MEDITERRANEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
VOL. 11 NO.7 (MIJMSE) JUNE, 2020
Published by: MEDITERRANEAN PUBLICATIONS AND RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL,
Canberra ACT 0201, Australia.
Bayero University, Kano, PMB 3011, Kano State, Nigeria.
E-MAIL: mediterraneanresearchpub@gmail.com PHONE: +234-708-717-324
ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR AS A CAREER DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY AMONG ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA
OJOKUKU R. M., *OROGE C. A. & **OGUNDARE O.S (Ph.D.)
*Department of Management and Accounting, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P. M. B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria **Centre for part-time studies / Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo, Oyo State.
Abstract
This study examined performance of Organisational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) as a career development strategy among administrative (non-teaching) staff of selected public universities in southwestern Nigeria. Specifically, the study assessed the relationship between employees’ socio-demographic characteristics and performance of OCB, and also examined the effect of OCB dimensions on job involvement and career motivation (which are indices of career development strategy) among the employees. Findings revealed that the socio-demographic characteristics of employees had positive significant relationship with performance of OCB. OCB also accounted for positive significant changes in job involvement and career motivation which implied that OCB is a predictor of both job involvement and career motivation among the respondents. The study concluded that performance of OCB is a career development strategy among the administrative staff of public universities in southwestern Nigeria. It was recommended that performance of OCB among employees should be encouraged due to its positive implications for employee career advancement, job performance and organisational efficiency and effectiveness.
KEYWORDS: Organisational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB), Career Development Strategy, Job Involvement, Career Motivation, Administrative Staff, Public Universities
PURCHASE INTENTION AS A MEDIATOR BETWEEN TRUST AND ONLINE SHOPPING BEHAVIOUR OF STAFF OF UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE
YAKAKA GAMAMA1, BITRUS KWAJAFFA (PHD) 2, BABAGANA ABUBAKAR 3
1,2,3Department of Marketing, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Online shopping behaviour is driven by motives, therefore it is vital for marketers to study and understand them so that they can adopt marketing strategies that will ultimately lead to increased sales. Studies on influencers of online shopping behaviour have been conducted with varying results that are inconsistent; indeed, an obvious need exists to provide clearer understanding. Consequently, based upon the rationale for the study, the mediating effect of purchase intention on the influence of trust on online shopping behaviour of staff of University of Maiduguri is examined. A sample size of 450 staff of the University were selected using purposive sampling, while PLS-SEM was used for data analysis and hypotheses testing. The results reveal that purchase intention acts as a full mediator on the influence of trust on online shopping behaviour and recommends online marketers to enhance trust towards online vendors/companies by building and maintaining positive image.
KEYWORDS: Trust, Purchase Intention, Online Shopping Behaviour, Motives, Marketing Strategies.
EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY MANAGEMENT ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN STANBIC IBTC KADUNA METROPOLIS
ESTHER YIMI BAGOBIRI (Ph.D)
Department of Business Administration, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study is to assess the effect of service quality management on customer satisfaction in Stanbic IBTC Kaduna metropolis. Correlational survey research design has been adopted for the purposes of this study. Data was collected from 200 purposively selected customers through copies of the administered questionnaire. The data collected was analysed using both descriptive and simple regression analysis. In order to cleanse the data and improve the validity and reliability of inferences from results, Autocorrelation test – Durbin Watson (D.W) and Multicollinearity test Using Variance Inflation Factor and Tolerance Value were conducted. The study found that there is significant relationship between tangibility and customer satisfaction in Stanbic IBTC Kaduna metropolis; there is significant relationship between service reliability and customer satisfaction in Stanbic IBTC Kaduna metropolis; there is no significant relationship between responsiveness and customer satisfaction in Stanbic IBTC Kaduna metropolis; there is no significant relationship between assurance and customer satisfaction in Stanbic IBTC Kaduna metropolis and there is significant relationship between empathy and customer satisfaction in Stanbic IBTC Kaduna metropolis. Therefore, the study concludes that service quality has significant and positive impact on customers satisfaction. Based on the findings, the researcher recommends that in the long run, entrepreneurs should focus on all the competencies for better future performance and extension of the customer satisfaction initiatives that tend to solely focus on increase deposit.
KEYWORDS: Service Quality Management; Customer Satisfaction; Assurance; Empathy; Tangibility.
FINANCIAL LIBERALIZATION, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE: THE SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN EXPERIENCE
1NJIMATED, GODFREY FORGHA, 2YAKUM, IVAN MBOAMBOGOH & 3FOZOH, ISIAH AZISEH
1Higher Institute of Commerce and Management, University of Bamenda, Cameroon 2Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences, University of Bamenda, Cameroon 3Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences, University of Bamenda, Cameroon
Abstract
Financial Liberalization and Financial Development have gained grounds in the provision of green light in directing economic performance in advanced economies of the world today. Therefore, this paper aim at investigating into the extent to which these drivers of economic performance among others have been able to enhance the present levels of economic performance in Sub-Saharan African Countries using the Arellano and Bond Panel GMM estimators, to examine the causality between financial liberalization, financial development and economic performance. The data collected from World Development Indicators ranging from 1980 to 2016 due to availability of data. The findings reveal that there exist long run causality between financial liberalization, financial development and economic performance in Sub-Saharan African countries. Specifically, the paper observes a negative causal link between financial liberalization and financial development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, it confirms the fact that in Sub-Saharan Africa, financial development negatively influence economic performance but economic performance positively influence financial development. The paper also confirms that financial liberalization positively influence economic performance while economic performance negatively influence financial liberalization. These finding are the true reflection of Sub-Saharan African countries and their low levels of financial development as well as their dependency. Based on the above, we recommend financial discipline in Sub-Saharan Africa and guided financial liberalization practices as a spring board for economic performance.
KEYWORDS: Approach, Dominant, Banks, Portfolio, Management.
EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL EDUCATION ON SELF EMPLOYMENT GENERATION IN KADUNA METROPOLIS
HELEN AFANG ANDOW Ph.D
Department of Business Administration, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Kaduna State
Abstract
This study determines the effect of entrepreneurial education on self-employment generation in Kaduna Metropolis. The study adopted correlation survey design and the population consists of all citizens 96 trained in Kaduna state university entrepreneurship research and development Centre in Kaduna. Primary data was collected through copies of structured questionnaire. Data collected for this study were analyzed quantitatively using descriptive and regression statistical tools to test the hypothesis. The study revealed that Acquired vocational skills have no significant effect on self-employment, Government employment training programme does not significantly lead to self-employment and Acquired managerial skills do not significantly lead to self-employment. Thus, the study concludes that entrepreneurial education enhances self-employment. Based on the findings of the study, the study recommends that the government should create ways on which to motivate and promotes skills development and acquisition and develop a culture of openness and trust so that budding entrepreneurs can give their ideas and opinions for the entrepreneurial success also, training systems should be orientated to creativity as well. Much more, the importance of creativity should be understood in business sector as well as in government institutions, because government has the exceptional power to trigger the changes in business environment.
KEYWORDS: Self-Employment; Entrepreneurial Education; Vocational Skills; Managerial Skills; Business Environment.
INFLUENCE OF INSURANCE PENETRATION ON INSURANCE PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA FROM 1996-2018
AGBO, ISHMAEL UMUNNAKWE
Department of Insurance and Risk Management, Faculty of Management Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology (ESUT) Agbani Enugu State Nigeria
Abstract
This study seeks to review the Influence of Insurance Penetration on Insurance Performance in Nigeria ranging from 1996-2018. The specific objectives are to; i. Examine the effect of insurance penetration on insurance performance in Nigeria from 1996-2018.ii. Measure the relationship existing between insurance penetration on insurance performance in Nigeria from 1996-2018. The study adopted expost-facto research design. Data employed for the study was time series, which is secondary and purely quantitative. Auto regressive, distributed lag model was used to analyze the data. The study reveals that, insurance penetration is positively and significantly (0.0014<.05) effects on insurance performance in Nigeria. Statistically, insurance penetration has 1% increase to insurance performance and such increase has 104% significant contribution to the growth of insurance performance in Nigeria under the period of the study. Also, insurance penetration is positively and significantly (0.0000<.05) related to insurance performance in Nigeria. Statistically, insurance penetration has 1% increase to insurance performance and such increase has 91% significant relationship to the growth of insurance performance in Nigeria under the period of the study.
KEYWORDS: Influence of Insurance Penetration, Insurance Performance and Nigeria
ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN ADAMAWA STATE POLYTECHNIC, YOLA.
BALA ABUBAKAR
City University, Cambodia
Abstract
The Paper titled assessment of the role of Human Resource Development in Adamawa State Polytechnic, Yola. This paper examines the nature of Human Resource Development methods employed in developing employees’ capability, the impact of those human resource development programmes on the employees, the challenges faced by the organizations towards effective Human Resource Development programmes and the impact on the achievement of organization goal. The author use both primary and secondary data for as a means of data collection. The study revealed that among the available Human Resource in Adamawa State Polytechnic, Yola for the non-teaching staff are; appraisal performance, effective conflict management and incentives, while training and development, involvement in the decision making, job description, orientation for work and staff welfare were lacking for non-teaching staff. Also it was revealed that the extent of the benefit derived by non-teaching staff from human resource development programme in Adamawa State Polytechnic, Yola is low. The study rated the overall performance of institution as a result of available Human Resource Development programme for its non-teaching staff as low. Among the challenges facing effective Human Resource Development programme in Adamawa State Polytechnic, Yola include lack of funds and resources, wrong motives and lack of specialist. The study also established the significantly impacted on Human Resource Development on the commitment and performance of non-teaching staff, also, Human Resource Development significantly impacted on the overall institutional performance. The study recommends for involvement of the non-teaching staff in the aspect of training and development in Polytechnic. Likewise, the non-teaching staff should be allowed for partaking in the decision making, giving job description and orientation as well as staff welfare. The conscious utilization of funds and resources for the Human Resource Development in the Adamawa State Polytechnic, Yola was also recommended for the management.
KEYWORDS: Human resources, Development, Appraisal, Institution, Performance, Management
EFFECTS OF SOCIO- CULTURAL FACTORS ON BUSINESS INVESTMENT IN THE RURAL COMMUNITIES IN TIV LAND, BENUE STATE
AVANGER, MOSES YANDEV, SAMBE, NGUTOR & TIONSHA, JENNIFER NGUNAN
Department of Sociology, University of Mkar, Mkar
Abstract
The study examined effects of socio-cultural factors on business and investment the rural Communities in Tivland, Benue state. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design while cluster sampling technique was used to select 400 samples. Structured Interview was used to collect data. The gathered data were analyzed quantitatively using percentages, mean and standard deviation. The study found that socio-cultural such as value of prestige over wealth creation, wealth not determining a person’s social status and the tendency to value extravagant entertainment over and above savings, the communal practice, the extended family system and lavish spending on burial rites and marriages are dominant in Tivland. These socio-cultural factors have negative effects on business investment among the Tiv people in Benue State. However, the lavish spending on burial rites and celebration was responsible for investment in funeral services and businesses while extravagant spending on marriage ceremonies have led to the investment in the area of events management. The study therefore recommended for sensitization campaigns to educate rural people about importance of business, modification or eradication of socio-cultural values that are inimical to business and investment through advocacy and encouragement of business and investment among the rural population through training granting of loans.
KEYWORDS: Culture, Business, Investment, Rural communities, Tivland
LODGING ADMINISTRATORS AND EMPLOYEES’ PREDICAMENT IN THE HOSPITALITY ESTABLISHMENTS
OLLOR, HELEN Y. AND ORUPABO, STEPHEN S.
University of Port Harcourt, Faculty of Management Sciences, Dept. of Hospitality Management and Tourism.
Abstract
Guests are the primary concern of the Lodging Employees; but, the Employees are the Administrators’ primary worries, (Mill, 2006). Should the Administrators be worried about the Employees and not the Guests? Lodging Administrators are more concern about the Employees; because, they work hard for the betterment of the establishments but receive little or no Reward. Employees have not been recognized effectively for their Services in the Lodging Establishments. They are rarely recognized for their roles as intermediaries between the Management and the Guests; they render Services, and involved in Productions toward the growth of the Industry. Their work attitudes or relationships with Guests are becoming very poor. If Lodging Employees could be taken care of adequately, Administrator’s worries would be minimized. They would carry out their duties cheerfully and Guests would be well served and entertained with smiles. The Lodging Administrators in the Hospitality Industry understand Employees’ predicament; but, what would they do?
KEYWORDS: Lodging, Lodging Administrators, Hotel, Employees, Employee predicament Employees Duties, Employee Expectations
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ATTRIBUTES AND TAX PLANNING OF LISTED NIGERIAN CONGLOMERATES COMPANIES
SULE BA’ABA
Department of Accounting, Federal University Gashua-Nigeria
Abstract
The serious decline in the price of crude oil in recent years has led the state government to look for new sources of revenue and becomes strict and aggressive to the assessment and collection of revenue from the existing sources. This study examines the impact of Corporate Governance Attributes on Tax planning of listed Nigeria Conglomerates Companies. The corporate governance parameters include board size and CEO tenure while tax planning is proxied by the effective tax rate and firm size as control variable. The objective is to determine if there is a relationship between corporate governance attributes and tax planning which in turn may improve firm performance. The study adopts ex-post facto research design and will utilise panel data from annual reports and accounts of the listed companies for the period of five years (2014-2018). The Data were analysed using a panel regression technique to assess the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. Hausman specification test was conducted to choose between fixed and random effect estimation and the p-value is 0.9863 which insignificant. The result from random effect estimation model indicates a negative and significant relationship between CEOT, FSIZE and ETR and a positive relationship between BSIZE and ETR. Therefore, the study concludes that corporate governance mechanism plays a significant role in tax planning.
KEYWORDS: Corporate Governance Attributes, Tax planning, Listed companies, Nigeria.
DUE PROCESS AND PROCUREMENT OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS IN NIGERIA: THE ESTATE SURVEYORS AND VALUERS PERSPECTIVE
1AKINYEMI SAHEED O. 2HADIZA AHMED MUSA & 3SALAU L. T.
1Dept. of Estate Management and Valuation, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi. 2Dept. of Estate Management, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna. 3Dept. of Estate Management and Valuation, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi.
Abstract
Due process is a motive of achieving the best value for money and in achieving the motive in a project development, procurement must be observed and considered. The research work tends to study the roles of estate surveyors and valuers in due process and public procurement in Nigeria public buildings using the federal university of agriculture, Abeokuta as a case study, in carrying out this study, the following research questions arises and was examined such as: does the roles of estate surveyors and valuers exist in project planning due process and procurement; how vital is these roles implication in the execution of a project; does procurement takes a due process in project planning; also is there any challenges associated with the development of public buildings. The objectives were also examined vividly and achieved through a research methodology adopting the preparation and administration of well-designed questionnaire, likert scale research method, data and information were collected through both primary and secondary data collection technique and was analyzed by a statistical package for social scientist (SPSS) which leads to the summary of findings, conclusion and recommendation. The major conclusion of the study is that roles of estate surveyors and valuers should not be under look or should be eradicated in project development despite the function of other professionals in the development team, the roles of estate surveyors and valuers is needed and essential from the preliminary stage to the completion of any project also at the managerial stage of such projects.
KEYWORDS: Due Process, Procurement, Public Building, and Estate Surveyors and Valuers
EFFECT OF FINANCING DECISION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF LISTED CEMENT FIRMS IN NIGERIA
ZAINAB DABO Ph.D
Department of Business Administration, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Kaduna State
Abstract
This study examines the influence of financing decisions on the performance of listed cement companies in Nigeria. This study adopted a correlational research plan because it establishes the relationship between the variables in the study. A correlational research design was adopted for the study. Data collection templates were used to collect secondary data from published accounts for the firms for both the dependent and independent variables. The multiple regression model was used in establishing whether the dependent variable, performance is affected by the independent variable, financial decision. The study found that WCD has a significant impact on the ROA, DD has a significant impact on the ROA and ID has a strong significant impact on the ROA. Based on the findings the study concludes that financial decision has a positive impact on the ROA of listed cement firms in Nigeria. Based on the findings and conclusion, the research recommends that listed cement firms can consider focusing on working capital decisions that support a balance between current assets and current liabilities or those that support more current asset to liabilities in order to record improved returns on assets and have investment decision that supports investment in fixed assets such as property, plant and machinery in order to enhance their returns on assets.
KEYWORDS: Return on Assets; Dividend Policy; Working Capital; Financial Decision; Financial Performance.
EXPLORING THE ADOPTION OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS (IFRS) FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES (SMES) IN NIGERIA
RAHMAN YAKUBU
Department of Accounting, Federal University, Gashua, P.O.Box 1005, Yobe, Nigeria
Abstract
With the development in Nigerian capital market and the socioeconomic importance of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs), the need for accounting standard for SMEs becomes imperative as this make access to equity and debt financing possible. The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for SMEs in Nigeria. This research critically reviews the development and implementation of IFRS for SMEs by providing evidence on the compliance of this standard. More important, the implementation and compliance to IFRS for SMEs will produce high quality and transparency in financial information made available to users of SMEs financial reports. One of the unique factors of this research is the inclusion of institutional theory on the adoption and implementation of IFRS for SMEs. Theoretically, the article briefly introduces institutional isomorphism which explains the perceived costs and benefits organisation will derive by conforming to social norms. The study find that since Nigeria adopted IFRS for SMEs in 2014, there have been lack of studies by academics and SMEs experts on the compliance to IFRS for SMEs. Meanwhile, most of the cited studies are from developed economies; however, the few studies from Nigerian researchers documented positive impact of adoption and implementation of IFRS for SMEs on capital market development. Based on the findings from the review of literature, this research calls the attention of regulatory and professional bodies to provide training to SMEs managers and finance officers. Like any other research, this article discusses the limitation and provides further recommendations for future empirical research on the compliance and implementation of IFRS for SMESs in Nigeria.
KEYWORDS: IFRS for SMEs; SMEs and financing; SMEs; institutional theory; accounting standard
ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF COMPETITION ON THE QUALITY OF SERVICES RENDERED BY MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES PROVIDERS (A STUDY OF SELECTED USERS OF MTN AND 9MOBILE SUBSCRIBERS AROUND FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC, BIDA METROPOLIS)
1BELLO, BABATUNDE SIKIRU; 2NWOKENKWO, BEN OLUBUNMI; 3OZIMEDE, ELIZABETH I.; 4OGUNDEJI, SUNDAY TOLULOPE & 5ABDULLAHI, IBRAHIM
1,2,4&5Department of Marketing, Federal Polytechnic, Bida 3Department of Business Administration & Management, Federal Polytechnic, Bida
Abstract
This work is aimed at (a) assessing the effect of competition on the quality of service rendered by telecommunication services providers with focus on MTN and 9mobile in Bida. (b) assessing the perception and reaction of customers of these two mobile telecommunication companies to the quality of service delivered to them (c) knowing the opinion of customers on the tariffs charged on calls by the service providers. Survey design was used with structured questionnaires drafted to elicit information from the various subscribers contacted through simple random sampling. The choice of this sampling method is because every identified MTN and 9mobile network user would have the opportunity of being included in the survey and also, it gave the writers that convenience of reaching out to respondents. 100 questionnaires were administered while only 85 were filled and returned due to the on-going strike action in the school. A 5 point Likert scale was used to determine the mean and standard deviation which was used to analyze the data collected. Result revealed that there is relationship between Telecommunication services and customers’ perception and reaction to tariffs and that the reliability and accessibility of network will improve subscribers’ reactions positively. The findings reveled that Competition has a significant effect on the patronage of telecommunication services which results to a fall in the profit margin of the GSM service providers. It was recommended that telecommunication service providers should enhance their market share through effective customer’s service packages. Also, they should conduct market survey on a regular basis to determine the monitor the perception and reaction of subscribers towards service tariffs..
KEYWORDS: Competition, Patronage, Telecommunication Services, Metropolis
A LITERATURE REVIEW OF ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP) SYSTEM AND ITS BENEFITS ON BUSINESS ORGANISATION
IBRAHIM ABUBAKAR MIKUGI & HAMISU MOHAMMAD SHAFII
Department of Business Administration and Management, Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B. 55 Bida, Niger State
Abstract
The research paper examined the benefits of enterprise resource planning (ERP) System on business organisations. The paper adopted secondary sources of data collection through textbooks, internets, journals and other literatures. The overall benefits of ERP include improving performance and save time, optimize the control and analysis of management decisions there in the long term, reduced costs for the company operations. The paper specifically examined four functional areas; Human resources, Finance, Production and Marketing management functions and its ERP benefits along Strategic, Tactical and Operational lines. The theoretical and literature studies revealed that achieving a good business efficiency in each functional department is hinged on the desire to have an integrated and centralised system in a business organisation, thus ERP is highly needed to achieve this purpose. The paper concluded by recommending that business organisations should endevour to explore and apply ERP system in order to help reduce the cost of operations thereby remain competitive.
KEYWORDS: Enterprise, Functional areas, resource planning, business organisation
HUMAN CAPITAL AND VENTURE PERFORMANCE: THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEUR’S CULTURE AND BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT IN NIGERIA
BABANGIDA MUHAMMAD MUSA
Department of Business Administration/ Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria.
Abstract
Human capital is getting wider attention with increasing globalization and competitiveness among enterprises and nation states. Both developed and developing countries put emphases on a more human capital development towards accelerating their economic growth and development. This paper examines the moderating effect of entrepreneur’s culture and business environment on the relationship of human capital and venture performance. Human capital was measured in terms of entrepreneur’s education, start-up experience and prior industry experience while venture performance is viewed in terms of sales growth and employment growth. Finally, the paper develops a model that explains the relationship between human capital and venture performance with a moderating effect of entrepreneur’s culture and business environment. We investigated fifty-four small firms in Nigeria. A multi-stage random sampling and questionnaire were employed. The authors hypothesized that higher levels of inadequate entrepreneur’s education, industry and start-up experience moderated by culture and environment led to poor venture performance. A multiple regression analysis was used via SPSS software. The study observes that inadequate entrepreneur’s human capital moderated by business environment and/or culture has a significant effect on venture performance. We conclude that the relationship between human capita and venture performance is being influenced by other variables. Finally, the study suggests among others that government, its agencies and non-governmental organizations should embark on a massive awareness campaign among small business entrepreneurs on the effect of culture on venture performance.
KEYWORDS: Human capital, entrepreneur’s culture, venture performance, small business and business environment.
THE IMPACT OF MICROFINANCE BANK ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN BAUCHI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
HAMZA SALIHU UMAR AND RAKIYA ABBA
Department of Banking and Finance, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi
Abstract
This research study was carried out with the aim of examining the impact of microfinance bank on entrepreneurial development in Bauchi Local Government Area of Bauchi state. The study adopted a survey research design and a questionnaires was used in collecting data from staff of LAPO microfinance Bank and entrepreneurs in Bauchi metropolis who were selected as respondents for the study using a stratified random sampling technique while applying the Bowley’s proportional allocation method. The statistical tools used in analyzing the data were frequency/percentage analysis and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique of the simple regression analysis. The results of the OLS regression analysis revealed that there was a statistical significant relationship between Entrepreneurial development and Microfinance Bank in Bauchi LGA at 5% level of significance (F0.05(1, 88) = 28.019, P = 0.000). The regression results also revealed that Microfinance Bank has a statistical significant positive impact on Entrepreneurial development in Bauchi LGA at 5% level of significance (β1 = 0.516, P = 0.000). The regression results also revealed that financial challenges/problems were not the only problems/challenges militating against the effective financing of entrepreneurs by Microfinance Bank in Bauchi LGA as there were other non-financial problem/challenges such as the unstable economy and politics in Nigeria (β1= -0.055, P = 0.415). The study however, recommended that sensitization programmes on the functions and activities of microfinance banks should be carried out targeting small scale businessmen and entrepreneurs in Bauchi LGA through public seminars in order to give them proper orientation on the activities of microfinance banks and how they can help improve businesses and microfinance banks should increase the provision of other services other than granting of loans to entrepreneurs such as financial and investments advice, commodity marketing, micro-insurance, and leasing, among other recommendations..
KEYWORDS: Impact, Microfinance, Bank, Entrepreneurship, Bauchi local Government Area.
ACCEPTANCE AS AN ELEMENT OF A VALID CONTRACT
SANI MOHAMMED Esq.
Department of Business and Management, School of Business Studies, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi
Abstract
For a contract to be enforceable at law, it must satisfy certain basic requirements. And acceptance which is final and unqualified expression of ascent to the terms of the offer must be present. It must be brought to the notice of the offeror to be valid and can be revoked before it reaches the offeree.
KEYWORDS: Acceptance, Valid, Contract, Element, Law.
THE EFFECT OF WORKERS’ PARTICIPATION ON DECISION MAKING AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN UNION BANK IN BAUCHI
MBAKWE FRANCIS K.1, ATADOGA, MARK.O.2, SAMUEL YUSUF.B.3, ZAHRAU BALA. M.4
1Department of Business Administration and Management, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi. 2, 3,4Department of Marketing, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi
Abstract
The study is aimed at establishing the effect of employees’ participation on decision making on organizational performance in Union Bank in Bauchi. The study adopted a descriptive research study that solicited responses from employees of Union Bank Bauchi Branch. The population of the study was 46 and the entire population was used as sample size because it was small. After data cleaning, only data of 37 respondents were finally used for data analysis based on descriptive statistics and mean as well as standard deviations. The research questions were answered using the means scores with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The study findings revealed that employees’ participation on decision making affects organizational performance. The study recommends that since Information is the life blood of organizations as such information from employees should be acknowledged and utilized as this would serve as motivation to employees towards improved performance. Management should consult employees before decisions concerning employees are implemented. It is believed that when employees are carried along they tend to known the process as such they give it their best. Employees should be granted authority as well as delegation of administrative duties as it has the ability to grant them a sense of belonging and enhance their performance.
KEYWORDS: Workers participation, decision making, Organization, Performance.
IMPACT OF MOTIVATION ON EMPLOYEE JOB PERFORMANCE FOR OVERALL TRANSFORMATION IN EMERGING ECONOMY (A CASE STUDY OF TUYIL PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY LTD, ILORIN)
KADIR MUMINI
Department of Business Administration and Management, Federal Polytechnic Ede, Osun State
Abstract
The study examined the impact of motivation on employee performance in Tuyil Pharmaceutical Company in Ilorin metropolis. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select 200 respondents from among the employees of the company. Questionnaire was employed as the main instrument of data collection. Three research questions were raised to guide the study. Descriptive statistics and percentage were used to analyze the data collected. The results of the study revealed that motivation actually enhance workers welfare, hence improve their productivity. The study therefore recommended that staff motivation should be given a priority as that is the only way that can guarantee the success of any organization.
KEYWORDS: Approach, Dominant, Banks, Portfolio, Management.
EFFECT OF HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A STUDY OF THE FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC BAUCHI.
MOHAMMED RABIU MOHAMMED
The Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to examine the effect of “Human Resource Planning on Organizational Performance”. The study was quantitative and explanatory in nature, where a cross-sectional survey of 257 Staff of Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi was carried out using proportionate stratified sampling and structured questionnaire were distributed personally and with the aid of field assistants to the selected Staff. However, the data collected was analyzed using IBM SPSS software version 20. The reliability of the research instrument was assessed based on the results obtained, all the constructs met the Cronbach’sAlpha requirement of above 0.7 coefficients and the validity was tested using content and construct/face validities. The validity of the instrument was also measured through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The outcome of EFA revealed that the variables have satisfactory Kaiser Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity. Simple regression analyses of the variables (Operational performance, workers performance, quality of work) show a positive and significant relationship with investment decision making. But, the multiple regression analysis result show that implementation of Human resource planning have a negative but significant. It was recommended that the polytechnic should avail itself of the windows of opportunities that information technology provides in its drive to further enhance employees’ skills, knowledge and abilities that will invariably ensure adequate implementation of human resource planning and investing in the improvement of the knowledge and skills of employees will enhance their productivity and effectiveness.
KEYWORDS: Human resource, planning, Operational performance, quality of work, productivity, Organization.
CASHLESS POLICY AND FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN NIGERIA
DUMANI MARKJACKSON
Department of Banking and Finance, Federal Polytechnic, Ekowe, PMB 110, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study examines the impact of cashless payment systems on financial inclusion in Nigeria. This was aimed at ascertaining the level of financial inclusion caused by the cashless policy. The study was hinged on the theories of technology acceptance and diffusion of innovation. Thus, primary data was sourced and collated via structured questionnaires and analyzed using simple percentages and presented using graphs. The data was further estimated using the ordered probit regression technique. The results indicate that nearness of financial products and service outlets to rural settlements, ease of digital financial transactions and reduced visits to banking halls aided by access to cashless payment mediums has enhanced financial inclusion in Nigeria. It also emerged that efficiency of cashless payment channels does not significantly reduce the use of financial products and services, hence financial inclusion. Furthermore, the results indicate that the desire to own bank account and excessive digital payment charges has a positive but insignificant influence on financial inclusion in Nigeria. The study concludes that cashless payment channels have enhanced equal access and use of financial products and services in Nigeria. The study recommends that the adoption of advanced financial technology (Fintech) that integrate all the attributes of the user groups would enhance user friendliness and further accelerate the penetration and use of bank financial products and services to rural settlements.
KEYWORDS: cashless payment systems, cashless policy, financial inclusion, equal use and access, Nigeria.
EFFECT OF EARNINGS ATTRIBUTES ON SHARE PRICE OF LISTED CONSUMER GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA STOCK EXCHANGE
YUSUF OVA MUTALIB, HALIRU SAIDU JAHUN, AKPAN EDEM OKON & DANIEL EHI ELKHOMUN
Department of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Nigeria.
Abstract
Earnings attributes has evolved as an issue of interest to potential investors, financial analyst and other financial operators in view of the fact that it is one of the most striking and challenging issues in the field of Accounting. While managers are much concerned about meeting analyst forecast by maintaining sustainable growth of the companies as means to protect themselves analysts are interested on how best to measure the quality of earnings. This study investigated the effect of earnings quality properties on share price of listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria stock Exchange. The population of the study comprised all the 11 listed consumer goods firms on the Nigeria Stock Exchange as at 31st December 2019 on which filters were employed to arrive at an adjusted population of 8 firms. The entire firms within the adjusted population were studied based on census approach. Panel data were extracted from the annual financial statements of the firms for the period 2015 to 2019 to ascertain the effect of earnings quality properties represented by accruals quality and earnings variability on share price of the firms. The result of the robust Ordinary Least Square (OLS) revealed that of the two earnings quality attributes used in the study, accruals quality have significant inverse relationship with share price, while earnings variability has significant positive relationship with share price. Based on the result, the study recommended among others that the Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) should continually subject the earnings of consumer goods firms to quality investigation.
KEYWORDS: Earning, Attributes, Consumer, Exchange, Firms
THE OBJECTIVES OF PURCHASING AND ITS MANAGEMENT
MUSA UMAR FAROUQ
Marketing Department, School of Administrative and Business Studies, College of Administration, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi
Abstract
Purchasing may be defined as the activities involved in the acquisition of a unit’s right inputs in the right quantity, at the right time, from the right source, with the right services, and at the right price. As that function responsible for obtaining by purchase, lease or other legal means, equipment, materials, supplies and services required by an undertaking for use in production. According to Lamar and Dobler, (1983:3) there are two basic types of purchasing in the business world: purchasing for resale and purchasing for consumption or conversion. Purchasing for resale is performed by merchants and speculators. From the beginning of time, purchasing for resale has been the prime responsibility of merchant. The quest for goods to sell was the motivation force that led to the discovery of new time dealing with sales problems, but they devoted by far the largest portion of it to the search for suitable of new and desirable materials. The basic problems of the merchants have not changed. Following the techniques of their predecessors, today merchants ascertain what consumers want, buy it at a price to which they can add profit (mark – up), and sell it to the consumers’ satisfaction, as to quality and service. Merchant and procurement officers must decide what their customers want and they must buy what is wanted at a price which will permit resale at a profit. Is it the managing Director, the Board of Directors, the General manager or a group of Persons charged with the day- to-day running of the business. In any progressive business venture there must be a person who in the final analysis should assume responsibility for decision making. In any given Society, authority is necessary to enable the affairs of the society to be run efficiently and effectively. Authority is required to get things done, to make decisions and choose which of the many numerous ways of carrying out a job or an assignment should be adopted. Except in abnormal cases of managerial genius, no single person can perform the job, assume absolute responsibility for making decisions. The need arises, therefore, for team work and pooled judgment. Pooled judgment means, in effect, the combined efforts are reasoning of a group of persons particularly qualified to perform the essential basic functions of a business. These group of specialists include the chief production Engineer the sales manager, the chief Accountant and the purchasing manager. The purchasing manager is being put in a conspicuous position because it has been acknowledged that a manufacturer cannot make and sell his products in a competitive market unless the production materials from which his products are made, and which represent about two-thirds of his total product cost have been procured efficiently in terms quality, quantity and reduced cost. This is why the purchasing manager himself constitutes the integral part of management. In broad principle, industrial purchasing acquire more specific significance when manufacturing costs are carefully analyzed. In the average of all manufacturing enterprises, more than two- third of income received from sales is used for the purchase or materials, and equipment required to produce the goods. Production reports of various manufacturing industries consistently show that purchases are the largest single factor of industrial costs in many cases are larger than all other factors put together. In view of this, the purchasing activity call for the serious attention of management. In majority of manufacturing enterprises, materials costs can be as high as 60 percent of total product cost. In such cases, purchases may range widely beyond this limit and as high as 82 percent depending on the types of business and the kind of materials used. Most mass production industries come within the latter category. This situation is similarly applicable to assembly operations where product component are purchased in highly fabricated form and have thus acquired advalorum in the previous stages of fabrication before its purchase. On the other hand, where the product is not manufactured from materials purchased but comes from natural deposits such as the case with extractives industries – mining, quarrying and oil wells – the purchase ratio is comparatively low. Manufacturing industries which require highly skilled and a large percentage of labour invariably require smaller quantities of materials which normally show purchases as a relatively smaller percentage of total cost. Also in service industries such as laundry and dry-cleaning where after the basic facilities have been installed, supplies are mere incidental means of implementing services, purchasing will be relatively low as a percentage of operational activity. This is due to mechanization and the growing trend towards specialization in manufacturing. Lamar and Dobler (1983:35) contend that the basic goal of any industrial activity is the development and manufacture of products that can be marketed at a profit. This goal is accomplished by the appropriate blending of what many management authorities call die five Ms: machines, men, materials, money and management. Materials today are the lifeblood of industry, No industrial organization can operate without them. They must be available at the proper time, in the proper quantity, at the proper place, and at the proper price. Failure of any of these responsibilities concerning materials adds to company costs and decreases company’s profit just as surely as do outmoded production methods, inefficient personnel and inefficient sailing.
KEYWORDS: Materials, Support, Supply, Demand, Company, Services, Quality, Dublication, Objectives, Continuity, Maintain, Price, Simple Records, Order, Programme, Industry, Operation, Basic, Concerned, Competitive, Avoid, Flow, Standard, Meet.
CONSUMERISM AND GOVERNMENT COVID-19 RICE PALLIATIVE MEASURE: A VILE FOR PROTECTING SOCIETAL WELL BEING
1OGAH AROME VICTOR (Ph.D) 2IYAJI ELEOJO INEKWE
1Department of Marketing Federal Polytechnic, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State. 2Department of Marketing, Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State
Abstract
The study focused on the relevance of consumerism on government covid-19 rice palliative measure. Consumerism is a consumer movement that gear towards the protection of societal welbeing. The study specifically examined the effect of consumer right amd safety on government covid-19 rice palliative measure. The study utilised survey research design. Data used in this study were collected through primary source. The population of the study comprises of learned citizens residing within the affected areas in Lagos, Oyo and Osun state respectively. Convenience sampling technique was used to select sample of 300 for the study. 20- Items of 5-point likert scale option structured questionnaire was used. Content validity was used to determine the validity of the instrument by giving to research experts who modified and made the necessary correction to measure the instrument adequately. Simple linear regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Two hypotheses were tested in line with the objectives of the study and it was revealed that consumer right and safety have significant effect on government covid-19 rice palliative measure. The study suggested some recommendations as follows: Nigeria government stakeholders should monitor the consumption pattern of the society and Food meant for consumption must be check interms of quality before giving out to the sociey..
KEYWORDS: Consumerism, covid-19, Paliative, Consumer, Welbeing
HARNESSING EFFECTIVE LOCAL TECHNOLOGY FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT AND THE CONSTRAINS OF MAINTENANCE CULTURE IN NIGERIA
AB ADEBUSOYE 2 TOLU M. OBASEKI 3 & S. O. ONIMOLE MNI 1
Department of Entrepreneurship, College of Management Sciences, JABU, Ikeji Arakeji, Osun State, Nigeria
Abstract
The study examines the problems of harnessing effective local technology for entrepreneurship development and the constrains of maintenance culture in Nigeria with a view to identifying appropriate policies and strategies for enhancing and maximizing the utilization of available local resources for entrepreneurship development in Nigeria. The research design involves collection of data from existing records and findings of views and opinion on the subject matter through the use of structured questionnaire. Stratified sampling technique was used to select the respondents for the study. The instrument used was validated and pilot tested to ascertain the internal consistency using Cronbach Alpha. The reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.79. Data obtained were analyzed using mean, one-way analysis of variance, percentages and frequency count. A large proportion of the respondents are of the view that the poor state of Science and Technological innovations in Nigeria, coupled with negative technological responses, lack of a coherent national policy guideline that is properly coordinated, lack of sound educational system that emphasizes the culture of maintenance with adequate infrastructure, focusing on areas of comparative advantage, lack of collaboration between industry and academia among others were indicated as major problems and issues that have hindered effective harnessing of local technology for entrepreneurship development and maintenance culture in Nigeria. The study is of the view that real entrepreneurship development and maintenance culture must be essentially and deeply rooted in the people and the policy of government. There is need for a co-ordinated approach to the nation’s maintenance culture.
KEYWORDS: Technology Entrepreneurship, Development, Maintenance, Culture, Government Policy.
ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTREPRENEUR ORIENTATION DIMENSIONS AND SME PERFORMANCE IN KADUNA STATE.
BELLO TAOFIK ABIDEMI 1, WANIKO EBENEZER NDABAKO 2 , MOHAMMED KABIR LAWAL 2, ADAMU ABDULLAHI 3 AND EMMAUNUEL DASHE NANCHANN 4.
Department of General studies, Nigerian Institute of leather and science Technology 1, 3 & 4, Department of Business Administration, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 2, Department of Business Administration, Federal University of Technology, Minna 2.
Abstract
The strategy of accumulating knowledge and other intangible assets is not enough to determine significant performance, and this brings about the evolvement of dynamic capabilities perspective as an offshoot of both knowledge-based and resource-based views. However, there is still a lack of studies on how resource base view other intangible resources to determine small and medium enterprise (SME) performance. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and SME performance in Kaduna State. The study was cross sectional in nature that is data was collected once. 84 usable data were gathered to determine the direct hypotheses developed to address the research problem, and PLS-SEM path modeling was employed to analyze the data. The objective of the study was to find out the relationship between innovativeness, pro-activeness and risk taking on SME performance in Kaduna State. The results support 2 out of the 3 direct hypotheses revealing the empirical evidence on the significant relationships between Pro-activeness, innovativeness and SME performance. But no evidence was found to support significant relationships between risk taking and on SME performance. This study contributes mainly to the current literature on how such intangible resources and SME performance relationships especially in the African context where similar studies are generally scarce. Moreover, the study specifies a strategy and sketches a roadmap on how to improve the underperforming Nigerian SMEs. Finally, the study concludes with some limitations that open up the avenues for future research. The study also recommends that entrepreneurs should adopt the three dimensions of entrepreneurship so as to achieve competitive edge and improved organizational performance but should be innovative foremost.
KEYWORDS: SMEs performance, Proactiveness, innovativeness, risk taking
GENDER DIVERSITY AND TAX COMPLIANCE IN LAGOS STATE
*SEGUN IDOWU ADENIYI Ph.D **HELEN OLUWATOYIN ADEBAYO **MIRIAM NGUAVESE NYIKYAA
*Department of Accountancy, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State **Department of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, P.M.B. 001, Nasarawa State.
Abstract
The expected tax revenue in Lagos State is greater than actual tax revenue collected by the State government. This shows that some tax payers are not complying with tax law and it creates tax gap. The study tends to ascertain how gender differences among small scale entrepreneurs and tax administrators affect income tax payment. Cross sectional survey design was used for the study. We focus on total population of tax payers in all 20 Local Government Areas of Lagos State. Convenience sampling technique was used in choosing sample size. The analysis reveals significant relationship between gender differences among tax administrators and income tax compliance. The study recommends among others that policy formulators and tax consultants should review the composition of tax administrators in line with gender diversity. Women should be given equal opportunity in the position of authority as tax administrators.
KEYWORDS: gender diversity; income tax, tax compliance; small scale entrepreneurs; tax administrators