the cross-sectional survey in its investigation of the variables. Primary source of data was generated through self- administered questionnaire. The population of the study was the entire staff of the Bauchi Zonal Education II (1702), and Bauchi State Urban Development Board (215). A total of workers were obtained from the Human Resources Department of the MDAs which represent the sample frame. The sample size was obtained using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table for determining minimum returned sample size for a given population. For our population, the table placed our sample size at three hundred and fourteen (314). The sample size therefore was 314 and was be used for the study. The research instrument was validated through supervisor’s vetting and approval while the reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items scoring above 0.70. Data generated were analyzed and presented using both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The hypotheses were tested using the Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Statistics. Findings from the data analysis revealed that leadership styles positively and significantly relates to staff performance in selected MDAs in Bauchi state. The result of the findings recommends that the administrators should establish an enabling environment that would engender efficiency in performance. If needs be, administrators should make expectations clear and offer rewards when necessary to get the employees to perform very well. Supervisors should act as guides to the subordinates and help develop their skills to boost their confidence and timeliness of service delivery by extension.
Keywords: Leadership Styles, Staff Performance, Efficiency and Timeliness
CONCEPT OF GRAPHICS COMMUNICATION
MOLOKWU FELIX EJIKE
Department of Fine and Applied Arts (Graphics Section)
ABSTRACT
Theconcept of Graphic Communication is characterized by the technology that is infused with information and communication technology which cover any product that stores, retrieves, manipulates, transmits or receive information that helps in disseminating knowledge through graphic device visuals. With structured and semi-structured interview guides the researcher examined the impact of Graphic Communications in the print and electronic media in Ghana. The scope of the study was focused on the Accra Metropolis using twelve media houses in the Metropolis. The sample survey was used to collect data from a portion of the entire population providing a fair representation of the study population. The major findings that emerged from the study are that the plethora nature of Graphic Communication elements has influenced the ethics and practice of media since its introduction in the Gold Coast. Everybody is now moving to what is called “mediamorphosis”. In effect these new platforms are changing viewership and readership on regular basis. This change is occurring quickly and in significant ways, and it is retooling and redirecting the practice of media in Ghana. Finally, the study suggests that in order to comprehend the visual culture of today’s image saturated society, one needs to accept the aporia of technological influences on both print and electronic media.
Keywords: Graphic Communications, Technological Influences, Information and Communication Technology.
DISAGGREGATE ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA: ARDL BOUND TEST APPROACH
*SALISU BABA MANU; & **ABDULLAHI IDRIS AHMAD
*Department of Economics School of Arts & Social Sciences, A.D. Rufa’I College Of Education, Legal & General Studies Misau. P.M.B. 004 MISAU, BAUCHI STATE. **Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, EKITI State Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This paper examines the impact of conventional/fossil fuel energy consumption and its component on economic growth in Nigeria using Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) though mixture of stationarity was found which was taken care of by the employment of ARDL
covering the 1980-2018 period. The results indicated that conventional/fossil fuel and its component (Crude Oil and Dry Natural Gas) energy consumption slows down economic growth in Nigeria. This is attributed to the inefficiency in the use of fossil fuel energy in the country. The conventional/fossil fuel energy are highly polluting when used (burnt). On the other hand, the use of clean energy sources like solar, wind and hydropower which does not have a side effect on human health and the environment is less in Nigeria. As such, conventional/fossil fuel energy use can slow down economic growth by lowering productivity when there is inefficiency in the energy used. The study recommends that (1) The government should intensify action in support of policies that encourage private sector participation in the provision of electricity; (2) the government should encourage and support the utilization of the abundant renewable energy sources in the country (renewable energy components such as solar, wind and geothermal) which will not only increase the revenue base of the nation but also reduce the emission of hazardous pollutants associated with the use of non-renewable energy sources; and (3) greater commitment to achieving sustainable renewable energy by Nigerian authorities is needed.
Keywords: ARDL, Fossil fuel, Disaggregate, economic growth
POST-NATIONAL DIPLOMA INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA STUDENTS
1JIMOH, TAJUDEEN ADISA; & 2BANJO, ABOSEDE OLUBUNMI
1Department of Office Technology and Management, the Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro 2Department of Mass Communication, the Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro
ABSTRACT
The mandatory one-year industrial training which is a fundamental pre-requisite for admission into Higher National Diploma programmes in Nigerian polytechnics was instituted to expose students to real life work situation and prepare them for future life and academic endeavours. This study was conducted to examine the impact one-year post-national diploma industrial training experience on the academic achievement of polytechnic students. The study was carried out at the Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro and a sample of 200 Higher National Diploma students was randomly selected on a proportionate distribution from the five faculties in the Polytechnic. Three hypotheses formulated on three academic achievement factors – self-report academic achievement, motivation for academic excellence and students’ academic engagement were tested with industrial training experience at 0.05 level of significance. Simple regression and correlation tests results indicate positive relationship between Students’ Industrial Training Experience and each of the academic achievement variables. The results show that the one-year Post-National Diploma Industrial Training has significant impact on the academic achievement of the Higher National Diploma students. It was therefore concluded that one-year industrial training which is a mandatory requirement for admission into Higher National Diploma programmes of polytechnics is a programme that avail the trainees a wide range of opportunities for future academic endeavours and workplace performance. It was recommended, among others, that students should undergo the one-year industrial training purposefully and diligently while polytechnics should make efforts to create good relationship with industries taking up the students for the industrial training.
Keywords: Academic achievement, Academic engagement, Industrial training, Polytechnic students, Post-National Diploma
THE MERGING OF LITERATURE, RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY IN WAITING FOR AN ANGEL AND WAITING FOR GODOT
RAJI, TOLULOPE OLABIMPE
General Studies Department, Gateway (ICT) Polytechnic Saapade, Ogun State.
ABSTRACT
This study explores the merging of literature, religion and philosophy in waiting for an angel and waiting for Godot. Helon Habila Waiting for An Angel and Samuel Beckett the writer of the text waiting for Godot. This work concludes after having analytically looked at the convergence of literature, religion and philosophy in waiting for an angel and waiting for Godot.
Keywords; literature, religion, philosophy, waiting for an angel and waiting for Godot.
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN THE FACE OF MORAL DECADENCE IN THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY A 21ST CENTURY PHENOMENA
*ADAMU, RUTH ENOCH PhD; **JALO, AYUBA SOLOMON; & ***OHOLIABS, D. TUDUKS PhD
*Department of Arts Education, Faculty of Education, University of Jos. **Department of Christian Religious Studies, School of Arts and Social Sciences, Federal, College of Education Okene, Kogi State. ***Department of Religious Studies, Faculty of Arts and Social Science, Gombe State University
ABSTRACT
Nigeria as a nation has been bedevilled by morality saga, the in-sensitivity of the agent saddled with the responsibility of inculcating moral values into the younger once in our today’s society has been incapacitated. Foreign cultures have blown the minds of people which forces the Nigerians to experience a paradigm shift from what was defined as morals in the Nigerian traditional society. The ethics and the moral standard of Nigerian society are fading away living the societies with varieties of social menace, vices, and terrorism, such that no part of this country is free of such acts. These menaces of morality fallout have to cause civic unrest, they threatened safety and peace stability. These problems revolving around is affecting socio-economic, political, and religious themes. The methodology used in this research paper is a theoretical discourse where it seeks to briefly unravelled how the morality in our given society is waxing and vanishing, paving ways for dangers, insecurity and lack of peaceful co-existence, and under-development in today’s country. This paper becomes necessary and timely to encourage religious education (as a course of study) to strengthened its objectives especially in the area of moral development in all levels of education to pave ways in preparing learners who will graduate with the responsibility of combating these menaces in the society. The paper concludes by proffering steps as a model for Nigerian society to use as a tool for contending the scourge in our society today.
COVID-19 PANDEMIC LOCKDOWN; ITS EFFECT ON THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY
ANAGUN, A. M ; ONI, O.E ; & **OHIOMAH SIMEON SULEMAN
*Lagos State University, Lagos. **Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Auchi, Polytechnic, Auchi, Edo State.
ABSTRACT
In an unprecedented global pandemic, the corona virus has continues to spread throughout the globe, placing health of various countries under challenge and the systems under severe stress in the battle to save lives. The human effect of this tragedy is set to worsen as the virus spreads to lower income countries with weaker and poor healthcare infrastructure to contain the virus and the attendant health issues. Nigeria, like other countries of the world has begun canceling events, flights, and virtually everything that requires social, official, and religious gatherings to curb the spread of the virus. Thus, from the impact of these measures, Nigeria’s fragile economy is facing collapse as it largely depends on oil exports. To mitigate the situation and enable business continuity in Nigeria, the Central Bank of Nigeria in its Banker’s Committee Meeting announced policy measures such as the additional moratorium of one year on CBN intervention facilities, interest rate reduction on intervention facilities from 9% to 5%; the activation of the N1.5 trillion InfraCo Project for building critical infrastructure; the strengthening of lending to deposit ratio policy, additional N100 Billion naira intervention in healthcare loans to pharmaceutical companies; and the N1 trillion loan to boost local manufacturing and production across critical sectors. What is clear is that the virus and its aftermath look likely to be with us for some time.
Keyword: Covid – 19, epidemic, virus, economy, lock down, healthcare
L’ECRIVAIN FACE A LA COLLECTE DU FRANÇAIS DE LA RUE EN AFRIQUE EN PERIODE DE COVID 19
SANOUSSI, ASSALEYE
Department of French, Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo
ABSTRACT
Le Covid 19 est une pandémie qui affecte les activités dans tous les secteurs de la vie. Celui de la littérature n’est pas épargné car, il porte un coup dur au travail des écrivains africains francophones qui puisent les ingrédients de leur travail dans la rue et autres lieux publics. Le but de cet article est de montrer comment la pandémie de Covid 19 affecte le travail de ces écrivains africains francophones qui se promènent dans les rues et autres lieux en Afrique pour prendre des notes sur le français de la rue afin de partager leur expérience avec des lecteurs. Comme théories, nous adoptons les théories sociologique et sémiotique et comme méthode nous adoptons l’analyse textuelle. A la fin, nous avons pu établir que la pandémie de Covid 19 paralyse le travail des écrivains africains francophones car ils ne sont plus en mesure d’aller dans les rues et autres lieux publics à cause du confinement et des mesures barrières, mis en place par les pouvoirs publics. Cependant, au lieu de croiser les bras, ces écrivains peuvent pendant cette période travailler sur d’autres notions comme les néologismes et autres aspects de l’indigénisation du français et si possible, ils pourraient converser au téléphone et par internet avec certaines personnes qu’ils ont eu à rencontrer au cours de leurs recherches précédentes dans la rue, les maquis et autres lieux publics.
Mots clés: Collecte, français de la rue, Covid 19, pandémie, congolismes, langue manipulatrice.
Covid 19 is a pandemic that affects activities in all the sectors of human endeavours. That of literature is not exempted because it seriously hits the activities of Francophone African writers who fetch ingredients of their work in the streets and other public places. The aim of this paper is to highlight how Covid 19 pandemic affects the work of these Francophone African writers who, in order to share their experience with readers on the use of French pidgin , move down the streets, visit other public places and take notes of this colloquial language. As theories, we adopt sociological and semiotic theories and the method used is textual analysis. At the end, we were able to establish that Covid 19 pandemic paralyses the work of Francophone African writers because they cannot go on the streets and other public places any more to collect pidgin French owing to lockdown of people and social distancing put in place by authorities. However, instead of folding arms, these writers, during that period should work on neologisms and other aspects of indigenisation of French language and if possible, they may interact through phone and internet with some people they met in the course of carrying out researches on the streets, in the beer parlours and other public places.
Keywords: Collection, French pidgin, Covid 19, pandémic, congolism, language of oppression.
FARMERS-HERDSMEN CONFLICTS IN NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR PEACE AND NATIONAL SECURITY
*MOHAMMED DANJUMA ADO; **JACOB DAVID GOFWAN; & **JONATHAN ISHAYA
*GSE Department, School of Education, Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare, Bauchi State. **Social Studies Department, School of Arts and Social Sciences, Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare, Bauchi State.
ABSTRACT
Conflicts between farmers and herdsmen have become a common feature of economic livelihood in Nigeria. In recent times, the country has witnessed series of violent clashes arising from the activities of the farmers and nomadic herdsmen, who move about on a daily basis with their cattle in search of water and green pastures. These conflicts, without doubt have become the most potent threat to Nigeria’s peace and national security. What makes the conflict very disturbing are, the frequency, the level of destruction and sheer brutality. The conflicts have grown, spread and intensified over the past decade and today pose a threat to national survival. Thousands of people have been killed, communities have been destroyed and so many farmers and herdsmen have lost their lives and property in an extended orgy of killings and destruction that is not only continuously destroying livelihoods but also affecting national cohesion Thus, this paper examines the causes of the incessant clashes between the farmers and herdsmen in Nigeria, and as well highlights its implications for peace and national security. Hence, the paper focuses on causes, effects and implications of farmers-herdsmen conflicts on Nigeria’s peace and national security and strategies to curb such conflicts. The paper went further to proffer some recommendations that if Nigerian government and stakeholders take will in no small measure address the menace.
Keywords: Farmers, Herdsmen, Conflict, Peace, National security.