MEDITERRANEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AFRICAN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
VOL. 13 NO. 2 (MIJASD) MARCH, 2021
Published by: MEDITERRANEAN PUBLICATIONS AND RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL,
Canberra ACT 0201, Australia.
Bayero University, Kano, PMB 3011, Kano State, Nigeria.
E-MAIL: mediterraneanresearchpub@gmail.com PHONE: +234-708-717-324
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN EFFICIENT MICROCONTROLLER BASED SUN TRACKER FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC ELECTRICITY POWER GENERATION
HA ABDULKAREEM1, C. U. NDUBISI2, A. M. S. TEKANY3, H. ADAMU4, U. F. ABDU-AGUYE5, M. D. ALMUSTAPHA6, Z. M. ABDULLAHI7 A. Y. KASSIM8, Z. Z. MUHAMMAD9 AND I. K. MUSA10
1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9,10Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. 2Centre for Energy Research & Training, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Abstract
Solar energy is rapidly gaining importance as an alternative source of electric power energy. To make solar energy more practical, effectiveness of solar panel system must be maximized. A feasible approach to maximized the efficiency of the solar panel systems is the sun tracking. The assembly programming language is used to interface the microcontroller with the solar tracking system. This paper is about moving a solar panel along with the direction of sun light; it uses a motor to change the position of the solar panel, motor is controlled by Atmel 89c51 microcontroller, which detects the sun light using photocells and liquid crystal display (LCD) to display the charging voltage of the PV module at every point in time.
KEYWORDS: Sunlight Intensity, solar cell, solar energy, solar electric generation and luminous intensity
THE ROLE OF ARCHAEOLOGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD’S CULTURAL TOURISM
ABDULMALIK ABDULMALIK. A.; & EBBAH EMMANUEL
Department of Archaeology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Abstract
Archaeology is concern about the preservation and promotion of World’s heritage. This discipline is all about the identification, preservation, decolonization, publication, and stewardship of cultural resources which in turn referred to as cultural tourism. This paper tends to address the role of archaeology in the development of world’s cultural tourism as the basic focus. It also addressed the impact of the development of cultural tourism, challenges of the development and also concluded with the basis of the need to solve the problems facing the development of cultural tourism. This paper is an output of many literatures reviewed on the concept of cultural tourism and archaeology.
KEYWORDS: Archaeology, Cultural resources management, World Cultural Tourism, Impact and Challenges.
STUDY OF PARASITIC CONTAMINATION ON VEGETABLE CULTIVATED IN KOFAR MARUSA WATERWAY AND AJIWA DAM GARDENS
AHMAD LAWAL NUHU1, DANJUMA MUHAMMAD1, AISHA DANJUMA MUHAMMAD2
1Department of Biology. School of Sciences, Federal College of Education, Katsina. 2Department of Business Education, Federal College of Education, Katsina.
Abstract
This study investigated the parasitic contamination on vegetables cultivated in KofarMarusa and Ajiwa Dam Gardens in Katsina State. 50 samples each of Lettuce, Carrot, Cabbage and Amaranthus were collected from each of the two gardens and processed using wet method. Parasites such as hookworm, E. histolytica, E. vermicularis, Schistosoma, paragonimus, B. coli and ascariswere detected in the vegetables.Sixty-seven percent (67.5%)of vegetables cultivated in KofarMarusa waterway gardens tested positive for parasite contamination while 42% of the same vegetables cultivated inAjiwa Dam gardens tested positive for parasite contamination. Lettuce is the most parasite contaminated vegetable with 45(90%) and 31(62%) prevalence while the least parasite contaminated is carrot with 7(14%) and 3(6%) prevalence for both KofarMarusa and Ajiwa Dam gardens respectively. The observed parasite prevalence do not significantly differs from the expected prevalence for KofarMarusa (χ2= 28.64;p>0.05) and Ajiwa Dam (χ2 = 22.10; P>0.05).Density of parasite in Lettuce (F1, 19 = 4.851; p <0.05), Cabbage (F1, 19 = 1.714; p <0.05) and Ammaranthus(F1, 19 = 1.231; p <0.05)from the two sites significantly differs with higher parasite density in KofarMarusa than in Ajiwa Dam garden except for parasite contamination in carrot which do not significantly differ (F1, 19 =.067; p >0.05). It was concluded that, vegetables cultivated in KofarMarusa waterway are more parasite contaminated than vegetables cultivated in Ajiwa Dam as such, vegetables should be washed properly with salt or any other safety means to sanitize vegetables before eating.
KEYWORDS: Parasite, Vegetables, KofarMarusa Waterway, AjiwaDam, Gardens
PERSON-ORGANISATION FIT AND JOB PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN KWARA STATE
ABDULFATAI ALABI AIYELABEGAN
Department of Business and Entrepreneurship, Kwara State University, Nigeria.
Abstract
For better utilization of human resources, person-organization fit is used to align the knowledge, skills and abilities of the employees with the assigned roles in the organization. Several local governments in Nigeria are without person-organization fit and they are faced with many challenges that make it difficult for them to achieve their setting goals. As a result of this, improving person-organization fit in the local government system had become utmost importance. This study examined the effect of person-organization fit determinants such as selection of workers and organization commitment on job performance (measured by effectiveness) in Local Government System of Kwara State. With a population of 8.878 senior management staffs of Local Government Council and 369 copies of questionnaire were administered on the respondents using Taro Yamane. A likert-scale 1-5 point was adopted, Descriptive analysis performed indicated that all determinants of person-organization fit were evenly distributed. Therefore, the result of multiple regression analysis carried out indicated that determinants of person-organization fit such as selection of workers and organization commitment have a positive significant effect on job performance measured by effectiveness. The further findings revealed that person-organization fit play an important role on job performance in the local government system. The findings of study contributed to the knowledge and offered an insight to the academic field of learning. The study concluded that person-organization fit can help to equip employees with knowledge and provide them sense of belonging which in turn could improve job performance in local government system. It was recommended that Local government authority should focus on all antecedents of personorganization fit, especially personality traits so as to staff commitments towards the organisation.
KEYWORDS: Person-organisation fit, selection of workers, organization commitments, job effectiveness, job performance
DRIVERS OF SLUM DEVELOPMENT IN THE KARU LOCAL GOVERNMENT, NASARAWA STATE NIGERIA
MUNIR MUHAMMAD JUNAID, PROFESSOR N. M. IDRIS, DR. A. T. OGAH, PROF. N. D. MARCUS
Faculty of Environmental Science Nasarawa State University, Keffi Nigeria.
Abstract
Constant migration of people in search of better goods and services to urban area is trending in the 20th century, this has depopulated the location migrated from and overpopulated locations migrated to. This activity has led to Urbanization which has resulted in the overdependence on available facilities in the urban areas like Housing infrastructure which has lead to the development of slums. This study evaluated the various factors of slum development in karu local government of Nasarawa state Nigeria, in order to proper sustainable cause effective solutions to the problems associated with slum development. In order to accomplish the aim, the study examined the drivers in six slum settlements selected from Mararaba, Karu and Masaka communities. It also identified the main causes of slum in the area and perceived needs and preferences of slum upgrading by slum dwellers. The study was based on survey research design and mixed technique approach (qualitative and quantitative) was used for data collection and analysis. Data for the study were collected through direct field observation, photographs, questionnaire administration and interviews. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study revealed Urbanization as one of the main causes of slum development in the area. Based on the identified needs and preferences of the slum dwellers for upgrading which showed a sharp contrast with past interventions, participatory urban slum upgrading was suggested as the best strategy in dealing with slum upgrading in the area.
KEYWORDS: slum, urbanization, causes, sustainable
CELEBRITIES ON INSTAGRAM AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG NIGERIAN YOUTHS
KOLADE AJILORE; & OLUWAFISAYO F. ABDUL
Communication and Media Studies, Department of Mass Communication, Babcock University, IIishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Abstract
The pervasive level of substance abuse among youths has generated heightened concern among public health advocates. An avalanche of studies has documented an upsurge in the intake of psychoactive substances by youths. A section of the society has attributed this disturbing trend to celebrities’ depiction of these substances on social media while others trace it to peer-influence. In this study, non-numeric data harvested using focus group sessions in three separate universities suggested that motivations ranging from the inclination to be sociable, to maximize sexual pleasure, to measure up to idealised standard among others that featured prominently in respondents’ discussion.
KEYWORDS: Celebrities on Instagram, Substance Abuse, Celebrities’ depiction, Substance Dependency, Nigerian Youth.
LAND OWNER’S DISCERNMENT ON COMPULSORY LAND ACQUISITION OF LAND. IGABI AND KADUNA NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA IN FOCUS.
*ESV AMINA MUSA ALIYU; **ESV (MAL) BATURE ALI MUHAMMAD; & **ASABE JOSHUA SHEKARAU.
*Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Nuhu Bamali Polytechnic, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. **Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Nuhu Bamali Polytechnic, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Compulsory land acquisition is no doubt a government power to make land available for the provision of social amenities. However, it has attracted numerous controversies. Having resulted to the displacement of a whole/part of the community, affects people cohesion, livelihood and way of life. This study examines the land owner Perception on issues of compulsory land Acquisition in Igabi and Kaduna North Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria. Simple Random and purposive sampling was used to select 150 affected property owners (claimants) in the study area with the use of structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were employed in the data analyses. The perceptions of landowners in the Igabi and Kaduna North Local Government Areas of Kaduna State, Nigeria, on issues of compulsory land acquisition are investigated in this study. A formal questionnaire was used to select 150 affected property owners (claimants) in the study area using simple random and purposive sampling. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. The result showed that majority of the community heads consent to the fact that were only informed about the land acquisition in their community, majority of land owner express satisfaction with the procedures of compulsory acquisition which pointed to the fact that the principles of compulsory acquisition used by Kaduna state government is in line with its basic principles. Therefore, the study recommended that the Land Use Act as the current law governing the compulsory acquisition of land and other land issues needs to be reviewed.
KEYWORDS: Compulsory, Land Acquisition, Discernment, Local Government Area, Land Owner.
ESPOUSAL OF SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT PRACTICE FOR ACHIEVING AFRICAN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
1OJENIYI, SULAIMAN ADEKUNLE; 2HADIZA ABDULKADIR MUSA; & 3OLATUNJI OLAREWAJU SAMSON.
1Ecole Superieure Sainte Felicite University, Cotonou, Republic of Benin. 2Department of Estate Management, College of Environmental Studies, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, Nigeria 3Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin Kwara State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Sustainable development is the focal point of global economic policy. It focuses on inclusive or broad-based growth sustained over time. It also places emphasizes on environmental, economic and social considerations of developing countries to have a fulfilled wellbeing. The account of Africa in terms of new sustainable development is inundated with good and bad. Bearing it in mind that Africa as a continent happens to be one of the fastest growing economies in the world. It is blessed with a favorable weather and large landmass for agriculture, couple with the needed large resources in terms of human and natural resources. Therefore, it follows that African is seen as land of outstanding. Land is the true wealth of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The region is characterized by a very rich diversity of natural ecosystem resources, including soils, vegetation, water and genetic diversity. However, African land and water resources in some areas are seriously threatened through overuse although per capita availability is one of the highest in the world. This is a direct result of the increasing needs of a growing population, combined, often, with inappropriate land management practices. Thus, on the one hand, the African population is growing at over two percent a year. Requiring a doubling of food production by 2030 to keep pace with demand; on the other hand, productivity of natural resources is in general in decline. Additionally, the number of natural disasters has increased and climate change is already taking its toll, these and many others issues have thus inhibiting Sub Saharan African growth in the millennium era. A new system of management and governance of land resources is urgently needed; the one that is able to respond in a systematic and integrated manner to this key development challenge is sustainable land Management. Sustainable land management (SLM) practice is a comprehensive approach, with the potential of making very significant and lasting differences in the near future, and over the long-term. Sustainable Land management should be effective and transparent to ensure land public services. This paper assessed the indispensable advantages of Sustainable land management practice for Sub-Saharan African sustainable development.
KEYWORDS: Sub-Sahara African, Sub-Sahara African Resources, Sustainable Land Management, Natural Resources, Sustainable development.
YOUTHS AND ONLINE FOOTBALL BETTING IN NIGERIA: AN EXPOSITION OF ADVERTISEMENTS’ ROLE.
ADEKOYA, HELEN ODUNOLA Ph.D; & AKINTEYE, OLUGBADE ADEWUYI
Department of Mass Communication, Babcock University, Ilishan, Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Abstract
As established by various research findings, betting has become one of the booming businesses in most nations of the world, as it contributes billions of dollars to the gross domestic product (GDP) of several nations that allow it. It equally provides employment opportunities for job seekers just as it is regarded as a means of income generation for the unemployed. The recent boom experienced in the betting industry, can be strongly connected with the role played by betting advertisements, aggressively deployed by betting operators. Due to the high level of exposure to betting advertisements in the society over time, the act of betting has grown to seem normal, acceptable, harmless and credible activity. This portends great danger to the nation, as the moral values of hardwork, diligence and perseverance has been eroded and replaced with the get-richquick syndrome promised by betting. Though the powerful impact of advertising on adolescents and youths have been studied in several public health and advertising fields (including alcohol, tobacco and junk food consumption) with a view to minimising potential harms caused by certain marketing techniques, the effects of betting advertisements on youths, particularly in Nigeria, have been largely neglected by scholars but have been widely reported in the media. This paper therefore is an attempt to examine the relationship between online football betting advertisement and the Nigerian youths and establish the nexus between advertisements on the Nigerian online space and the youths betting habit.
KEYWORDS: Nigerian Youths, Football Betting, Online Advertisement
SERVICE DELIVERY AND ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS IN NIGERIANS POLYTECHNICS
*ANASIN SALISU MUHAMMAD; **MUSA BABA ABUBAKAR; ***ADAM MUHAMMAD EL-HAMEES; & ****ADAMU SALEH.
*Registry Dept. Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi Bauchi State. **Dept. General Studies, School Of General Studies. Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi Bauchi State. ***Dept. Of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi Bauchi State. ****Dept. Of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi Bauchi State.
Abstract
The paper is a synthesis of some concepts and issues in Service delivery and Administrative functions. It approached the discourse in a concise and lucid manner which was anchored essentially on secondary data and analytical framework. This paper interrogated some of the constraints in Nigerian’s Polytechnics towards Service delivery and role of Servicom within the environment in which public administration operates and highlighted the administrative and service delivery.
KEYWORDS: Service delivery, administrative, functions, institutions and Servicom.
APPLICATION OF MARX, WEBER AND VEBLEN’S THEORIES OF SOCIAL CLASS STRATIFICATION TO EXPLAIN THE CAUSES OF CRISES IN NIGERIA
*ALIYU BAWURO BASHIR; **SANI MUSTAPHA KURA; & **AISHATU MUSA
*Social Studies Department, College Of Education Zing, Taraba State. **Department Of Social Work, Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri, Borno State.
Abstract
The assessment of the usefulness of Marx, Weber and Veblen’s theories of social class stratification will be done by applying the theories on the contemporary Nigerian societies to see how relevant the theories are in explaining social class stratification and its effects on the Nigerian societies.
KEYWORDS: Social Class, Stratification and Theories
NATURAL RESOURCES, INDUSTRIAL OUTPUT GROWTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
*AJAH NNENNA FRANCA; **KANU NNABUGWU .C.; & *NWACHI TEMPLE OBIOMA
*Corporate Affairs and Information Department, National Productivity Centre, Imo State Office. **Productivity Measurement and Index Department, National Productivity Centre, Imo State Office.
Abstract
Industrial growth to every economy is an undisputed pre-requisite for economic development. However, growing economic activity (production and consumption) requires larger inputs of natural resources and material, and generates larger quantities of waste by-products. Increased extraction of natural resources, accumulation of waste and concentration of pollutants will therefore overwhelm the carrying capacity of the biosphere and result in the degradation of environmental quality and a decline in human welfare, despite rising incomes. At the other extreme, are those who argue that the fastest road to environmental improvement is along the path of economic growth: with higher incomes comes increased demand for goods and services that are less material intensive, as well as demand for improved environmental quality that leads to the adoption of environmental protection measures. Therefore, will the world be able to sustain industrial output growth indefinitely without running into resource constraints or despoiling the environment beyond repair? What is the relationship between a steady increase in industrial output and environmental quality? Are there trade-offs between the goals of achieving high and sustainable rates of industrial growth and attaining high standards of environmental quality? This study is aimed at solving the above mentioned questions using annual time series data. The study employed the bound testing (ARDL) approach to co-integration to examine the long run relationships between natural resource, industrial output and environmental sustainability. The result reveals that industrial development improves on the environmental quality in Nigeria while natural resource utilization causes environmental degradation. Therefore, we recommend that to achieve environmental sustainability in Nigeria, government should promote industrial development that will reduce the level of carbon emission given it method of production.
KEYWORDS: Industrial Growth, Inputs, Natural Resources, Production and Consumption, Increased Demand, Goods and Services and Products.
EXTRA ORGANIZATIONAL STRESSORS AND THE PRODUCTIVITY OF WOMEN IN NIGERIA
1CHUKWUEZI FRANKLIN NZUBECHUKWU; 1OKEKE RAYMOND NJELITA; 1ONWUMERE CHINASA; & 2ANI ANTHONY EJIKE
1Department of Business Administration and Management, Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo 2Entrepreneurship development unit, Tansian University, Umunya.
Abstract
Stress is a factor that affects the performance and productivity of workers in the workplace. This study is aimed at finding out how extra organizational stressors such as culture and family problems affect the productivity of women in the workplace. The problem that necessitate this study was the gap that existed in literature in this area of study as no known study to the researchers have used the indices used in this study.The study made use of a population of 755 women drawn across various organizations in Owerri and a sample size of 262 was determined using the Taro Yamene’s formula.. Structured questionnaires were distributed to the study; their opinions were tabulated and analyzed using mean statistics. The stated hypothesis was tested using the Spearman’s correlation coefficient. The findings of the study showed that each of culture and family problems adversely affected the productivity of the Nigerian women. The researchers therefore concluded that extra organizational stressors affect women more than their male counterparts. To this, the researchers recommended that cultural practices that undermine the worth of women should be abolished. Also, women should be given equal participation in organizational appointment.
KEYWORDS: Stress, extra organizational stressors, productivity, culture, family problems.
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A CASSAVA GRATER MACHINE
*SIBEUDU CHIWETALU EMENIKE; & **OCHUBA NNAMDI SOMTOCHUKWU
*Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Oko, Anambra State. **Department of mechanical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Oko.
Abstract
The aim of this project report is to design a cassava grater machine that is capable of grating different chipped sizes of locally peeled or mechanized peeled cassava at the cheapest rate, the commonest available materials and processes. The cassava grater machine was effectively design and fabricated, materials selected for different component was so chosen to suit its reliability, availability and easy maintenance with high utilization. In this work, a high quality machine with an estimated production cost of N 23,600 against the cost of N 45,000 for exiting cost, with a thorough put of 200Kg/hr and efficiency of 75.3% was produced.
KEYWORDS: Machine, Fabrication, Cassava, Design, Grater.
SOLID STATE TRANSFORMER: A TECHNICAL REVIEW
*HASSAN ADAMU DAYA; **UMAR MOHAMMED; & ***MUSA HALADUI
*Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tech., Mai Idriss Alooma Potechnic Geidam Yobe tate **Deparment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tech., The federal Polytechnic Damaturu Yobe state ***Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tech., Federal Polytechnic Mubi Adamawa State.
Abstract
This review paper provides an overview of the development of Solid State Transformer (SST), that is targeted towards the replacement and enhancement of the existing Conventional Transformers. Also the technology is being researched upon to provide the best possible benefits for the Current Distribution system. Due to the government policies, there is much emphasis on Renewable Energy Resources now a day, which requires integration of renewables with existing grid. SST will be a key link in integration. The development of a Solid State Transformer also known as Power Electronics Transformer can completely revolutionize the existing Power system with its multiple Functions and Capabilities.
KEYWORDS: Transformer, Solid State Transformer, Power Electronics, Voltage, FACTS, Power Systems.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF PLASTICS WASTE DISPOSAL ON LAND AND AIR POLLUTION: A REVIEW
BARKA, M. A1. ISSA, A. K2 AND UNWAHA, J. I3
1Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, P.M.B. 35 Adamawa state. 2&3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, P.M.B. 35 Adamawa state.
Abstract
This paper discussed the effect of environmental pollution as a result of plastics disposal. Little efforts are involved in some parts of the world associated to plastic waste collection, recycling and reuse. The identification and discussion of environmental pollution generated by plastic production and waste generated in the environment, negative impact of plastic waste disposed on our environment are performed in this paper and some technological measures for plastic waste reduction were highlighted. Although plastic polymers are not considered toxic, some residual monomers contained in the materials can be hazardous. Also, many chemical compounds used in the plastics manufacturing as additives, in particular plasticizers are dangerous to human health and the environment, along with some degradation products that may be released during the plastic life cycle. Plastic pollution is capable of affecting air, waterways and land as a large percentage of land creatures have died due to the fact that plastic is non-biodegradable and it causes hazards to soil. Plastic pollution in soils poses a major threat to soil health and soil fertility that are directly linked to food security and human health. Plastics also emit toxic gasses when exposed or heated up. It blocks drainage lines and fill up land space causing floods and erosion thereby causing deterioration of the Nigerian roads. Plastics wastes are also harmful to human health; they may contain harmful acids which may lead to death. However, with the declination of oil prices and increase in plastic wastes, the world is tending towards energy and sustainable development. Recycling is one of the most important actions currently available to reduce these impacts and represents one of the most dynamic areas in the plastics industry today. Recycling provides opportunities to reduce oil usage, carbon dioxide emissions and the quantities of waste requiring disposal. This paper therefore seeks to identify favorable technological methods for plastic wastes management in Nigeria as a tool for solution to diversification and implementation.
KEYWORDS: environmental pollution, recycling, impact, waste disposal, technological method.
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING: A CLARON CALL TO INCLUSIVE CITY RESILIENCE IN NIGERIA
1AYADU KOFFI; AND 2IDIBEKE EKOTT
1Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Ekpene. 2Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Abstract
Cities all over the world are currently facing physical development challenge crisis due to rapid population growth and the rate of urban expansion. As this continued unabated, the frequency and intensity of physical development is increasing, giving an impetus to the estimated population of the half of the world population that are currently living in urban area. In Nigeria just like other countries, our cities are currently facing increasing environmental, social and economic challenges that together threaten the resilience of urban areas and the inclusiveness of the residents who live and work there. As these populations are frequently cripple by the fact that our cities are currently facing an unprecedented risk of global health pandemic and natural hazards compounded by serious governance challenges, it becomes imperative that this paper examined Nigeria’s prospects of achieving the SDG11 via a better Physical development planning that will make our cities more inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable. The study adopted exploratory research approach to examined the concept of inclusive and resilience city. The paper revealed the need for the adoption of inclusive and resilience city strategies for physical development of Nigerian cites as there are many benefits derivable. Based on the findings, it is concluded that conscious effort and strong commitment are needed to make our cities inclusive and resilient. Thus, development of resilient cities should be positioned around reducing resource consumption, integrating social and environmental criteria alongside economic interests in decision-making, and mitigating and adapting to climate change.
KEYWORDS: Physical Development, Planning, Inclusiveness, City Resilience, Nigeria
IMPROVING RURAL ACCESS FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ZAMFARA STATE
*1UMAR AHMAD MASARI, 2ABADULLAHI DALHAT SALISU AND 2ABDURRAHMAN GARBA
1Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Kaura Namoda, Nigeria. 2Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Nigeria.
Abstract
Accessibility can be regarded as a measure of how easy a place is to get to in less time and minimum effort, while Mobility is a measure of the ease with which people can move around. Lack of accessibility and mobility could lead to isolation, which consequently impede access to basic health, education, safe drinking water and other social services and economic activities. The objectives of Rural Access and Mobility (RAM) are to improve basic infrastructure, alleviate poverty and create an investment friendly environment. Adopting the principle of basic access approach and the use of multi-criteria method (MCA) of prioritisation of potential interventions, a number of rural roads within Zamfara State were identified, screened and ranked according to pre-set criteria of selection. Nine roads were selected out of the general inventory data of rural roads analysed in the State. Detail existing condition data of the selected routes were documented and presented to allow for the preliminary cost estimate for future interventions.
KEYWORDS: Accessibility, infrastructure, prioritisation, interventions.
ROLE OF MATHEMATICS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN ENSURING SECURITY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
ONWUBUMPE, BIBIANA NKIRUKA; & AKUNNA, OGOCHUKWU AGATHA
Department of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic Oko, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Abstract
For Nigeria as a developing nation to achieve sustainable national development there should be high value on security. A means to actualize security in Nigeria is through utilization of science and technology. Science and technology demands the application of mathematics. The paper discussed on how mathematics is valuable for the utilization of science and technology in ensuring security in Nigeria. Issues discussed in the paper are focus on security for sustainable development in Nigeria, science and technology as a means of providing security, application of mathematics in science and technology for security purpose. The paper contained some recommendations that gears towards promoting the use of mathematics in science and technology. It was pointed out that mathematics is valuable in ensuring security for it plays some role in: embracing of ethics in science and technology education, enhancing productivity in science and technological jobs, designing and repairing of security devices, offering of effective products pertaining to security.
KEYWORDS: Nigeria, sustainable development, security, science and technology, mathematics
REFOCUSING ON THE COGNITIVE AND SOCIAL EFFECT OF COVID 19 LOCK DOWN ON THE RETIRED CITIZENS IN NIGERIA AND THE CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF IT BASED VIRTUAL COLLABORATIVE SKILLS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY.
*I.K. OJUOPE1; A.O. ADETUNMBI2;O.E. OYINLOYE3
1Department of Computer Science, Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare, Bauchi State, Nigeria. 2Department of Computer Science, Federal Uni. of Technology, Akure, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State. 3Department of Comp. Sci., kiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.
Abstract
The emergence of COVID-19 pandemic has had an unprecedented effect on the lives of individuals worldwide, irrespective of age, ethnic and social demographics. The enforcement of social interaction and lock down affects a lot of people most especially the retired elderly citizens that still have the strength to work. Most workers take their job home, engaged in online office works while the retirees remain idle; this led to their frustration and development of cognitive and mental challenges (Philip and Cherian, 2020). As a result of this, this work centered on refocusing on the Cognitive and Social Effect of COVID 19 Lock Down on the Retired Citizens and the challenges and opportunities of Information Technology (IT) Based Virtual collaborative Skills for Sustainable Development in the 21ST Century. From the research conducted by Caroline (2020), on the impact of COVID-19 to date on older people’s mental and physical health, research express online omnibus amongst 1364 UK adults aged 60+ from 20th August to 3rd September 2020, it was discovered that 82% of people affected by dementia reporting an increase in dementia symptoms during COVID 19 lock down, including cognitive impairment, memory loss, difficulty concentrating, and agitation. Therefore, it is highly imperative to introduce them to IT Based Virtual collaborative Skills. This among other things will provide opportunity for virtual social interactions and also take care of other problems associated with lock down on these categories of people. In addition, it will also promote sustainable development. The elderly people however face special challenges as a result of social distancing and lock down put in place to curb the spread of the disease. Most of these retirees are still strong to work most especially people below age 65. Unless care is taken, these may face significant fallout with regard to their mental and psychological wellbeing (Armitage and Nellums, 2020). These retirees are prone to social isolation as a result of lock down; older people generally have only a close circle of friends and family with whom they always love to interact. Therefore, social interactions form a significant part of their lives in retirement, and this has seen drastic disruption with the introduction of social distancing and lock down. Lack of movement for social interaction can bring about bad mood and anxiety in the elderly.
KEYWORDS: Retired Citizens, Virtual Collaborative Skills, Information Technology, Sustainable Development, COVID 19 Pandemic Disease, Lock Down.
DNA COMPUTING BASED ON INFORMATION SECURITY TECHNOLOGY
OFUALAGBA MAMUYOVWI HELEN
Department Of Computer Science, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe-Oghara, Delta State
Abstract
The world of information security looks in new directions to protect the data it transmits. Using DNA computing in the fields of cryptography, steganography and authentication has been identified as a possible technology that may bring forward a new hope for unbreakable algorithms. Computing is far from any kind of efficient use in today’s security world. DNA authentication on the other hand has exhibited great promise with real world examples already surfacing on the marketplace today. DNA authentication practices will grow as the need for fool proof identification of individuals and items grows as well. This paper examine the concept of DNA computing and also improved security through information technology and to appreciate its benefits and challenges in our society today.
KEYWORDS: DNA, computing, security, information and encryption
EFFECT OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN ECONOMICS IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN FCT-ABUJA, NIGERIA
*AMINU, ABUBAKAR DANLADI; **BELGORE FATIMA AHMED; & ***UDOFIA ABASIAMA PHILIP
*Department of Educational Foundations, Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nigeria. **Department of Educational Management, Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nigeria. ***National Commission for Colleges of Education.
Abstract
The study examines the effect of instructional materials on students’ academic achievement in Economics in senior secondary school in FCT-Abuja. To guide the conduct of the study, four research questions and four hypotheses were postulated. The study employed quasi–experimental research design involving the non-randomized pretest, posttest, post posttest, control group design. The target population comprised 6 550 (4 752 males and 1 798 female) SS II students in public secondary schools in FCT, Abuja for the 2017/2018 academic session. The study used a sample of 180 (106 males and 74 female) SS II Economics students from two public secondary schools in Kuje Council Area of FCT, Abuja. To obtain the study sample, one (Kuje) Council Area was randomly selected out of the six Council Areas in FCT, Abuja by lucky dip. Out of 180 students sampled, 89 (47 males and 42 females) are in experimental group and 91 (49 males and 42 females) are in control group respectively. Data were collected using a 50-item Economics Achievement Test (EAT). Experts in Science, Technology and Mathematics Education and Educational Measurement and Evaluation validated the instrument. The validity index of 0.84 was obtained for EAT. Likewise the reliability index of 0.73 was determined through test retest method for EAT. Mean, Standard deviation was used to answer the research questions while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses formulated at alpha 0.05. The findings from this study revealed that there is significant difference in the achievement mean scores of students taught Economics using instructional materials and those taught without instructional materials. There was statistically significant difference in the achievement mean scores of male students taught Economics using instructional materials and those taught without instructional materials. Likewise, the study indicates that there is significant difference in the achievement mean scores of female students in the experimental and control groups and there is no significant interaction effect of treatment and gender on students’ achievement in Economics. It was concluded that students taught with instructional materials have excellent achievement scores compared with those taught without any material. Also, there is no significant interaction effect of treatment and gender on students’ achievement in Economics. The therefore recommended that the FCT Ministry of Education, Science and Technology should formulate policies that will mandate SS Economics teachers to use instructional materials as instructional tools to enhance the academic achievement of students in Economics. Also, teachers of Economics are encouraged to search for necessary instructional materials devoid of sex preference in order to eliminate gender related differences in students’ achievement in Economics.
KEYWORDS: Instructional materials, students’ achievement