INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENCE RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY (TIJSRAT)
VOL. 13 (9) MAY, 2023
PUBLISHER:
TIMBOU-AFRICAN ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS,
Centre for African Development Studies, Federal Ministry of Education, Abuja, FCT-Nigeria.
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT USING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
JOHN TEMITOPE OGBITI1, MOHAMMED IBRAHIM2 OLUSHOLA A. ADETUNMBI3
1Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Edo State University Uzairue, Edo State Nigeria. 2Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Kaduna State University, Kaduna State Nigeria. 3Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Federal University of Technology, Akure Ondo State Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Wireless sensor networks are the foundation of modern intelligent systems. Because of the advancement of the sensor nodes that form Wireless Sensor Networks, these technologies are now simple to apply in our daily life. This study describes wireless sensor networks for intelligent transportation systems and traffic control. In the framework of intelligent transportation systems, sensors for vehicles, roads, weather, and the environment are all mentioned. Regarding traffic management, dynamic signalization systems are taken into account. It is believed that the work will be useful to readers and practitioners. This paper proposes a wireless sensor-based solution for the positioning system for intelligent transportation systems (ITS). To locate and track cars at the appropriate time, it makes use of a wireless sensor network with low cost, low power consumption, multi-function, and the features of the sensor nodes placed in monitoring regions.
Keywords: Wireless sensor networks, sensor node, intelligent transportation systems, traffic management
CHARACTERIZATION OF AHOKO KAOLIN AS POTENTIAL INDUSTRIAL RAW MATERIAL
NASIRU AUDU1*, ABDULLAHI N. ISAH 1, OBAJULU E. AYO1, SANNI Y. YUNUSA2, I. N. OKECHUKWU 2
1Chemical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa 2Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa
ABSTRACT
Kaolin is used in industries because of unique physical and chemical properties, shapes, particle size, color, soften and non-abrasiveness are physical properties that are specifically important. Beneficiation of Ahoko Kaolin was performed in an air cyclone and characterized using XRD, XRF AND SEM. X-ray fluorescence performed on both raw and beneficiated Ahoko Kaolin was determined, from XRF result the raw Ahoko Kaolin contained Al2O3 and SiO3 contents of about 14.47 wt % and 73 wt% respectively, and after beneficiation of Ahoko kaolin, the Alumina contained was improved from14.47 wt% to 17.57 wt%. The XRD result shows that Ahoko Kaolin contains some impurities such as quartz, Nosean, Illite garment. The result shows that there is a decrease in the amount of quartz in beneficiated Kaolin with the value range of 42% to 33.3% and the Alumina content increase from 39% to 64% which make it more significant and easy for industrial use. The SEM analysis of raw and beneficiated Kaolin shows the morphology study of both raw and beneficiated Kaolin which indicated that the flits present in the raw Kaolin is less compare to the beneficiated Kaolin, so, therefore. The beneficiated Kaolin will be more convenient and suitable for industrial use.
KEYWORDS: Characterization, Kaolin, Industry, Raw material, Beneficiation.
COMBINING GEOSPATIAL INTELLIGENCE WITH MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS FOR IMPROVED ANALYSIS
RABI’U SHUAYBU RDADI; & MUKHTAR ABUBAKAR
Department of Computer Science Federal College of Education Katsina. PMB 2041 Katsina State.
ABSTRACT
This research paper explores the potential benefits of combining geospatial intelligence with machine learning algorithms for improved analysis. Geospatial intelligence and machine learning are two rapidly evolving technologies that have the potential to provide valuable insights into various fields. By combining these two technologies, we aim to enhance geospatial analysis’s accuracy, efficiency, and effectiveness. The paper presents a thorough literature review of both technologies, their applications, and previous research on their combination. We describe our methodology for collecting and analyzing geospatial data using machine learning algorithms and present the findings from our study. Our results showed that combining geospatial intelligence with machine learning algorithms can significantly improve the accuracy of geospatial analysis and reduce the time and resources required for manual analysis. We also discuss the implications of our findings and make recommendations for future research in this area. Overall, this research demonstrates the potential benefits of combining geospatial intelligence with machine learning algorithms and highlights the need to explore further and develop this emerging field.
Keywords: Geospatial intelligence, Machine learning algorithms, Geospatial analysis, Accuracy, Efficiency
THE PRODUCTION OF OIL FROM WATERMELON SEED AND ITS IMPORTANCE USING SOHLEX EXTRACTOR
*OLAWUWO ADEBOOLA F.; & **DAHUNSI TAIWO O. PhD
*Integrated Science Department, School of Sciences, FCT College of Education Zuba Abuja/ **Primary Education Studies Department, School of Education, FCT College of Education Zuba Abuja.
ABSTRACT
The paper examined the processes involved in the production of oil from watermelons seed and its importance using sohlex extractor where N-hexane (Cyclohexane) was used as a solvent. Different variables of watermelons seeds were considered in term of particle sizes, ratio of solvent to seeds mass and quantity of oils that could produce from the process. The nutritional value of the oils and phytochemical analysis of the oil produced was carried out to determine if it’s fit for human consumption, oil content, Fatty acid composition and Modification in watermelons seed oils were also examined. The findings revealed that the watermelon seed oils contain minerals salts such as Calcium, Phosphorous, Magnesium and Potassium in large amounts and it also contain vitamins such as Niacin, Thiamin, Riboflavin and vitamin B-6,. Watermelons oil has some health benefits such as antioxidant against cancer. Can reduce cholesterol, high protein in vegetarian diet. Due to certain challenges identified from production processes some recommendations were made: government should encourage the science graduate to go into watermelon production by empowering them, make loan facility available, the research institutes should make public awareness on the health benefits of watermelon seed oils with its other numerous benefits. The researchers deem it fit to pass the information to our science students’ graduate to engage in the production of watermelons seeds in other to reduce unemployment rate in the country
Keywords: Cyclohexane, Extraction method, Nutrition, Watermelons seed, Watermelons oil, Sohlex, Solvent
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN FPGA BASED FINITE IMPULSE RESPONSE (FIR) FILTER USING DISTRIBUTED ARITHMETIC AND MODELING APPROACH
ADATI ELKANAH CHAHARI1, YUSUF MUSA MALGWI2, ABDULFATTAH A. ABOABA2, DAUDA YUSUF3, ILIYAS IBRAHIM ILIYAS3, IBRAHIM MUSA HASSAN 4
1Department of General Studies Education, Federal College of Education, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria. 2Department of Computer Science, Modibbo Adama University Yola, Adamawa State, 2Department of Computer Engineering, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, 3Department of Computer Engineering, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, 3Department of Mathematic Science, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, 4Department of General Studies Education, School of General Education, Federal College of Education, Yola, Adamawa State.
ABSTRACT
This paper focuses on the implementation of an FIR filter on FPGA with the use of Distributed Arithmetic and modelling approach. The implemented bit-serial structure takes optimum advantage of the LUT based structure of FPGA. This study provides a basic architecture which is a 4-tap filter that can easily be adapted to be used on a FIR filter with a much higher number of taps. The study also provides methods of improvement which would allow much greater area efficiency. The proposed filter architecture was implemented and synthesized with Xilinx Spartan3E using a modelling approach. The performance of the proposed filter was compared with the traditional multiplier-based filter in terms of area, frequency and memory.
Keywords: FPGA, FIR, Distributed Arithmetic and Modelling Approach
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY: A PARADIGM SHIFT IN THE 21ST CENTURY TEACHER EDUCATION
ANTHONY, JOHNSON UKWUMONU; UDONSA, ANIEFIOK EZEKIEL; & DAHIRU, SA’AD MOHAMMED2
Department of Computer Science, 2Department of Mathematics, Federal College of Education, Yola
ABSTRACT
Information and communication technologies (ICT) have become commonplace entities in all aspects of life. Across the past years the use of ICT has fundamentally changed the practices and procedures of nearly all forms of endeavour within business and governance. Education is a very socially oriented activity and quality education has traditionally been associated with strong teachers having high degrees of personal contact with learners. The use of ICT in education lends itself to more student-centered learning settings. But with the world moving rapidly into digital media and information, the role of ICT in education is becoming more and more important and this importance will continue to grow and develop in the 21st century. ICT helps in improving the quality of education stating that information and communication technology is an important instrument that can transfer the present isolated, teacher- centered and book-centered learning environment into a student –centered environment. ICT can change the traditional concept of learning process and the components of ICT should be integrated in the education programme in such a way that teaching should be enabled to face the new demands and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of education at all levels in both formal and non-formal settings. Thus, we must accept the new paradigm and technology in teaching learning process. Educational institutions need to develop strategies, plan to improve teaching-learning process and ensure that all teachers are well prepared to use the new tools for learning. The emergence of the knowledge-based society is changing the global status of education. Now it is the time to develop a new knowledge-based global society. In developing countries like Nigeria, there are many untrained teachers in this area. The new ICT would be able to reach these teachers and can provide quality education all around the globe.
Keywords: Information, Communication, Technology, Teacher, Education, Paradigm, Shift
ACTIVATION OF BIOCHAR DERIVED FROM RICE HUSKS WITH PEROXYMONOSULFATE FOR SALICYLIC AND SULFOSALICYLIC ACID DEGRADATION IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION: OPTIMIZATION AND KINETIC STUDY
AKINSOLA, REUBEN OMOTAYO; GASHUA, IBRAHIM BABALE; & MOHAMMED HUSSAINI
Department of science Laboratory Technology, School of science and technology, Federal Polytechnic, Damaturu.
ABSTRACT
In this study, activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) by biochar derived from rice husk (considered useless agriculture wastes) toward organic pollutants from aqueous solution was investigated. the basic properties of biochar were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) g PMS concentration and elemental analysis (EA). Operating parameters including PMS concentration, dose off biochar and initial concentration of target pollutants (Salicylic acid (SA) and Sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)), were systematically studied. The result showed that biochar derived from the rice husk effectively activated of PMS, leading to high degradation of organic pollutants in aqueous solution. The degradation efficiency of organic pollutants increased with increasing PMS concentration and amount of biochar. The reusability of rice husk biochar and the possible mechanism for PMS activation was proposed accordingly. These findings suggest a novel rice husk for activation of PMS toward toxic organic pollutants from waste water.
Keywords: Salicylic acid, sulfosalicylic acid, rice husk, peroxymonosulfate, biochar.
ADOPTING DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION PLATFORM FOR AGRITECH BUSINESS IN NIGERIA
OJO ABOSEDE IBIRONKE; AWONOWO OLUSEGUN ORIYOMI; GANIYU MUSA BABALOLA; OKOLO FRANKLIN; ADEJUMOH TOHEEB AFOLABI; IDOWU AYOMIDE; & GODWIN JULIET FAITH
Department of Computer Science, Ogun State Institute of Technology Igbesa, Ogun State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The acceptability of information technology in practically every accept of industry, organization, public and private sector has brought a drastic transformative changes in all human aspects where farming and cultivation are not eluded. The rate by which farming is growing from traditional form to the mechanized farming through the use of technological tools and machines is beyond explanation. However, lesser attention has been given to solve the major problems faced with agricultural sector in Nigeria in the areas of financial support to farmer, market access to the buyer and challenges of transportation. Although, some AgriTech companies in Nigeria such as Farmcrowdy, Farm4me, Piggyvest etc. have tried solving some of these problems but still unable to proffer solution to the issue of marketing, Customers-Farmers Interaction (CFI), and transportation that have discourage farmers from producing more for the fear of getting potential customers or buyers. This study adopted strategy called Customers-Farmers Interaction Framework (CFIF), where we designed a robust website that serves as a mobile digital platform called Farmseed that brings potential buyers closer to the farmers by accommodating the farmers, the potential buyers, logistics, funds etc. Some information about the farm produce and as well as information about the buyers were gathered majorly from online. This innovative idea yields positive acceptability and cater for the most challenging issues of marketing, customers-farmers-interaction and transportation.
Keywords: Agriculture, AgriTech, Farmers, Digital Platform, Farmseed, Customers-Farmers Interaction
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN METACOGNITIVE AWARENESS AND REFLECTIVE LEARNING OF PHYSICS STUDENTS IN COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA
DR SALIHU ABDULLAHI GALLE1 ARUWA SIDIKAT MARYAM2 ABDULLAH MAIMUNA DANTSOHO3 ADOLE DANJUMA ADAMU4 & GBARI YOHANA TSAKU5
1Educational Research, Measurement & Evaluation Unit, Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education, Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nigeria. 2Department of Guidance & Counselling, Faculty of Education, Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nigeria 3Department of Arts and Social Science Education, Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the relationship between metacognitive awareness (MA) and reflective learning (RL) of Physics students in Colleges of Education (COE) in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Two research questions and one null hypothesis guided the study. A correlational descriptive survey research design was employed and 420 Physics students from 3 COEs, Nasarawa State were used as a sample size purposefully selected. PMAI and PAT were used as an instruments for data collection and were validated and piloted which yielded 0.87 validity index and 0.87 reliability index using KR-21. Mean and standard deviation was used for answering research questions while ANCOVA was used in testing the null hypothesis at the 0.05 level of significant. Finding of the study revealed that there is a significance relationship between MA and RL of physics students’ achievement in colleges of education. Finding also revealed that the relationship between MA and RL is reciprocal, mutually reinforcing and it supports students’ ability to engage in RL, while RL enhances metacognitive awareness. Based on the findings, it was recommended that MA and RL should be employ by Physics lecturers would help in developing these skills in tandem, physics students can become more effective learners and achieve deeper understanding in the subject.
Keywords: Metacognitive Awareness, Reflective Learning, Physics Students, Achievement, Colleges
PREDICTION OF ELECTORATE SENTIMENT USING EXTRA TREE AND GRADIENT BOOSTING CLASSIFIER
ODUMOSU A.A., ADEDEJI A. A., & RUFAI O.A*
Department of Computer Science, Abraham Adesanya Polytechnic, Ijebu-Igbo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Prediction of Electorate Sentiments (ES) in the Nigeria Political System is intriguing research but, it is associated with several difficulties because it is hard to recognize sarcasm during the election campaign and detect the sincere view of the electorate. Sometimes, the negative sentiments of electorate were viewed as sincere facts, and positive sentiments were viewed as false information by the political parties due to the campaign strategy of the politicians. Therefore, this study aims to build a model for evaluating the correlation between electorate pre and post-election sentiments and Independent Electoral Commission (INEC) results in the 2021 governorship election in Anambra State, Nigeria. A primary dataset was gathered from the Twitter Micro-blogging website, which comprises four-month data from August 4, 2021, to November 30, 2021. Python Anaconda was used to implement the study. A text-blob and Natural Language Took Kit (NLTK) were used to detect the polarity of the Twitter sentiments. Extra Tree and Gradient Boosting (GB) models were evaluated to predict the polarity of ES. The result evaluation showed that the GB classifier is efficient when implemented with lemmatized tweets showing 0.77 accuracies for the pre-election and 0.50 accuracy for the post-election tweets. The frequency of the word cloud for the positive and negative sentiments shows that Electorate Sentiments correlate with the outcome of the election as declared by INEC. Also, the result obtained from the evaluation of the machine learning models showed that GB is efficient for predicting Twitter sentiment.
Keywords: Electorate Sentiment (ES), Lexicon-based approach, Sentiment Analysis, Natural Language Processing (NLP).
ASSESSMENT OF FUNGAL SPECIES AND AFLATOXIN B1 CONTAMINATION OF SELECTED SAUSAGE ROLLS VENDED IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
SHITU, S.; MOROOF, M. B.; AND ALIYU, M.Y.
Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Snacks are simple, between-meal foods. Processed snacks are more durable and portable than prepared meals. Street food is contaminated by unsanitary sellers. Aspergillus species produce aflatoxin B1 in grains and oilseeds. Hepatocellular carcinoma is linked to long-term aflatoxin B1 exposure. Aflatoxin B1 and fungus species levels in sausage rolls sold within Kaduna state were examined in this study. Forty (40) sausage roll samples were gotten from four (4) local governments within Kaduna state. The samples were analysed for moisture content, Aflatoxin B1 assay and mycological analysis using standard microbiological methods. Aflatoxin B1, moisture content level, mould loading, and distributions were analysed using descriptive statistics. Egg rolls and meat pies from the streets and supermarkets had the highest moisture content, while plantain chips had the lowest. Street snacks in Kaduna South had 5.4 x 104 cfu/g, whereas supermarkets in Kaduna North had 1.75 x 104. Aspergillus niger (18.8%), Aspergillus flavus (16.0%), and Mucor (16.0%) were detected in streets sausage roll samples. Fusarium sp. had 6.0%. Supermarket samples had similar percentages. Aspergillus flavus, niger, and Mucor had the most (23.1%). Fusarium sp., Penicillium, Yeast, and Rhizopus recorded 7.7% each. Street snacks differed significantly from supermarket snacks. Kaduna South street snacks had 13.69g/g of aflatoxin B1, whereas Igabi supermarkets had 5.2g/g. The study showed that street-vendor snacks were substandard to supermarket snacks, with the Aspergillus family being the most common fungal isolates to ensure snack safety, food manufacturers and hawkers must maintain a clean environment, minimise contact with food samples after manufacturing, and expose sellers and customers to certified training sessions. This will help curb the incidence of food infections related to consumption of contaminated snacks.
Keywords: Aspergillus species, Aflatoxin B1, Snacks, Sausage rolls, Supermarket
CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS ON THE PROVISION OF INFORMATION RESOURCES, UTILISATION AND SERVICES IN FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC LIBRARIES IN THE NORTH EASTERN STATES, NIGERIA
HAFIZ UMAR
Library & and Information Science Department, Federal Polytechnic, Bali, Taraba State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This study appraised the challenges on the provision of information resources, utilization and services in federal polytechnic libraries in the North Eastern States-Nigeria. The study was guided by four (4) objectives and four (4) research questions. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The study areas were Federal Polytechnics of North Eastern States, which involves Federal Polytechnic Bali, Bauchi, Damaturo, Kaltungo and Federal Polytechnic Mubi. The target population comprised 197 professional and paraprofessional librarians and 6807 library users, totaling 7704 respondents. Using purposive sampling technique and Yamane formular modified by Polonia (2013) for calculating sample size, the sample size for this study was four hundred (400) from the six polytechnics. The researcher used questionnaire for data collection. The data generated from the research questions were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, while, ANOVA was used to test the two null-hypothesis tested at 0.05 level of significance. This study has established that the level of availability of information resources is inadequate; books were moderately accessible to the users and users were moderately satisfied with journals; text books and reference books and newspapers. The study further found that circulation service was provided excellently but other services were fairly provided in the libraries under study. Furthermore, the purpose for using information resources and services include writing assignment, conducting research, reading for test and examination, browse the internet/online resources. This study found inadequate information resources, inadequate infrastructural facilities, outdated information resources, difficulty in locating resources in the library, poor electricity supply, network fluctuation and inadequate library staff as challenges associated with the provision and utilization of information resources and services in Federal Polytechnic Libraries in North Eastern Nigeria. Recommendations were made.
BACTERIAL DEGRADATION OF STARCH/ NATURAL RUBBER BIO-POLYMER: A BIOTECHNOLOGY SOLUTION FOR RUBBER WASTE DISPOSAL PROBLEM
1UZOH, RAYMOND D., 2AYUBA JOHN, 1JILDAWA DANIEL,
1Department of Materials Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria. 2Biological Science Technology Department, Microbiology Unit, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, Adamawa, State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The rating of carbon black as carcinogenic by IARC under classification 2B and the high cost of carbon black filler derived from petroleum resource has necessitated a search for alternative reinforcing fillers for the rubber industry that are cheap,renewable,non-toxic and abundant in nature. More so, reckless burning of expired automobile tires and other rubber products and their disposal at refuse dumps without any means of biodegradation pose serious environmental disposal problems in recent times. In view of the above, starch was extracted from Polynesian arrow root (amora), Tacaleontopetaloides (L) Kunze and its particle size, pH, amylose, amylopectin composition determined. A starch /natural rubber composites was prepared by directly mixing and co-coagulating rubber latex and gelatinized starch with an aqueous electrolyte, and thereafter compounded in a two-roll mill according to American Society of Testing and Materials(ASTM) ,D3184-80.The starch/natural rubber blend was cured by sulphur vulcanization and accelerators method. The trial batch starch fillers revealed that the optimum volume percentage for filler addition is in the range of 20-30 part per hundred rubber(pphr). The starch/natural rubber composites were subjected to microbiological activity by isolated Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a mixed culture. The starch/natural rubber composites were used as the sole source of carbon and energy using mineral salt medium (MSM) procedure under closed system. Biodegrdation activity was found to be at maximum with sample Fo (cured rubber without starch filler). From the results, amora starch when uploaded at 30pphr can partially replace carbon black as natural rubber filler with reduced production cost and health risk pending further investigation.
Keywords: Natural rubber, Starch, Biodegradation, Latex, Co-coagulation.
UNDERSTANDING THE FUNDAMENTALS OF DIGITAL FORENSICS
*JOHNSON, OLUWATOBI AKANBI; **KAREEM, AFISS EMIOLA; & **ALLEN AKINKITAN AJOSE
*Department of Computer Science, Sikiru Adetona College of Education, Science & Technology, Omu-Ajose, Ogun State, Nigeria. **Department of Computer Science, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Digital forensics is a branch of forensic science that deals with the acquisition, preservation, and analysis of digital evidence. In recent years, the use of digital devices and technologies has become ubiquitous, resulting in an increase in the volume and complexity of digital evidence. Digital forensics plays a crucial role in the investigation of crimes involving digital evidence and is also used in civil litigation, internal investigations, and incident response. This paper provides an overview of digital forensics, including its definition, scope, and key principles. It discusses the various categories of digital evidence and the challenges involved in preserving and analyzing them. The paper also highlights the legal and ethical considerations of digital forensics, including issues related to privacy, chain of custody, and admissibility of evidence in court. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion of the importance of maintaining scientific rigor in digital forensic investigations to ensure the accuracy and reliability of evidence. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of digital forensics and its importance in today’s digital age.
Keywords: Digital, Devices, Evidences, Forensic, Investigation, Media.
MYCOBACTERIA ASSESSMENT OF MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS FROM NORTHERN CENTRAL ZONE, NIGERIA
OKEKE, K. S1*, ABALAKA M.E2, MAKUN, H.A2 AND BALA, J.D2
1Department of Biological Sciences, the Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State, Nigeria. 2Department of Microbiology, Federal University Minna, Niger State
ABSTRACT
Mycobacterium bovis still remain the major pathogenic species to humans and bovines, despite the efforts made to eradicate it. This study was carried out to assess milk and milk products sold across north central zone of Nigeria. A total of nine hundred (900) samples were collected randomly from three states. Samples that were used for mycobacterial count were not refrigerated but directly taken to tuberculosis laboratory for analysis. Method of digestion and decontamination of samples followed by cultured on Löwenstein-Jensen medium enriched with egg and glycerol (L-J-G medium) and Stonebrink medium using pour plate method were imbibed. The cells that suggest the growth of mycobacteria were examined microscopically after modification of Ziehl-Neelsen staining for acid-fast bacilli. Findings revealed the mean count of mycobacterium obtained from Niger state range from ND to 3.40 Log cfu/mL with highest count observed in Agaie LGAs. Mycobacterial count of nono ranged from ND to 3.45 Log cfu/mL. This study revealed there was significant differences (P<0.05) among the mean mycobacterial count of milk products sampled. Mycobacterium isolated includes; Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain LJ319, Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain LJ319, Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain MNPK, Mycobacterium avium strain Marseille, Mycobacterium fortuim strain M213 and Mycobacterium bovis strain: GTC 602. However, Mycobacterium bovis had highest frequency of occurrence (38%) for fresh milk and 35.4% for nono. The introductions of milk pasteurization and tuberculin (ppd) positive cattle eradication programs will greatly reduce the incidence of human and bovine tuberculosis.
KEYWORDS: Bovine tuberculosis, Nono, Kindirmo, Wara, North Central Nigeria
EFFECTS OF THE USE OF CONCEPT MAPPING INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY ON THE ACHIEVEMENT OF STUDENTS IN MATHEMATICS
CHIOMA ABIODUN ORIAKU; & ADENIJI ADENIYI JOSEPH
Department of Mathematics, School of Science, Aminu Saleh College of Education, Bauchi State.
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to determine the effects of the use of concept mapping and lecture note summary of guided discovery instructional method on achievement of students in mathematics. The study was carried out in Katagum Zone of Bauchi state. Two research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. The target population was the 4911 senior secondary school students in Katagum zone. Two schools from the zone were sampled for the study and intact classes were used. A sample of 80 students, out of which 38 were males and 42 were females, was used for the study. The design of the study was pre-test and post-test quasi experimental design. Concept mapping strategy with guided discovery method was used for the first group while Lecture note summary strategy with the same instructional method was used for the second group. A researcher-made instrument titled: Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT) was used for data collection, and two sets of lesson plans were used to assist in data collection. The instrument was validated by two experienced mathematics teachers at secondary school level, two experienced Mathematics lecturers and two specialists in measurement and evaluation at Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare, Bauchi State, for content and face validation. The coefficient of internal consistency is 0.84 using Kuder-Richardson 20. The research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation while the hypothesis was tested using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) F-test at 95% confidence level. The findings showed that there is significant difference between the adjusted means of students taught with concept mapping teaching strategy and those taught with lecture note summary teaching strategy. The study recommended the use of Concept mapping Strategy for the teaching of mathematics in secondary schools.
CREATION OF SPATIAL DATABASE FOR POPULATION STUDY. (CASE STUDY OF PART OF SABON KAURA VILLAGE BAUCHI) LOCAL GOVERNMENT BAUCHI, BAUCHI STATE
*ABAH SUNDAY OCHEPO; *DADI HARUNA; & **ERIC YOHANNA DAUDA
*Department of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Federal Polytchnics, Bauchi. **Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Federal Polytechnic Bida
ABSTRACT
This research is an attempt to study the population distribution of part of Sabon Kaura village Bauchi, in Bauchi Local Government, by creating a spatial Database of the study area. It all started with a reconnaissance survey (Recce) this is to help the research team know the extent of the area, the social impact and the possible ways of carrying out the census study. Satellite image of the area was obtained from Google Earth software. Then the image obtained was Geo-referenced and digitized to produce a vector map showing the residential buildings in part of Sabon Kaura village, questionnaires were also prepared and distributed to the houses digitized in the research area. The questionnaires was used to collect information about the people in the study area .A database was created showing residents name, type of building occupation of occupier, gender, nationalities, state of origin etc. The database was taken to excel software to carry out some analysis such as computing the total number of population in the area. Finally the different layers created in ArcGIS software were used to form a composite map of the project area by adding some cartographic element. This research recommend that, in any population determination, satellite method should be employed
Keywords: population, database, GPS, GIS.
A PROBALIST HERMITE COLLOCATION BLOCK METHOD FOR THE SOLUTION OF SECOND ORDER INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS IN ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
1ABDULLAHI, I. 2ISMAILA M .3MOHAMMED, I.H. 4MANKO, A.A. AND 5JIBRIN, K.T.
1Department of Computer Science, Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Moor Plantation Ibadan, Nigeria. 2,3,3,4,5Department of Mathematics, Federal Polytechnic, Bida Niger State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This paper is concerns to give Hermite polynomial approximation for the solution of general second-order initial value problems through interpolation and collocation techniques with step number k=3, using Hermite Collocation polynomial as basis function. The consistency, stability and convergence characteristics of the proposed methods are examined. Numerical experiment examples for linear and nonlinear problems in literature are used and the results obtained show the superiority of the method in comparison with some existing methods.
Keywords: Hermite, Collocation, Convergence, Block.
AN OVERVIEW OF THE METALLURGY OF IRON AND STEEL MAKING TECHNOLOGIES
*SAFINAT TOLU; *AISHAT O. SALAWU; AND **AMINU O. YUSUF
*Department of Minerals and Petroleum Resources, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna. **Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna
ABSTRACT
The manufacture of steel is essentially an oxidation process that decreases the amount of carbon, silicon, magnesium, phosphorus and sulfur in a mixture of molten pig iron and steel scrap. The impurities such as nitrogen, sulphur, silicon, phosphorus and excess carbon are separated out from the raw iron and alloying elements such as nickel, manganese, vanadium, molybdenum and chromium are added to impart different properties to steel. This paper has reviewed the modern technologies used in a steel plant such as Bessemer process for steelmaking, open-hearth process for steelmaking, Basic oxygen converter, ingot casting, continuous casting and electric arc furnace steelmaking. In this study, the production procedure, advantages, and limitations of each of the steelmaking process have been discussed. The application of steel materials in various industrial purposes has been explored.
Keywords: Carbon, Impurities, Manufacture, Scraps, Steel, Oxidation.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF PETROLEUM PRODUCT HAULAGE FROM KADUNA REFINERY AND PETRO-CHEMICAL COMPANY BY ROAD AND PIPELINE
FASASI, S.K. & OSUNTOKI, N.B.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, School of Science, The Oke – Ogun Polytechnic, Saki, Oyo State.
ABSTRACT
This study relied on secondary sources of data. Data obtained was subsequently analysed using both descriptive statistics and ANOVA. The findings of this study reveal that pipeline transport is the most cost-effective and less challenged mode of transporting and distributing of petroleum products of Kaduna refinery and petro-chemical Company via pipeline and road. Nested design was used to compare the variability between the means of transporting the product.