MEDITERRANEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES
VOL. 13 NO. 6 (MIJHSS) MARCH, 2021
Published by: MEDITERRANEAN PUBLICATIONS AND RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL,
Canberra ACT 0201, Australia.
Bayero University, Kano, PMB 3011, Kano State, Nigeria.
E-MAIL: mediterraneanresearchpub@gmail.com PHONE: +234-708-717-324
THE PLACE OF AGENCY THEORY IN THE INTERPRETATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL DATA
EBBAH EMMANUEL; & ABDULMALIK ABDULMALIK A.
Department of Archaeology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Abstract
The beauty of every archaeological investigation is the interpretation of the past through material remains. Among the principles and theories for archaeological interpretation is Agency. Agency is a principle used to explain and resolve issue in the relationship between environment and human. This is just all about putting people back in the past and the relationship between them (humans); consequences of their action and their environment. This paper is a review of the concept of Agency from general perspective to archaeological interpretation; highlighted the themes of archaeological agency; and as well as the significances of Agency Theory in Archaeological interpretation.
KEYWORDS: Archaeology, Agency theory, Interpretation, Relationship and Action.
COGNITIVE DISPOSITION OF YOUNG COUPLES IN OGUN STATE TOWARDS SOCIAL MEDIA FRAMING OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AGAINST MEN
OMOWUMI BUKOLA OLASEINDE-FAYOMI; & HELEN ODUNOLA ADEKOYA (Ph.D)
Department of Mass Communication, Babcock University, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Recent incidents and reports on social media of women perpetrating domestic violence against men have indicated a shift in perpetration of domestic violence. This new dimension of domestic violence perpetration shows that domestic violence is taking another shape which needs to be addressed. It is on this premise that this study examined the cognitive disposition of young couples in Ogun State towards social media framing of domestic violence against men. Survey research design was adopted with questionnaire as instrument of data collection to elicit responses from 813 young couples out of the 3060 registered couples in the three senatorial districts which are Abeokuta South, Yewa South and Sagamu in Ogun State that constitutes the population of the study. The study was anchored on framing and cultivation theories. Findings of this study showed that increased in social media framing of domestic violence using conflict frame, morality frame and economic frame lead to increase in young couples’ cognitive disposition towards domestic violence. While increased social media framing of domestic violence using thematic/episodic/attribution of blame frame and human interest frame will reduce young couple cognitive disposition towards domestic violence. Therefore it recommends that social media narratives of domestic violence should use more of thematic, episodic and attribution of blame and human interest frames to reduce young couples’ cognitive disposition of domestic violence from the perspective of power and control, low self restraint, denigrating of spouse loss of self-worth, physical harm, psychological harm and manipulation.
KEYWORDS: Domestic violence, Social media, Framing, Young couples, Cognitive disposition.
ETHNO-RELIGION VIOLENCE IN ZARLAND ECONOMY
*WADAM Z.S.; *ADAMU E.R.; **ZAKKA W. G.; & ***ZAKKA V.
*Department of Arts Education, Faculty of Education, University of Jos, Plateau State. **Department of Criminology and Security Studies, Faculty of Social Science, University of Jos, Plateau State. ***Faculty of Law, Bauchi State University Gadau, Bauchi State
Abstract
The paper examines the effects of ethno-religious violence in Zarland. It also focuses attention on the economic aspect, which has experienced a considerate lack of development in recent time. The paper addressed the identified areas of interest such as: business transactions between neighbouring towns and villages, transportation, production and making of crops and farm animals. It becomes necessary to preface possible solutions to such problems and make recommendations that will help to bring back to cordial relations enjoyed between Christians and Muslims in the distance past and restore the lost glory of Zarland because of the persistent violence. The paper emphasized the need for peaceful co-existence in the area and nationwide so that the development programmes will be achieved.
KEYWORDS: Ethno-religious, violence, effects, Zarland, economy.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF BORNO RADIO TELEVISION IN CREATING AWARENESS ON ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION IN MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE, NIGERIA
ABBA BABAKURA MOHAMMED
Desert Research Monitoring and Control Centre, Yobe state University, Damaturu.
Abstract
Electronic media plays a pivotal role in the process of education, information provision and entertainment of people. In the same vein, the media provides awareness to people, especially in local communities on matters related to environmental protection. This study sets out to examine the role of the Borno Radio Television (BRTV), in creating awareness among people in Borno State of Nigeria on environmental Sanitation. The study aimed at assessing the level of awareness of people on environmental sanitation in the study area, the role played by the state Television in providing awareness on environmental sanitation, and identification of possible challenges encountered in the use of the Borno Radio Television in creating awareness on environmental sanitation among people in the study area. Questionnaire was administered to 137 respondents who were randomly selected. Also interviews conducted with key informants. The study found out that BRTV has not played an appreciable role in creating awareness on environmental sanitation due to fewer numbers of trained journalists on environmental reporting. They also experience low level of coverage and lack of funding. In view of the above findings, the study recommended that BRTV should pay more attention to the coverage of environmental sanitation issues, and enhance its transmission spectrum to cover a greater part of Borno State. It also recommended that other languages apart from Kanuri, Hausa, and English be used for broader Coverage.
KEYWORDS: Environment, Role of Media, Sanitation, Awareness
DISCOURSE PHENOMENOLOGY OF A REFORM AGENDA: EXPLORING THE EDITORIAL FRAMING INTERVENTION OF SELECTED NATIONAL NEWSPAPERS ON THE RESTRUCTURING DEBATE IN NIGERIA
OLUWAFEMI T. OLOMOJOBI; & KOLADE AJILORE
Department of Mass Communication, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Abstract
The imperative to restructure Nigeria’s federal configuration is a decentralisation reform agenda that has risen in prominence in recent years. The demand for restructuring, with the ambiguity and sublimity with which political actors often engage the discourse, has generated strident debates. It is against this background that this study examined the multifaceted discourse on the restructuring phenomenon through the editorial framing intervention of selected national newspapers. The study adopted the qualitative research design in content analysing five national newspapers- Daily Sun, Vanguard, The Guardian, The Punch and Nigerian Tribune. The complete enumeration technique was applied in examining all editorials on restructuring found in the weekday editions of the selected newspapers published between May 1, 2017 and May 30, 2019. Findings revealed that the selected newspapers were largely uniform in projecting the restructuring discourse along the framing dimensions of problem definition, causal interpretation, moral evaluation, and treatment recommendation. It was concluded that the advocacy stance of the newspapers on restructuring reflected the editorial judgment value of social proximity, but that they were mainly issue-focused and not ethnically fixated. The study’s contributions to media framing literature and empirical research on the restructuring debate in Nigeria were also established.
KEYWORDS: Media framing, Nigerian newspapers, Editorials, Restructuring, Political reform, Decentralisation, Federalism.
NIGERIAN MEDIA AND THE ERADICATION OF ETHNO-RELIGIOUS CRISES: LESSONS FROM RWANDA
ONIFADE, OLUWAFEMI SUNDAY; & NNELI, SONIA NWABUGO
*Department of Mass Communication, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi. **Sunshine International School Bauchi
Abstract
This paper examines peace at a macro level in two Sub-Saharan Africa countries; Nigeria and Rwanda. It explores the relationship between the political system and the media system relative peace experienced in Nigeria and Rwanda. Based on the tenets of libertarian and development media theories, this paper explores the historical and social peculiarities that shape the prevailing political and media paradigms in both countries. Based on a comparative analysis of secondary data on each country, the paper suggests that the Rwandan political and media model offers greater political stability, social cohesion, peace and development than the Nigerian political and media paradigms. It therefore recommends for a collaboration between Nigerian media and government for the eradication of ethno-religious tension because it peaceful co-existence among the constituent groups could be a platform for national development.
KEYWORDS: Development Communication, Peace, Nigeria, Rwanda, Political Communication
THE RECRUITMENT POLICY OF NIGERIAN PUBLIC SECTOR WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO CURRENT PRACTICE IN GOMBE STATE CIVIL SERVICE IN THE PROVISION OF QUALITY SERVICE DELIVERY
*JAMIYAL NATHAN DAUDA; *AUWAL AHMED MAGAJI; *HADASSAH B. MALLE; **USMAN ALI; ***USMAN ABDULLAHI; & ****MUHAMMAD YUNUSA
*Department of General Studies, Gombe State Polytechnic, Bajoga. **Library Unit, Gombe State Polytechnic, Bajoga. ***Department of ICT, Gombe State Polytechnic, Bajoga. ****Department of Accounting, Gombe State Polytechnic, Bajoga.
Abstract
Every organization regardless of its size, product or service must recruit applicants to fill vacant positions. The efficiency and effectiveness of any work place, largely depends on the calibre of the work force. The paper examined recruitment policies in Gombe State civil service as to whether it has fostered quality service delivery in Gombe public sector. The primary question that was explored is on the recruitment policies in the civil service. The paper concludes Gombe State civil service is faced with poor recruitment policies and practices which have affected service delivery in the state. Given the identified constraints, it recommends among others, that the current recruitment policy in the civil service that calls for uniform qualifications do not specify classification of degrees, diplomas and certificates should be modified to make provision on preference for candidates with outstanding results at all levels of education. The research adopted max Weber’s theory of Bureaucracy and the source of data was primarily, secondary.
KEYWORDS: Recruitment, Public Sector, Policy, Civil Service, Quality Service Delivery.
EXPLORING THE POTENCY OF RELIGION FOR LEADERSHIP CHANGE IN NIGERIA: CHRISTIAN PERSPECTIVE
ILORI, MORONKE O.; & OYELADE, SAMSON O.
National Meseum Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Leadership as a concept is very significant and fundamental in human relationships and it is central to the ordering in the society. The success and achievements of an organization, group or society to a great extent is proportional to the prevailing leadership abilities. When leaders do their work effectively, people in the society are challenged, inspired, enabled, molded and encouraged, bringing about positive change in the society. This work thus examines the society through analytical approach coupled with consultations from other relevant literatures and exploration of examples of leaders in the Bible. It was observed that leaders need to be role models in all ramifications, stakeholders in the academic and spiritual realms need to inculcate building of effective leadership in their tenets and institutions as core lessons for the next generations; there exist sharp contrasts between biblical leaders and secular ones. Hence, it is imperative that religious leaders and adherents (Christians inclusive) should be extraordinarily different in their leadership roles, should not allow their religious beliefs to jeopardize their actions in the society. Again, role model leaders and their tenets exemplified in Bible days should be incorporated in the nation’s’curriculum as core topics and subject.
KEYWORDS: Leadership, Christian, Religion, Change and society
MENACE OF DRUG AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROBLEMS TO ADOLESCENTS AND THE SOCIETY
*ANASIN SALISU MUHAMMA; **MUSA BABA ABUBAKAR; **ADAM MUHAMMAD EL-HAMEES; & **ADAMU SALEH
*Registry Dept. Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi. **Dept. General Studies, School Of General Studies. Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi.
Abstract
Drugs or substance abuse continues to be the major risk behaviour among youth and adolescents, with physical and mental health complications. Despite the known risks associated with the drugs, adolescents continue using these drugs. This paper reveals the prevalence of drug abuse among adolescent’s in Nigeria societies, problems associated with drugs abuse and reasons why adolescents are vulnerable to drugs abuse. Drug abuse causes a lot of risk among the adolescents; it results to gang formation, armed robbery, mental illness and cultism. Studies revealed that most of the drug addicts started smoking from their young age. As they grow older they seek new thrills and gradually go into hard drugs. There was an indication that 65 percent of high school students used drugs to have good time, 54 percent wanted to experiment to see what it is like, 20–40 percent used it to alter their moods. It concludes by prescribing some ways of curbing the menace arising from drug abuse and a little history of drug.
KEYWORDS: Adolescents, Substance abuse, Problem, Society and Prevention.
RELEVANCE OF HABERMAS AND THE COURSES OF DELAY IN DISPENSATION OF JUSTICE IN NIGERIA
*ALIYU BAWURO BASHIR; **SANI MUSTAPHA KURA; & **AISHATU MUSA
*Social Studies Department, College of Education Zing, Taraba State **Department of Social Work, Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri, Borno State.
Abstract
Human societies are governed and controlled by some social laws which help in mounding human behavior to be in line with the societal norms and values. Consequently, in the course of their interaction therefore, because of the complexity of human being, society is faced with multiple of social problems which eventually forced human being to think of some possible solutions to the problems facing society at that time so that the community can coexist peacefully with each other as members of that community.
KEYWORDS: Dispensation, Delay and Justice
X-RAYING SALIENT ISSUES IN FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF WOMEN IN NIGERIA: A PARADIGM SHIFT
*VEN JONATHAN CHIOMEREM EGESI; **DR ANYAOHA OKECHUKWU; & **EGESI JULIET ADAKU(MRS)
*Imo State Polytechnic Umuagwo-Ohaji, P.M.B 1472, Owerri **Imo State University, Owerri
Abstract
Women have been discovered to be the most unprivileged lot. Their male counterparts are considered superior and at the slightest opportunity lord it over them even with reckless abandon .It is equally discovered that culturally women are second class citizens while men are taken as lords who should be respected at all times. On the other hand, culture plays key role because factors responsible for submerging the women folk seem to be embedded in various culture and are therefore considered as untouchable. The above statement form the gamut of this study.
KEYWORDS: Salient, Issues, Fundamental, R\ights, Women, Paradigm Shift.
REFORMATION POLICIES IN THE NIGERIAN PRISONS SYSTEM
NNABUENYI CHRISTOPHER CHUKWUNONSO; & UKANDU UGOCHI LAETICIA
Department of Public Administration, Federal Polytechnic, Oko.
Abstract
The main aim of establishing the prison institution in all parts of the world including Nigeria is to provide a rehabilitation and correctional facility for those who have violated the rules and regulations of their society. However, the extent to which this maxim is true in practice has been a subject of controversy. A casual observation of the population that goes in and out of the prisons in Nigeria presupposes that there are some problems in the system, hence the prisons system has not been able to live up to its expected role in Nigeria. Against this background, this paper makes an argument on why reform is necessary in the Nigerian prisons. Some of these reasons include reforming the prisoners to be better than what they were before they were imprisoned, rehabilitate the prisoners in order to equip them with new skills or improve on their old ones, and seclude criminals from the rest of the society, pending when they have atoned for their “sins”. The structural-functionalist approach of the system theory for the study of human society and culture as proposed by Radcliff-Brown of the British School of social anthropology and later developed by Meyer Fortes and Max Gluckman is utilized in explaining prison environment. Main sources of information for this study are secondary materials which include, journals and official bulletin of the government. Among other issues, this discourse articulates various reforms that have already taken place and are still on-going in the Nigerian prison system. These include efforts in the decongestion process, provision of necessary infrastructure facilities and other logistics including transportation services and general skills acquisition programmes. This article also makes a critical impact appraisal of the reform processes in the system. From the appraisal, the author believes that there are more gains than pains in the system since the gradual reform processes therein. In order to deal finally with prison congestion, this paper suggests that the decongestion committee needs to be strengthened in its work by changing their periodic visit to the prisons to be more regular and frequent, more prison yards need to be built, more non-governmental organizations should be encouraged and allowed to visit the prisons to monitor the activities there, from which they can make an input in form of suggestions to the various reform committees on what to do.
KEYWORDS: Reforms. Penal System. Human Rights. Challenges. Nigeria
PUBLIC PERCEPTION ON GOVERNMENT INFORMATION ON COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN NORTHERN NIGERIA
KABIRU IDRIS MUHAMMAD
School of General Studies, Kano State Polytechnic – Nigeria
Abstract
Covid-19 is a disease that has devastating impact on public health in the world. Above all, it has crippled economic activities of people as a result of persistent lockdowns imposed at various regular intervals. Against this paper explores the level of government information on Covid-19 in Northern Nigeria. Information on Covid-19 is incumbent responsibility of government; therefore, the way people perceive it and act on it depends on trust established between government and the people. The paper used purposive sampling technique selecting four states in northern Nigeria, namely Kano, Katsina, Sokoto and Kaduna. The choice of them is informed by the fact that they are the most populous states in the region. Seven key questions were slotted in the questionnaires and one hundred and forty respondents (140) were randomly given the questionnaires to offer their responses as regard to the way they perceived government information on Covid-19 pandemic. In addition, some of the respondents were interviewed to elicit their responses in narrative form.
KEYWORDS: Information, Northern, Public Perception, Covid-19, Pandemic, Government
BRIEF CITATION ON SULTAN MUHAMMADU TAMBARI (1924-1931): THE LATEST SULTAN FROM ATIKAWA HOUSE
YUSUF SARKINGOBIR
Department of Biology Shehu Shagari College of Education Sokoto Nigeria
Abstract
Muhammadu Tambari was born to the family of Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Maiturare Marafa, and he obtained his foundational Islamic education. Later he became Sarkingobir Gwadabawa in 1915 which he held to 1924 when he became Sarkin Musulmi amids oppositions from many sides. Maiturare tried to deal with all the forces opposing him. He also tried to wave the hands of British off the Islamic affairs of the Sultanate. At the end he was removed and exiled to Wukari, where he contributed to the developments of the region. He later died in 1935. He did he did his efforts during his reign as prince, Sarkingobir, Sarkin Musulmi and thereafter.
KEYWORDS: Sokoto, Sultanate, Maiturare, Gwadabawa, council, Muhammadu Maiturare, Tambari
TRAGIC RE-VISION AND WOMEN IN NIGERIAN CIVIL WAR: A STUDY OF CHIMAMANDA ADICHIE’S HALF OF A YELLOW SUN
EZEKWERE CHIDOZIE EZEKIEL
Department of Languages, School of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic, Oko
Abstract
The Nigeria civil war is a devastating war that took place between 1967 to 1970. Despite the corpus of researches done on the war literature, one discovers that not very much detailed work have been done through the feminist lenses. It is against this backdrop that a female author under focus has provided us with an intensive narration of how women and young girls had to grapple with the attendant fallouts of the war, even more than men ever experienced. This study reveals that women are not as weak, seductive, wayward or toys to be used and dumped as observed from the stereotypical presentation of the female folks by early male authors on the Nigerian Civil War. This study is anchored on feminism as a theoretical framework. This study therefore indicates that Adichie has opened a new era in which future researchers will see women as courageous and strong and had contributed immensely in fighting the war and telling its stories.
KEYWORDS: Devastating, War, Feminist, Folks, Fallouts.
SPINSTERHOOD; ITS PREVALENT, DETERMINANTS AND CONSEQUENCES: A SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW
SANI SHEHU
College of Education, Legal and General Studies, Misau, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This paper is an attempt to study the concept of spinsterhood in its sociological approaches. Spinsterhood simply refers to singleness or a state being not married by someone who is for quit a long period of time become due for marriage. Many factors that lead to spinsterhood are looked into in this paper. Likewise, the consequences and social implications are also studied. Categories of single women are discussed among other things.
KEYWORDS: Spinsterhood, prevalent, determinants, consequences, marriage.