TIMBOU-AFRICAN ACADEMIC INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT AND EARTH SCIENCE (TIJBEES)
VOL. 12 (4) FEBRUARY, 2023. ISSN: 1881-2167
Published by:
TIMBOU-AFRICAN ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS,
Centre for African Development Studies, Federal Ministry of Education, Abuja, FCT-Nigeria.
THE EFFECT OF INSURGENCY AND SOCIAL UNREST ON THE RENTAL VALUE OF COMMERCIAL PROPERTIES IN ONITSHA AND ASABA
OLADEJO, ESTHER IFEANYICHUKWU; OKAFOR, JOHNBOSCO IKENNA; & CHIKWENDU, EDITH OGECHI
Department of Estate Management, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka
ABSTRACT
The most important thing in any human endeavor is safety of life and then property, any activity that poses threat to lives and property of people is a direct attack on the development of such city. Onitsha which is the commercial hub of Anambra state has been suffering set back in the commercial activity which is carried out in the metropolis due to the high level of insurgency occasioned by the sit-at-home order often made in the south east region of Nigeria. The interest of this paper is to assess the effect of insurgency and social unrest on the rental value of commercial properties in Onitsha and Asaba. Questionnaire was distributed to 15 real estate companies in Onitsha which was returned. The opinion of the respondents was presented with the use of tables and analysed using simple percentage. The study found that the insurgency in Onitsha has directly improved the commercial activity in Asaba because businesses are moving from Onitsha to Asaba as a result of the sit-at-home order. The study went further to concludes that Going by the first law of demand and supply; the higher the demand of a commodity, the higher the price of that commodity. It simply means that if this sit-at-home order continues to a foreseeable future, the rental value of commercial properties will reduce in Onitsha while it will increases in Asaba due to reduction and increase in the demand of commercial properties in Onitsha and Asaba respectively.
Keywords: Insurgency, Social Unrest, Rental Value, Commercial Properties, Onitsha.
INTRINSIC FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES INVESTMENT RETURNS IN NASSARAWA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KANO STATE
ABDURRAUF UMAR FAROUQ; MUHAMMAD UMAR BELLO; MARYAM SALIHU MUHAMMAD; & SULEIMAN MUHAMMAD ALIYU
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Faculty of Environmental Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, P.M.B 0248, Bauchi State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The focus of this study is to evaluate the intrinsic factors responsible for residential properties investment returns in Nassarawa Local Government Area, Kano State.The study adopted the use of quantitative approach and data were collected through questionnaire survey from estate surveyors and valuers proportionate selected from target population in Nasarawa local Government Kano metropolis. The data collected was subjected to descriptive with mean ranking. Quantitative approach is employed using questionnaire survey, 39 practicing Estate surveying and Valuation firms in Kano Metropolis were adopted, purposive sampling technique was adopted, primary and secondary data were collected. A five-point Likert scale was used to weight the respondent’s opinions on the research questions. A total of 39questionnaires was administered. The collected data were analysed using mean and standard deviation. The result indicated that size of garage or parking space, size of bedrooms, position and size of bedroom were the most highly intrinsic factor responsible for residential property investment return in the study area. This was revealed from mean scores of 3.37, 3.35 and 3.32 respectively. Similarly, with regard to extrinsic factors building characteristic appear to be the most highly factor responsible for residential property return in the study area with mean of 3.714. Government to improve the level of accessibility so their tax will be improving through betterment tax while for the residential property developer it will improve the level of their return when accessibility is provided or upgraded, to the occupier the findings will help them to have a better-quality neighbourhood.
Keywords: Intrinsic factor, Investment, Return, Residential, Properties, Investment
THE NATURE OF GREEN BUILDING DEVELOPMENT IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
IBITOYE JOSEPH OLAYIMIKA; IBRAHIM IDRIS; SANI IBRAHIM AKUYAM; & AHMED IBRAHIM KUNA
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Faculty of Environmental Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, P.M.B 0248, Bauchi State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The focus of this study is to determine the nature of green building development in Abuja, Nigeria, with a view to provides information that will enhance investment in green buildings. The study adopted the use of a quantitative approach and data were collected through a questionnaire survey from property developers. Also, 60 structured questionnaires were distributed to the respondents and SPSS software version 22 was used for data analysis. Therefore, the finding of this study reported that the major nature of green building development were economic rewards, compliance with legislator, ability to command good resell value and Financial payback value and they were found to be high with mean values of (M= 4.8246, std. deviation = 0.71020), (M= 4.8070, std. deviation = 0.74255), (M= 4.8070, std. deviation = 0.78918) and (M= 4.8070, std. deviation = 0.71810) and were ranked from 1st to 4th respectively, while the least nature of green building development were strategy to promote green building and ease of operation of building facilities in Abuja.The study recommended that the government should put in place a policies that can add the interest of the developers and users to sustain the current trend and interest in the development of green buildings.
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF LAND USE PLANNING ON PROPERTY TAXATION IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA
OREKAN, ATINUKE ADEBIMPE
Department Of Estate Management, College of Environmental Sciences, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This research was conducted to inquire the effect of land use planning system on property taxation in Ogun state. The target population of the study are the senior government officials at the Ministry of Physical planning and Urban Development. Structured questionnaires were administered to 16 senior planning officers at the ministry. Results were analysed using relative importance index and frequency table. The study revealed the tools that are in use in land use planning in Ogun state; these are manual digitizing of existing map, use of GIS, manual recording from application, etc. It was however revealed that mapping has not really been used as a planning tool in the study area, thus contributing to the inadequacy and incomplete of property data in the study area. This which has affected the assessment of property values since they are not made according to property specification. The study concluded that for adequate and efficient land- use policies and a better sustainable environment, there should be appropriate implementation and monitoring of land use planning, and policies; ensure enforcement of land use planning by the society and creation of adequate development standards. The study concluded that it is Pertinent for government to examine issues that have been identified as a major set-backs in realizing the objectives of land policy system in the state. This will definitely improve government revenue from land resources and also to be able to accommodate growth and development in the state.
Keynotes: Land, Land Use Planning, Taxation, Property.
STUDENTS ‘SATISFACTION WITH HOSTEL FACILITIES PROVISION IN FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECH) GOMBE, GOMBE STATE
IBRAHIM, JIBRIN; NNEOMA, IROAGANACHI VIOLET; ADEGBENGA, ADEYEMI; & TELA, GORGOR
Department of Estate Management and Valuation. Faculty of Environmental Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, University, Bauchi P.M.B 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The study focused on the students ’satisfaction in Federal College of Education, Gombe. Relevant related literature was reviewed, where by primary and secondary data were collected. A five-point Likert scale was used to weight the respondent’s opinions on the research questions. A total of three hundred (370) and seventy questionnaires were administered to the students, out of which three hundred and thirty-six (336) questionnaire were retrieved and analyzedusing Statistical Packages for Social Sciences, with frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation to know the level of the student satisfaction with the facilities provided in the study area. The result indicated that Waste Disposal Facilities is the most highly provided Facilities and Fire Safety Facilities is the facility they satisfied with in the study area. This was revealed from mean scores of M=4.93 and M= 4.96 respectively. This indicated that facilities provision was significant predictors of facilities satisfaction hence, was having strong influence on student satisfaction with the hostel facilities. Recommendation is that, there is need for massive improvement in provision of some facilities by the Government to meet academic global standard.
QUALITATIVE BEHAVIOUR OF BIOCHEMICAL-OXYGEN DEMAND AND DISSOLVED-OXYGEN INTERACTIONS FOR A MILD ENVIRONMENTAL PERTURBATION ON DODO RIVER
1I.E. NWAFOR; & 2R.E. AKPODEE
1Institutes of Geoscience and Environmental Management. 2Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Rivers State University.
ABSTRACT
In studying the qualitative behaviour of biochemical-oxygen demand (BOD) and dissolved-oxygen (DO) interactions for a mild environmental perturbation on the BOD, we have used a computational method of the Runge-Kutta ODE45 numerical scheme for the analysis. The results outputs shows that due to a slight change in the initial condition of the inclusion of a mild random environmental perturbation value of RNI=0.1 on the BOD coordinate for DO(IC=4.13) and BOD(IC=2.08) portrays a threat to the aquatic environment as the grey areas indicates a depletion in the coordinates of the DO down the trend, based on the monotonic decrease in the relative abundance of the DO coordinate with a critical DOmc = 2.0295 against the actual DOc = 2.6357 at the 21st day and recovery at DOm = 1.8670 against actual recovery DO = 2.6677 on the 26th day of our experimental time before the control. In the same scenario, due to the inclusion of a mild environmental perturbation on the BOD coordinates for a random noise intensity value of 0.1, we observed a slight gain in the coordinate of the BOD with BOD0 (IC = 2.08) on the base day which depleted to BODm = 1.3714 against the actual BOD = 1.5171 on the Sixth (6th) day. The BODm coordinates due to the modification, fluctuates drastically from BODm = 1.3714 on the sixth (6th) day to a converging (saturating) value of BODm = 0.4248 on the 361st day of our experimental time. The detailed results of this study is fully presented and discussed accordingly.
Keywords: Random Noise Intensity, Environmental Perturbation Biochemical-Oxygen Demand, Dissolved Oxygen, Numerical Simulation, Biological Extinction, Model Parameters.
THE EFFECT OF FORM IN PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN APPROACHING ENERGY EFFICIENCY
ABDULJALAL AMINU BAWA; & ZAKARI ABDULLAHI TIJJANI
Department of Architecture, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil.
ABSTRACT
The ingress of solar radiation and exposure to wind are major factors influenced by forms of building, it entails the rate at which the external building envelop gains or losses heat. Building form plays a vital role in the ventilation of building by the pattern of airflow around the building. Hence, it is essential to utilize solar energy for the purpose of thermal comfort within interior spaces towards achieving a passive solar design where the building form benefits from the natural energy and air from the sun. Therefore, reducing the amount of manmade energy required for heating or cooling of internal spaces within a building aims towards achieving an energy efficient design and buildings. Various traditional forms of building were known to be excellent indicators of appropriate building forms based on particular climates which have been further developed reaching the 21 st century. In regions of very low temperatures, where temperatures within buildings must be kept higher than the external temperature, building form was used to achieve energy efficiency based on passive solar design, thereby reducing the number of surfaces at the external envelope of these buildings so as to attain a minimum transmission of heat moving out of the interior spaces. As the volume of the compact forms increases, the area decreases and the transmission heat loss is diminished. An igloo, for example, utilizes an optimum surface area/volume (S/V) – ratio and is particularly suitable for the climate conditions in cold regions. But S / V-optimized forms alone do not create truly habitable solar architecture. According to Tian , Liu Y and Yang Z (2016). Building form has significant effects on energy use in buildings especially in cold climate regions. The research is focused on exploring the influences of parameters relevant to building forms on energy use for office buildings in Harbin, china. The results show that the number of floors is the only dominant variable that affects annual heating energy use intensity, while the overall building scale is the most critical factor influencing both cooling and electricity use per unit floor area. Considering the current trends of the construction industry, this paper would entail analysis to determine suitable choice of building form. Thus, it can be achieved by exploring the shape of buildings without hindrances, which is anchored by the utilization of the natural solar energy to achieve habitable spaces and energy efficient buildings.
Keywords: Building Form, Passive Solar, Architecture, Energy efficiency
EXAMINATION OF THE CONCEPT OF RESILIENCE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT OF KADUNA METROPOLIS IN NIGERIA
ISA SANI MOHAMMED1, ANAS MUHAMMAD2 AND UWEMEDIMO WILSON3
1 &3Department of Civil Engineering, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna State, Nigeria. 2Department of Quantity Surveying, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Resilient cities are cities that have the ability to absorb, recover and prepare for future shocks in economic, social, environment and institutional issues. Resilient cities promote sustainable development, well-being and inclusive growth. The concept of resilient cities focuses on the economy, governance, society and environment. The aim of the study is to examine the concept of resilience in the management of the built environment of Kaduna metropolis in Nigeria based on the following objectives: the identification of concepts of resilient cities; establishing the barriers to the actualization of resilience city within Kaduna metropolis; and determination of the drivers enhancing the management of resilience cities. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed to respondents (i.e., Consultants, Contractors, Clients and End-users). A total of 113 valid questionnaires were retrieved from the survey which represents 57% of valid response rate and subsequently analysed using descriptive statistics with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). It was established that, extensive coordination, maintaining adaptability, divergent time horizons, and diverse outcomes amongst others as barriers to the actualization of resilient cities. These barriers can be overcome by these established drivers; provision of essential resources required to meet a person’s basic physiological needs, supports livelihoods and employment, integrated health facilities & services, & responsive emergency services, community engagement, social networks & integration, law enforcement, and contingency planning amongst others. Conclusively, these determined-drivers will play a significant role in Enhancing Resilience of Environmental System within cities/towns which will further help in achieving urbanization and habitable cities.
Keywords: Concept of resilient cities, drivers of resilient cities, barriers to resilient cities, built environment.
ASSESSMENT OF PASSIVE DESIGN MEASURES FOR CRIME CONTROL IN SHOPPING CENTRES IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
S.S. ABDULLAHI; & O.K. AKANDE
Department of Architecture, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Nigerians have been witnessing a class struggle among developers and investors competing for who builds the largest shopping centres. However, some of these shopping centres are being abused by a few patronisers who hide under the guise of shopping to engage in some indecent and criminal activities. The shopping centre business concept has not only boosted the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) and created jobs but has provided recreation and relaxation centres for those who have the financial capacity to patronize them. A major challenge is that the building design and security planning phases of most of these shopping centres seem to be running independently of each other, as opposed to working together to achieve a fully secured building. This paper examines the effects of passive design features on active security installation in large shopping centres. To achieve the desired objectives, data obtained through primary and secondary sources comprised the use of structured observation schedules and questionnaires. A total of 240 questionnaires were distributed to security personnel in 30 selected shopping centres using a stratified sampling method. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data obtained. The results showed the level of effectiveness of the existing passive design features in the installation of security elements. It is recommended that the design of shopping centres bearing cognizance of passive design should extend to the provision of maximum security.
Keywords: Building; effectiveness; passive design; security; shopping centres.
EFFECT OF ARTISANAL SMALL-SCALE MINING ON AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES IN PAPI AND KOROKPAN COMMUNITIES IN BOSSO AND PAIKORO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
NDAGI, HAUWA; & PROF. T. I. YAHAYA
Department of Geography, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Despite artisanal small-scale mining sector serving as means of livelihood to many people especially the poor and the vulnerable in rural communities and significantly contributing to GDP, there has been great concern about the sector’s potential destruction to arable farmlands. It is therefore important to evaluate the effects of artisanal small scale mining on agricultural practices in Papi and Korokpan communities in Bosso and Paikoro Local Government Areas, Niger State, Nigeria. The data used in this study were collected directly from field survey, personal interview and questionnaire. The methods of data analysis include digital image processing, image classification, image classification and accuracy assessment, indicators analysis and frequency-percentage. The result revealed that destruction of farmlands ranked the highest with 31.1% of the respondents, low agricultural produce ranked second with 23.2% of the respondents, destruction of farmers’ livelihood income ranked third with 19.4%, contamination of water bodies with chemicals ranked forth with 17.1% of the sampled population and lack of measures to reclaim the destroyed farmlands ranked the least with 92% of the sampled population. This revealed that majority of the sampled population affirmed that the major impact was destruction of farmlands in the study area which is their major source of food security. The effect of ASM on food security was measured based on three dimensions; i.e. economic, environmental and health impact of ASM on food security by the indigene engaged in it. Table 4 shows the economic impact of ASM on food security in the study areas. Regarding ASM and its economic impact, 211 (60.3%) of the respondents agreed to the fact that ASM affect the livelihood of indigenes positively while 139 (39.7%) of the respondents disagreed. In support of majority assertion, they postulated that ASM have affected their economic status positively due to increased income as a result of gold sales in short-run. The increased income has increased their purchasing power and access and utilization of food that is made available. In the long-run 103 (29.4%) respondents in study area agreed to the fact that ASM will continue to affect their livelihood positively, 247 (70.6%) disagreed and asserted that in the long-run ASM will affect their livelihood negatively. Based on the findings, the study concludes that the activities of ASM has negatively affected all dimensions of farming activities in Papi and Korokpan communities in Bosso and Paikoro Local Government Areas except economic access for non-miners. The study also concludes that the activities of ASM in the communities has negatively affected food production and has plunged majority of non-miners in the community into food insecurity and poverty. In order to reduce food insecurity in the affected two communities and the two Local Government Areas, Niger State Government in collaboration with the affected two Local Government Areas to acquire vast farming land from non affected communities, this land should be protected from miners and should be given to persons willing to farm at a very high discounted rate.
Keywords: Mining, Artisanal, Small-scale mining, and Agricultural Produce
AN EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF VOID ON RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT RETURNS IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
EMMANUEL OLORUNTAYO; & RUKAYAT OGUNBAJO
Department of Estate Management & Valuation, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Real estate investment is ventured into with expectation of having profitable returns on the huge capital outlay through income of rent or outright sale. However, rent expectation is usually jeopadised by void which occurs in the economic lifetime of the property. This study evaluates the effect of void on residential real estate investment returns. Population of the study are the practicing Estate Surveying and Valuation Firms and Real Estate Agents that operates within the study area. Data were collected using questionnaire and observation method, opinion on factors responsible for void and the effect were gathered. Data on void within the period of 10 years (2011 – 2021) on each property sampled were collected and analysed. High rent was discovered to be the most significance factor responsible for void in the study area while landlord loss of rent is the principal negative effect of void followed by loss of revenue by the government and reduction of property value. The rate at which void affect the investment returns of the residential real estates in the study area are as follows: 1bedroom flat 8%, 2bedroom flat 24%, 3bedroom flat 30%, 4bedroom flat 34%, bungalow 33%, duplex 39% and others (mansion/town house) 55%. The study recommended certain measures to be taken in order to address the menace of void, such measures include downward review of rent, imposition of tax by the government on void properties and professional advice in residential real estate investment decisions particularly determination of rent and sales price.
Keywords: Real estate, void, investment returns, rent, sale price.
ANALYZING THE VARIATION IN RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY RENTAL VALUES IN MINNA AND ENVIRONS, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
MAIMUNA, B. K.; & KEMIKI, O.A
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study analysed variations in residential property rental values in Minna and environs, Nigeria. The target population and sample for the study comprised of rented residential properties and tenants who are the household heads occupying the residential properties in Minna as well as registered Estate Surveyors and Valuers firms in Minna. Purposive Sampling technique was used in the sampling procedure to pick the tenants and twelve registered Estate Surveyors and valuers firms. A total of 250 questionnaires were administered on the occupants of tenanted residential properties using the neighbourhood approach. Geometric mean was used to obtain the rental growth rate for the period of study for two bedroom and three bedroom flats. Standard Deviation and Coefficient of Variation, Relative importance index (RII), Simple Descriptive Statistics were adopted in achieving the set objectives. The results indicates that rental trend for three bedroom flat within the study period changed from 1.59% in 2011 to 8.36% in 2017 and in 2020 dropped to 4.61%. For two bedroom flat within the study period changed from 1.51% in 2012 to 7.92% in 2017 and dropped to 5.59% in 2020. This indicates that the variation was more in 2017 across the neighbourhoods as the average rental value of two bedroom flats within the study period was 24.4% for Bosso town and 13.03% for Chanchaga. For three bedroom, Shango has the highest with 18.9% while Fadikpe has the lowest with 9.9% level of variation. A number of factors such as physical, location and neighbourhood characteristics of residential property determined the rental values of residential property in the study area as they played significant role in influencing tenants’ choice of accommodation in the various neighbourhoods across the study area The result also identified dominant factors such as condition of the building, size of the building, number of bedrooms, number of toilets and bathrooms, quality of the neighbourhood, direct access to tarred road and presence of tertiary institution, banks and public offices influencing tenants’ choice of accommodation in each neighbourhood. In conclusion, the research indicates that there is variation in residential property rental values in Minna, Nigeria. Conclusively, variations are attributed primarily to factors that determine residential property rental values and therefore it is recommended that landlords seeking optimum return from their residential property investment should focus on improving the physical and structural characteristics of the property like the condition and size of the building, number or toilets and bathrooms and also number of bedrooms.
Keywords: Estate, Value, property, residential and neighbourhood.
EVALUATION OF COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN HOUSING FINANCE IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN KWARA STATE
IBRAHIM, ABDULLAHI TAIYE; & ABASS, IYANDA SULE
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The contribution of cooperative societies as an informal institution has been lauded by various author as a vehicle to housing finance. This study therefore seek to evaluate cooperative societies in tertiary institution in Kwara State. For the purpose of this work five (5) institutional based cooperative societies was selected and the instrument of data collection was a well-developed questionnaire (359) administered to members and officials of cooperative societies but only 270 was properly filled and this formed the basis of generalization. The results indicates the level of participation activities in finance/loan, At-Taqwa cooperative societies ranks first, Kwara State College of Education Cooperative Societies ranked 2nd and Al-Hikmah Cooperatie societies ranked 3rd and BUSCOM ranked 5th with a mean of 4.067. On acquisition of land At-Taqwa Cooperative ranks 1st with a mean of 4.500, KWCOE Cooperative societies ranked 2nd with a mean of 4.472 and Al-Hikmah ranks last with a mean of 3.317. For the construction activities BUSCOM ranked 1st with a mean of 1.907 followed by At-taqwa cooperative which rank 2nd and Al-Hikmah ranked 5th with a mean of 1.366. Also, CS is statistically significance with NHF with sig level of 0.000 which is less than 0.005. (0.000˂0.005). The study suggest that since it is established that CS play a significant role in housing finance, National Housing Policy of Nigeria should be reviewed by incorporating cooperative societies into the policy for a combined effect in housing finance.
Keywords: Informal institution, cooperative societies, finance, National Housing Fund, Tertiary institution
DETERMINANTS OF COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE RENTAL VARIATION IN ILORIN, NIGERIA
FATIMA BINTA ABDULMALIK; & NAMNSO BASSEY UDOEKANEM
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The goal of any real estate investor is to maximize return. However, property investment is characterized by a huge initial capital outlay and is influenced by some key factors. Thus, it is pertinent that the nature and characteristics of the rental value are understood to enhance property market penetration. This study assessed the influence of these key factors on commercial property rental variation in the commercial areas of Ilorin, Kwara State. Primary data for the study were collected from commercial property occupiers and estate surveyors and valuers operating within these areas. The study utilized descriptive analytical techniques and multiple regression to analyze the variation in rental performance on the rental value and general investment performance of commercial properties in Ilorin. Results of data analysis revealed an increasing trend of rental values over the years under study, influenced by a combination of economic and non-economic determinants. With the economic challenges currently faced due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the economic implications of the pandemic on the rental performance of commercial properties in the city require a carefully designed strategy to minimize the vacancy rate.
Keywords: Commercial Real Estate, Rents, Rental Variation, Ilorin.
AN ASSESSMENT OF CORPORATE PROPERTY ASSETS MANAGEMENT (A CASE STUDY OF NATIONAL CEREALS RESEARCH INSTITUTE NCRI BADEGGI)
MUSA HADIZA TALATU; & DR. U. J. ADAMA
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State Nigeria
ABSTRACT
One major challenge confronting developing countries like Nigeria is that of inadequate provision and maintenance of corporate public assets and their worsening state is usually linked to inadequate and inefficient management culture. The aim of the study is to assess how corporate property assets are managed in the Nigerian Cereals and Research Institute NCRI, Badeggi, Niger state and this was achieved by identifying the categories of assets in the organization, the condition of these assets, examining the factors influencing their present condition and the identification of the management strategy that is adopted in the management of the assets in the study area. Data was collected with the use of questionnaires, personal observation and oral interview. Based on the Snowball’s non-probabilistic sampling techniques, a sample size of 24 respondents was chosen. Finding showed that, though the office complexes and staff quarters are in good condition, many facilities and infrastructures in the Institute are performing below specification and many of them have lost their economic value. Factor considered by the respondents for the poor state of assets in the study area include lack of maintenance policy with Relative Importance Index (RII) of 0.9904761905, misuse of assets by the users with RII of 0.9333333333 and Lack of timely response to maintenance work with RII of 0.8285714286. The less important factors include lack of experienced and well trained building maintenance personnel, inadequate provision of fund for maintenance and corruption with RII values of 0.7809523810, 0.7904761905 and 0.7619047619 respectively. The absence of efficient culture of maintenance is partly due to the absence of a clear-cut corporate assets maintenance policy. It was recommended that the institute should introduce effective monitoring and evaluation scheme, make adequate allocation of fund for assets management, develop a technical know-how on how to maintain and manage the procured properties, instill the spirit of patriotism and ownership among users of these assets, develop a legal framework on assets management, develop the political will to punish staff who are careless with properties in their custody and reward committed members of staff with regards to management of assets in their custody.
Keywords: Assets, Property, Facility, Management, Maintenance.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF INDISCRIMINATE LOCATION OF PETROL RETAIL STATIONS IN URBAN MINNA, NIGER STATE NIGERIA
*MAMMMAN IBRAHIM; *SULEIMAN Y. MOHAMMED; & **JIBRIN ABDULLAHI
*Dept. of Geography, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. **Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal polytechnic Bida, Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The study aim’s at assessing the environmental impact of indiscriminate location of petrol retail stations in urban Minna. The study Map out the Petrol Retail Stations in Minna Township, Examined the distributional pattern of the petrol retail stations and assess their conformity with planning standards; even though most petrol retail station do not comply with the standard of 50-meter distance from well water sources. The research adopted field survey, coordinate of the stations were obtained using Geographical Positioning System (GPS) to collect primary data; Garmin™ Etrex handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver of 4.5 m accuracy. A Buffer width of 250meters recommended by Palfrey and Bradley, was used to provide a buffer zone. Results were presented on imageries and Maps. (GIS) was also used in identifying the existing petrol filling stations as well as conducting queries to assess the level of compliance of the petrol filling stations with extant planning standards. The research throws light on to the physio-chemical analysis of Well water sources in Minna metropolis, eight different well were compared: The parameters such as water temperature, total dissolved solid, pH, conductivity and Total petrol hydrocarbon (TPH) were analysed. In this study, Total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration affects different aspects of the water quality, it can be concluded that eight (8) underground water sources out of the ten (10) shows the presence of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH). Only one well (Well 5) with 4.8 TPH concentrations was within the permissible limit of 5.0 mg/l. The study recommends wells that are to be used for domestic purposes should be cited far away from Petroleum Filling stations so as to reduce the number of Hydrocarbons that may get into the underground water sources and in unavoidable cases, water treatment should be embraced.
Keywords: Keywords: Filling stations; water quality, Physicochemical Parameters, spatial distribution, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH).
COVID-19 PANDEMIC: CHALLENGES AND EMERGING PROPERTY MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN JOS, PLATEAU STATE NIGERIA
AYUBA BITRUS1, ALFAZAZI MOHAMMED OKUGYA2 MOSES AUGUSTINE AREN3
1 Department of Estate Management, Bingham University, Karu, Nigeria. 2Department of estate Management, Baze University Abuja, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The study aimed at investigating the challenges associated with property management during the Covid 19 period and the strategies adopted to guarantee adequate returns from real properties. A survey approach was adopted and data were retrieved from estate surveying and valuation firms. Findings revealed the major challenges of property management during the covid-19 period to includes failure to remit rent as at when due, difficulties in carrying out routine property inspection and longer period of void in properties. The study recommends the adoption of digital strategies for property management.
APPLICATIONS OF GIS IN THE BIDA BASIN HYDROCARBON EXPLORATION NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
1JIYA, S.N, 2OBAJE, N.G AND 2AWEDA, K.A
1Department of Geography Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State. 2Department of Geology and Mining, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State.
ABSTRACT
A previous study on the hydrocarbon prospectivity evaluation of the Bida Basin by a team of geologists at the Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Lapai, funded by the Niger State Government was able to delineate some prospective areas in the basin. The most prospective areas defined in that study are the Pattishabakolo, Kandi, and the Ahoko-Agbaja prospective areas. The study achieved its objectives based on preliminary geological prospectivity mapping, aeromagnetic geophysical and organic geochemical assessments. The study however did not give specific GPS-defined locations for the drilling of the wild-cats, neither did the study relate its finding to environmental and social impacts that may arise as a results of future exploration, drilling and production activities on the settlement patterns, population, vegetation and farmlands. This project uses different applications of Geographic Information System (GIS) to consolidate the earlier study to define specific drilling locations and to relate these locations to the settlement patterns, population, vegetation, biodiversity and farmlands in the locations and surroundings.
Keywords: Geographic Information System (GIS), Hydrocarbon Prospectivity, Bida Basin Exploration, Drilling Locations, Settlement Patterns.
REMOTE EVALUATION OF SEDIMENTATION OF ELEYELE RESERVIOR, IBADAN, OYO STATE, NIGERIA: THE SATELLITE DERIVED BATHYMETRIC APPROACH
LATIFAT OLAIDE OYELAKIN; & SIMEON OLUWOLE OGUNLADE (PhD)
1Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Federal School of Surveying, P. M. B. 1024, Oyo, Oyo state, Nigeria. 2Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. 3C/O Surv. Oyelakin, Latifat Olaide, Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Faculty of Geospatial Sciences, Federal School of Surveying, P. M. B. 1024, Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The availability of water in adequate quantity is fundamental to sustainability of the environment thus artificial impoundments called dams are constructed to conserve water resources for a variety of purposes ranging from domestic to industrial uses. Eleyele reservoir, constructed in 1942, has been subjected to severe sedimentation since its construction thus unable to cater to water demands of users in Ibadan and environ. This study adopted Satellite-Derived Bathymetric (SDB) approach to evaluate the rate and volume of sediments deposit in the reservoir between 2001 and 2020. Landsat imagery constitute the main input data while other ancillary data utilised include SRTM, rainfall, Goggle Earth imagery, digitised map, etc. The methodology involves a comparative analysis of depths of shallow water body derived through the processing of satellite imagery at different epochs. The satellite derived bathymetry was calibrated with ground truth data. The obtained bathymetric data showed that the deposited sediment between 2001 and 2006 was 66.05%, 29.62% between 2006 and 2011, 66.08% between 2011 and 2016 and between 2016 and 2020 sediment deposited was 35.81%. The result analysis showed that remote sensing data can be used in determining the depth of water, total sediment thickness, sediment removal systems, catchment management practices, and periodic desilting.
Keywords: Satellite imageries, sedimentation, digital image processing, satellite derived bathymetry, spatial analysis.
CLASSIFICATION OF URBAN REGIONS IN NORTHERN NIGERIA USING MULTI-MODAL INTERREGIONAL PASSENGER FLOWS
DAHIRU UMAR ABUBAKAR1, DR MAARUF SANI2, DR ASHIRU BELLO2, DR A. O. SHITTU2
1Dept of Urban & Regional Planning, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa. 2Dept of Urban & Regional Planning, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
ABSTRACT
It is important that urban regions are identified and classified for the purpose of policy, planning and provision of infrastructure, as the size and hierarchy of an urban region determine what type and hierarchy of infrastructure is provided therein. This study identifies fourteen urban regions in Northern Nigeria based on population threshold of 500,000 and classifies them using both morphological and functional approaches. Population sizes, population density, landmass and passenger flows were the criteria used for the classification, with the first three being morphological and the last being functional. Gravity model was applied in determining the expected passenger for each of the urban regions. As part of population criterion, application of rank size rule was tested with the results showing that Nigerian cities are averse to its application. Positions of the urban regions in the ranking keeps changing as different criteria were deployed and so, weighted index number method had to be applied based on a maximum score of 10 points to arrive at the final ranking. Kano urban region consistently tops the ranking, taking the whole of the points followed by Abuja, Kaduna, Jos, Zaria and Maiduguri in this order with Lafia urban region ranked last. It was recommended that planners, policy makers and government should adopt this ranking in planning and policy formulation for urban regions in Northern Nigeria.
KEYWORDS: Urban regions, classification of urban regions, Passenger flows, interregional passenger flow and Gravity model
UTILIZATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIALS FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION, IN KADUNA STATE
SHU’AIBU, DABO; MOHAMMED, B. J.; MURJANATU, A.; & JOSHUA, G. D
Department of Geography, Federal College of Education Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Alternative energy provisions depend largely on the availability of natural resources such as sunlight, wind or biomass, all of which are readily available in Nigeria. This research investigated the renewable energy potentials of Nigeria with special attention and consideration to solar energy potentials in Kaduna state. Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques were applied to map the solar energy potential sites of the study area using the spatial analysis tools in ArcGIS software 3.0. Results from the study revealed a strong correlation between the ground measured and satellite measured solar monthly mean daily values of global solar radiation in the study area, indicating that Kaduna state has significant potentials for harnessing solar energy. Further analysis revealed that the solar energy potential sites in the state can be classified into areas of high, moderate and low potentials. The maximum insolation values in Kaduna State were recorded between the Months of March and May. Therefore, the optimum times for harnessing solar energy in the area are the months of March and April. The research concluded with recommendations to raise awareness and encourage the use of solar energy sources to mitigate the impact of climate change.
Keywords: Renewable energy, Solar energy, Potentials, Climate change, Kaduna
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF ROAD PROVISION ON PROPERTY RETURNS.IN BOSSO ESTATE, MINNA, NIGERIA
SULEIMAN YAKUBU
Baze University, Abuja, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The paper assesses the effect on property investment returns, of public capital investment (budgetary expenditures) on road infrastructure in Bosso Estate, Minna (Nigeria) with the aim of establishing the degree of impact of public capital investment on property investment returns. The paper covers an important policy and practice issue regarding the impact of government spending on the real estate industry. The government is keen to know the areas of greater impact of its expenditures and the extent to which the benefits from the effect may go in enhancing or providing funds (through tax) for new road infrastructure provision or repair of existing ones as it faces funding challenges in providing new infrastructure or improving existing ones. The before-and-after case method is employed in the study to the increase in property values (rental and sales). The findings demonstrate that once budgetary expenditure (road reconstruction) occurred, property investment returns in the area increased. The findings serve as the foundation for the government’s decision to provide more funds for budgetary allocations and expenditures connected to the infrastructure for road provision. The findings also estimate the potential for capturing the rise in returns from real estate investments as a potential alternative funding source through property.
Keywords: Effect, budgetary expenditures, property, investment returns, road.
EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF DESIGN QUALITY INDICATORS IN THE TETFUND BUILDINGS: A CASE STUDY OF KADUNA POLYTECHNIC
OLANIYI, BISIRIYU OLAYIWOLA
Department of Architecture, College of Environmental Science (CES), Kaduna Polytechnic, Barnawa Campus, Kaduna. NIGERIA.
ABSTRACT
There has been concern about quality with TETFund intervention buildings more so that the quality of academic environment has been established having significant effect on qualities of education delivered. This demands the establishment of influence of UK-CIC Design Quality Indicators on purposefully selected academic oriented buildings. Based on this, a case study research that was conducted in Kaduna Polytechnic two major campuses. Data was collected through visual survey and participant observation, interviews and administration of questionnaires. Analysis and report was done using quantitative and qualitative methods. The software package used is statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) fashion 19.0 and Microsoft Excel. Key findings of the study revealed that proper funding from committed source was responsible for higher level of commitment of designer and contractors hence maximum benefit of quality of design and construction. TETFund is enjoying a good reputation for delivering of projects on time and within budget and of good quality. The result of coefficient of analysis of variance was less than 0.05 which revealed that more of Design Quality Indicators (DQI) are used on TETFund projects. It is therefore an assertion that the use of DQI is very significant for quality of TETFund building projects.
Keywords: Exploration, Effects, Design Quality Indicators (DQI), Building Quality, TETFund Buildings.
EFFECT OF MARKET FORCES ON HOUSING AFFORDABILITY OF JUNIOR STAFF IN A FREE MARKET IN SOME HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN BAUCHI, BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
DANJUMA KOPMANG; & LARABA YAKUBU BABAS
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, School of Environmental Technology, Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi, P.M.B 0094, Wuntin Dada, Jos Road, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of market forces on housing affordability of junior staff in a free market in some higher educational institutions in Bauchi, Bauchi Nigeria, with a view of determining the market forces influencing housing affordability of the junior staff in free market.The factors that affect the market forces of demand and supply were analysed. Survey research design using quantitative approach was adopted. A sample size of 116 were selected through the stratified and systematic sampling techniques.. The data collected were analysed using SPSS software statistical tools. The level of influence effect of demand factors on housing affordability was 16.3% medium significant (p<0.001). The level of influence of effect of supply factors on housing affordability was 07% weak significant (p 0.017). The major determinants of the supply of housing are prevailing economic condition, access to and cost of land, cost of labour, interest rates on loan and access to adequate housing finance are the first five factors that have high influence on the supply of housing. The government at all levels especially the federal government should engage the services of the professionals (economic experts) to help improve the economy of the country as it has a multiplier effect on the citizenry especially the low income earners because the present economic condition is having a negative influence on the affordability of the low income earners.
Keywords: Market forces, junior staff, Housing Affordability, Higher Institution
EFFECT OF BANANA LEAVE ASH ON THE MICRO, PHYSICAL, AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CEMENT PASTE AND CONCRETE
*SHOLADOYE, I. O.; **ALIYU I.; & *BITRUS E. A.
*Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State, Nigeria **Civil Engineering Department, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna State
ABSTRACT
Concrete is most widely used construction material due to its good compressive strength and durability. The increasing demand in cement as constituent of concrete has inspired researchers in both developed and developing countries around the world to explore and consider alternative materials as partial replacement of cement both in concrete and in mortar. Banana Leaves Ash (BLA) was used as partial replacement of cement in concrete. Microanalysis inform of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD) was carried out on the powdered BLA and the lateritic soil and it oxide composition using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). The FTIR of the hydrated banana leave ash and cement was also carried out after 28 days of curing. Concrete cubes were produced using various replacement levels of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent of Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with BLA. A total of 45 cubes of size 100 x 100 x 100 mm were produced and cured by immersing in water for 7, 14, and 28 days respectively. Properties such as density, aggregate impact value, aggregate crushing value, standard consistency, sieve analysis, specific gravity, soundness, slump test, and compressive strength were determined. The XRD microanalysis test shows the presence of calcite, quartz, Sylvite and Magantite at 56 %, 25 %, 13 % and 6 %. XRF chemical composition results shows BLA of SiO2 at 27.37 %, Al2O3 of 2.21 % and Fe2O3 of 1.41 %. This compounds it is pozzolanic. BLA was acting as a retarder as it delays the initial and final setting time of OPC Grade 42.5 at 15 and 20%. All other preliminary test met the requirement. The target grade of 15 N/mm2 was achieved at replacement of up to 5 % for the compressive strength.
Keywords: Banana Leave Ash, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Compressive strength
FIRE SAFETY: AN INDISPENSIBLE DESIGN CONSIDERATION IN SKYSCRAPPERS BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
AGBODIKE CHINEDU CHIGOZIE
Department of Architecture, Federal Polytechnic, PMB 1012, Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State.
ABSTRACT
Buildings need to be designed to offer an acceptable level of fire safety and minimise the risks from heat and smoke. the primary objective is to reduce to within acceptable limits the potential for death or injury to the occupants of a building and others who may become involved such as the fire and rescue service, as well as to protect contents and ensure that as much as possible of a building, that it can continue to function after a fire and that it can be repaired. However, the design and layout of a building, in conjunction with the materials used and style of construction, play a key role in preventing the spread of flames and smoke and in allowing the safe evacuation of people from the premises in the event of a fire. over the years, the high rise buildings, being a unique type of building have garnered significant attention with respect to fire safety, throughout the world. The multiple floors present in the high rise buildings makes great number of persons to travel long vertical distances by the stair, elevators, during an evacuation. In the course of this, the Federal, State, bodies responsible for ensuring that codes are abided with, in the erection of skyscrapers, the owners of such buildings, and even residents within and around adjoining buildings to the skyscrapers are all affected by high rise building’s safety. It is to this effect that the author had chosen to highlight the indispensable nature of fire safety as a design consideration in the construction of skyscrapers. The brief introduction talks about the design and construction of the skyscraper, highlight of top design and build considerations in skyscrapers construction of which fire safety is inclusive, definition of keywords as fire, safety, causes of fire outbreak in buildings, general approach to fire safety, fire safety strategies, etc. From the aforementioned above, it has become imperative to ensure adequate fire safety in our skyscrapers building design construction hence this report.
Keywords: Fire, Safety, Indispensable, Design, Skyscrapers, Building Construction.
AN APPROACH TO EFFECTIVENESS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS IN CONTEMPORARY NIGERIA AND THE WAY FORWARD
1ANYANWU I.U.; 2ALLWELL ANABA; 3IMAGA I. 4LEKWA DIOKA MARVIS; 5UWOMA BLESSING; 6MBA K. MBA; 6KALU C. IJEKPA.
1Department of Urban and Regional Planning, 2Department of Geoinformatics & Surveying, 3Department of Building Technology, 4Department of Civil Engineering, 5Department of Estate Management, 6Department of Architecture.
ABSTRACT
Transportation, the movement of goods and persons from place to place and the various means by which such movement is accomplished Over the years, transportation has contributed immensely to the economic development of Nigeria and the world at large.The study focused on the transportation systems and economic development in Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to ascertain the effect of road transport system on economic development in Nigeria, to examine the effect of rail transport system on economic development in Nigeria and to examine the effect of water transport system on economic development in Nigeria. The population of the study comprised all the management and administrative staff of Peace Mass Transit Nigeria Ltd, Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA), Royal Mass Transit Ltd and Eastern Mass Transit Ltd respectively which brought the total to 980. A sample size of 284 was drawn from the population using Taro Yamani’s statistical formula. The content validity and reliability tests of the research instrument were established. Survey method was used and copies of questionnaire were administered to 284 respondents through personal contact and 280 copies of questionnaire were returned which formed the basis for data analysis. Data were analyzed using percentage and frequency distribution tables. Three hypotheses were formulated and tested with Simple Regression Analysis. The findings revealed that there is a significant effect of road transport system on economic development in Nigeria. Also, it was revealed that there is a significant effect of rail transport system on economic development in Nigeria. Finally, it was revealed that there is a significant effect of water transport system on economic development in Nigeria. Therefore, institutional and private investors should show greater investment interest and commitment in the Nigerian water, road and rail transportation systems to galvanize all the potential resources for their improvement and growth.
Keywords; Effectiveness, Contemporary, Road transportation, Rail transportation, Water transportation, and Economic, Development
CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGES DUE TO GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION AND HUMAN INDUCED ACTIVITIES IN COMMUNITIES OF LAKE CHAD, BORNO STATE NORTH-EAST NIGERIA
*DOGO ALHAJI. NGARE; **M. H. IBRAHIM; ***A. ALI. MODU; ****G. H. SAMBO; & **KAMARUL ISMAIL
*Department of Geography and Environment, School of Social Sciences, College of Education Science and Technology, PMB 16 Bama, Borno State Nigeria. **Department of Geography, Faculty of Human Sciences, University Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tanjong Malim Perak, Malaysia. ***Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Borno State. ****Department of Sociology, Centre for Human Resources and Development, College of Education Science and Technology PMB 16 Bama, Borno State Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This study is aim at assessing the community’s challenges due to changes associated with climate change impact on vegetation in Lake Chad Basin Borno State, north east Nigeria. The objectives were to: investigate the evidences of climate change in the communities of Lake Chad Basin Borno State, assess the communities challenges due to climate change, recommend possible solutions to the problems associated with the effects of climate changes in the affected communities; Data for the study were generated from secondary source, rainfall data for the period of 30 years were obtained as secondary data from meteorology station Maiduguri International Airport and trend equation of time series and coefficient of determination was done to examine the evidences of climate change by establishing fact in the study area, other data also include table indicating various challenges associated with both geographical location and human induced activities in study area Lake Chad Borno State north-east Nigeria.
EXAMINING THE CHANGE IN RENTAL VALUES OF RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT IN IKOT EKPENE, AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA
*EKPO, MBOSOWO EBONG; **EMAH, IFREKE NTIEDO; & ***BILLY, UNWANA AKPAN
*Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua. Ikot Ekpene. Akwa Ibom State. **Department of Building Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua. Ikot Ekpene. Akwa Ibom State. ***Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua. Ikot Ekpene. Akwa Ibom State.
ABSTRACT
This research examines the change in rental values of residential real estate investment in Ikot Ekpene, Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria. In order to achieve the stated aim, the objectives were to examine the rental value of residential real estate investment and to evaluate the change in mean rental value of residential real estate investment, over time, in the study area. This research work adopted the cross-sectional survey type of design. Stratified random sampling method was employed in this research. 1800 copies of questionnaires were administered on household heads in the study area; however, only 1762 copies of questionnaire were retrieved from representing 97.88% response rate. The scope of the work limited data to that collected only on 3-bedroom flat. Descriptive statistics such as percentages and charts were used in the analysis of the data. The data was obtained in two different years – that is the rental value of residential property in 2012 and that of 2021. Paired sample t-test was carried out to determine the change in mean rental value over time, assuming normality of the change. Findings from the study revealed that there was a significant difference in the rental values of residential real estate obtained in 2012 and that obtained in 2021 The investment information provided in this study has significant implications for both local and foreign investors desiring to invest in the Nigerian property market and it is a useful resource for development in this era.
Keywords: Change, Rental Value, Real Estate, Investment, Ikot Ekpene.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SERVICE CHARGE ADMINISTRATION IN RESIDENTIAL HOUSING ESTATE IN ILORIN METROPOLIS, KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
*AJIBADE KAYODE RASHEED; *ABBAS IYANDA SULE; & **ALHAJI ALIYU AKEEM
*Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Kwara State Polytechnic. **Federal University of Technology, Minna
ABSTRACT
This paper assessed the effectiveness of service charge administration in Residential Housing Estate in Ilorin Metropolis. The study population comprises of the occupiers of the residential housing Estate in Ilorin metropolis. The study analysed 200 occupiers of residential housing estate by using closed ended questionnaires indicating 66.7% response through stratified sampling technique. The study used descriptive and inferential methods of data analysis. The findings reveals that the facilities that constitutes service charge in the study area are; standby generator, cleaners of the common area, security and waste disposal and also reveal that the challenges of service charge administration in the study is default in service charge payment in the study area and apportionment of service charge. The study concluded that a service charge is a levy paid by tenants to their landlord or property manager for the upkeep of common services provided by the landlord for their enjoyment. The study recommends that Real estate professionals are encouraged to make fees chargeable with respect to service delivery flexible such that occupants may not pay exorbitant amounts yet receive an efficient service delivery which will further encourage them in payment of such charges, while the aesthetic quality of the property will be improved upon and occupants will be satisfied with what is been paid for.
Keywords: service charge, Administration, Residential Housing Estate