THEME:
SCIENTIFIC AND SOCIO-CULTURAL RESEARCHES IN ATTAINING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY
DATE:
30th June, 2016.
VENUE:
UNIVERSITY MAIN AUDITORIUM, KWARA STATE UNIVERSITY, KSU, MALETE, KWARA STATE, NIGERIA.
PROCEEDINGS
- AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CHOICE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES AVAILABLE TO OFFICE TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT GRADUATES IN BIDA NIGER STATE NIGERIA
OMONIYI EZEKIEL OLUSHOLA1 AND ONYEUKWU P. EBERE, Ph.D2
1Department of Rural Finance and Entrepreneurship, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria 2Department of Business Administration, Nigerian Turkish Nile University, Abuja, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The curriculum for tertiary education in Nigeria now comprise of components that will in addition, equip the students with entrepreneurial skills. The idea is to combat the prevailing high level of unemployment and dependence on government for employment. Information and Communication Technology has contributed immensely to the development of our society. This study examines the entrepreneurial opportunities available to Office Technology and Management (OTM) graduates in Nigeria. Questionnaire-based survey of Liker-scale was administered to respondents that are graduates of OTM in Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria (n = 30), and some entrepreneurs that operate ICT related businesses in Bida (n = 10) was interviewed. The study reviewed that the jobs OTM undergraduates intend to do after graduation are usually legal secretary closely followed by medical secretary and lastly secretarial consultant. It was also discovered that OTM graduates do not have much interest in entrepreneurship before graduation. This is because OTM graduates do not have adequate funds and business orientation. The work therefore, recommends the need for more awareness on how graduates can assess funds to venture into their own businesses. Nigerian government should provide enabling environment and infrastructure to enable the youth to venture into their own businesses.
Keywords: Unemployment, Office Technology and Management, Secretary, Capital
- A LITERATURE SURVEY AND ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF HIGH-VOLTAGE OVERHEAD ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION LINES ON ADJOINING PROPERTY VALUES
ALIYU AHMAD ALIYU1, MOSES JONATHAN GAMBO1, UMAR AUWAL1 AND DANIEL RAYMOND1
1Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Faculty of Environmental Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, P.M.B. 0248, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Research on the effects of overhead transmission lines on property values has expanded over the past fifteen years to include new methods of analysis and more detailed examination of the data. Conclusions as a result of these studies have varied widely, with some authors reporting no effects, others finding small effects, and still others reporting quite large effects. The purpose of this paper is to review and summarize the progress of research over the past fifteen years, to assess the knowledge gained from recent research, and to suggest directions for future studies. The study found that over the past several years, multiple regression analysis has become the dominant methodology applied to the question of transmission line impact on real estate values. Results from the literature survey further suggest that the market value of residential property can be affected by proximity to high voltage power lines. Majority of the findings of previous studies, from 1950s to 2013 conclude that property value effects due to high-voltage overhead transmission lines cannot be presumed and are generally infrequent. Further research is needed which would compare the growth in property prices of sales transactions both before and after the period of HVOTL provision. In addition previous studies had been limited to a specific case study region. Further case studies using hedonic price model techniques could measure differences in possible spatial or environmental effects of various neighbouring suburbs. Future research should equally seek to provide quantitative measures of the value impact as a function of the variable identified by survey participants
Keywords: High-voltage Poles, Overhead Line, Power Plant, Property Value and Transmission Line
- EFFECTIVE CENTRAL BANKING AS STIMULUS FOR SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CENTRAL BANK OF NIGERIA (CBN)
MUSTAPHA ALI1, LAWAN CHERI1, BASHIR A. MUSTAPHA2 & AHMED HASSAN1
1; Department of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria. 2; Department of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
There is a range of functions which are commonly undertaken by central banks. A Bank of England study in 1995 looked at five key areas: monetary policy (e.g. setting the interest rate or exchange rate): financial sector stability (e.g. banking supervision): government debt management: the wholesale payment system (e.g. acting as banker to the banks: and a branch network (including banking operations). Historically, some central banks have pursued ‘Development’ goals, whether implicitly or explicitly, and some would argue that, in a developing market context they still should. Where the activity relates to monetary stability (e.g. the gold standard in the UK in the 19th Century), and financial stability (good supervision), these ‘Development’ goals are met by focusing on core central banking as defined here. Where it relates to directed lending – for instance, differential reserve requirement or obligatory investments such as that of post-war Italy, may and may not be successful. Development banks should have a clear goal: and if funded at market rates or by the government budget, it is clear what they cost, allowing the government to undertake an informed cost-benefit analysis. But if it is operated by holding interest rates low or directed lending, the cost is not clear, and financial market development tends to be impeded. It is true that there were elements of direct controls in the UK post-War, in fitting with the general thrust of economic management; but also arguable that this approach damaged not only the financial market development, but the economy as a whole. Development banks – whether regional or sectoral, could be effective but some are grossly inefficient and prone to abuse. In any case it is not the same thing as central banking.
- EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES ON ENERGY SOURCES AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO ELECTRIC POWER IN NIGERIA
BUBA, DAUDA1 & GARBA, M.L.2
Pre-ND Department, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria1 Department Of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria2
ABSTRACT
Nigeria is blessed with a wide array of energy sources, ranging from renewable and non-renewable which can be used for the generation of electricity. As a developing nation, our current overdependence on fossil based gas plants and hydro power for this purpose is grossly inadequate and hardly sustainable. Also according to the dictates of the laws of thermodynamics, the excessive burning of this fossil fuel is leading to its irreversible depletion and contributing to the atmospheric level of greenhouse gases. The rising concentration of these gases in the atmosphere is leading to global warming (a process which impedes the earth’s ability to radiate the thermal radiation which it has absorbed back into space, thereby causing its temperature to rise due to process commonly called greenhouse effect). The long time effects of these processes and the human activities involved may lead to energy shortage and climate change which would have long lasting effects on hydro-dams, agriculture wildlife and human society. It is suggested that the way out of this dilemma is to expand the energy base for the generation of electricity to nuclear power and other clean renewable energy sources, to promote energy conservation and the adoption of energy efficient technologies.
Keywords: Energy resources, thermodynamics, global warming, climate change and renewable energy.
- EXAMINATION OF THE IMPACT OF ABUJA POPULATION INFLUX ON ITS PERIPHERAL UNINTENDED METROPOLITAN SETTLEMENTS
ADAMU BABA ABDULLAHI PH.D & MUHAMMED YABAGI
Department of Geography, FCT College of Education Zuba, Abuja
ABSTRACT
This paper seeks to examine the impact of Abuja population influx on its peripheral unintended metropolitan settlements. The objectives of the study are to examine the number of those settlements, investigate the types of slums therein, compare the slums in term of infrastructure facilities, and examine the impact of population influx on peripheral settlements. Data were generated from interview schedule, focus Group Discussion, field observations, reconnaissance visits. Multi-stage sampling techniques were employed in sample selections. 400 respondents were sampled. SPSS computer programme of two way covariance and ordinary Least Square Model of Multiple regression and Error Correction Model were employed in the analysis of data. The results indicated that slum of hope are more than the slum of despair but both engaged in informal sector activities and occupied by low income earners.
Keywords: Abuja, population influx, impact, peripheral unintended metropolitan settlements.
- COMPARATIVE STUDY OF n-CU2O THIN FILMS PRODUCED BY BOILING AND IMMERSION TECHNIQUES: AN OVERVIEW
*I. I. IBRAHIM1, I M.MUSA 1 AND N.YUNUSA2
1Department of Physics, Federal University, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria 2Department of Physics,Bayero University, Kano State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The study introduces the techniques of Electroless Chemical Deposition Method of Depositing n-Cu2O using the boiling and then the immersion techniques. Comparative studies of the deposition phases and the physical properties of both approaches was carried out through the X- ray Diffraction (XRD) and the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) of the n-Cu2O deposited. The investigation identifies the different micrographs from the SEM and the different spectral from the XRD of the n-Cu2O deposited when they are both under the same material and pH conditions. The implication of varying the boiling time in the boiling technique and the variation in the pH level of the immersion technique were analyzed. The result shows that there was dissolution of the oxide layer for boiling at a given time in the boiling method while there was no dissolution of the oxide in the case of the immersion method. However , it was discovered that the growth rate is dependent on the solution pH .Its was also found that at pH 12.30 there was formation of CuO on the sample deposited by immersion technique and show no reaction on that of boiling technique.
Keywords: Thin film, Electroless deposition,n-Cu2O,Boiling and Immersion method
- GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF SOIL PROPERTIES IN IREPODUN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA IN KWARA STATE
*DR. ENGR. GANA A.J & **ONASANYA OLAWALE ABIODUN
*Civil Engineering Department , College of Science and Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State.**Civil Engineering Department, College of Science and Engineering, Landmark University Omu-aran Kwara State
ABSTRACT
This study deals with the geotechnical analysis and assessment of soil samples within some major towns in Irepodun Local government area of Kwara State. The soil under consideration was assessed base on their properties, experimental and laboratory investigations such as particle size analysis test, Alterberg limit test, specific gravity test, and compaction test. The Recommendation and the conclusion drawn provides a final clear verdict for any construction work within the chosen areas in the Local government.
Keywords: – Geotechnical Analysis, soil assessment properties, Irepodun local government.
- IGWEBUIKE AS THE EXPRESSIVE MODALITY OF BEING IN IGBO ONTOLOGY
KANU, IKECHUKWU ANTHONY, O.S.A., Ph.D
Augustinian Institute, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Metaphysics, as a branch of the discipline of philosophy, concerns itself with the determination of the nature of being- the meaning, structure and principles of whatever is insofar as it is. Being, therefore, remains a fundamental question within the parameters of enquiry in metaphysics right from the Pre-Socratic period to the Contemporary Era. The study of the categories of being in African metaphysics has occupied the desks of African philosophers, as they have tried in various capacities to move away from the abstract perspectives of being dominant in western philosophy to a substantive and concrete idea of being. This piece is a contribution to the ongoing being-project in African metaphysics. It studied the different dimensions of the categories of being with particular attention to the modality of being as a category of being, since it is the centre of discussion. Having discussed Igwebuike as the unity of the African philosophical experience, this study discovered that the centrality of Igwebuike profoundly relates to its place as the modality of being. To be from the perspective of Igwebuike is to be with the other and in the company of the other. To be outside of this is alienation.
Keywords: Igwebuike, Modality, Being, Igbo, Ontology, African.
- IGWEBUIKECRACY: THE IGBO-AFRICAN PARTICIPATORY SOCIO-POLITICAL SYSTEM OF GOVERNANCE
KANU, IKECHUKWU ANTHONY, OSA, Ph.D
Augustinian Institute, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
African traditional political systems are often categorized as monarchical or aristocratic, as such, as having no place for democracy. European and African political thinkers see democracy as a system of government that began in Greece and was imported from Europe to Africa. Contrary to this opinion, this piece argues that democracy is a cherished African value, which existed in pre-colonial Africa as a pattern of African administration. It was already in Africa before the encounter of Africa with the West, and thus, Africa cannot be understood as a passive recipient of democracy. Before the advent of the west to Africa, the Igbo-Africans of eastern Nigeria practiced Igwebuikecracy, an indigenous democratic government designed by the people for the people or themselves. It was system of governance that puts into consideration their peculiarities and particularities.
Keywords: Igwebuikecracy, African, Traditional, Igbo, Integral, Socio-Political.
- THE INFORMAL SECTOR OF NIGERIA’S ECONOMY: A POTENTIAL HUB FOR SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
MUSTAPHA ALI1, LAWAN CHERI1, BASHIR A. MUSTAPHA2 & AHMED HASSAN1
1; Department of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria. 2; Department of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The informal sector or informal economy as defined by governments, scholars, banks, etc. is the part of an economy that is not taxed, monitored by any form of government, or included in any gross national product (GNP), unlike the formal economy. Arguably the most influential book on informal economy is Hernando de Soto’s El otro sendero (1986), which was published in English in 1989 as The Other Path. De Soto and his team argue that excessive regulation in the Peruvian (and other Latin American) economies force a large part of the economy into informality and thus prevent economic development. Statistics on the informal economy are unreliable by virtue of the subject, yet they can provide a tentative picture of its relevance: For example, informal employment makes up 48% of non-agricultural employment in North Africa, 51% in Latin America, 65% in Asia, and 72% in sub-Saharan Africa. If agricultural employment is included, the percentage rises, in some countries like India and many sub-Saharan African countries beyond 90%. Estimates for developed countries are around 15%. In developing countries, the largest part of informal work, around 70%, is self-employed, in developed countries, wage employment predominates. The majority of informal economy workers are women. Women tend to make up the greatest portion of the informal sector, often ending up in the most erratic and corrupt segments of the sector. Sixty percent of female workers in developing countries are employed by the informal sector. The reasoning behind why women make up majority of the informal sector is two-fold. Firstly, it could be attributed to the fact that employment in the informal sector is the source of employment that is most readily available to women. Secondly, a vast majority of women are employed from their homes (most likely due to the large number of women who are involved in care work) or are street vendors, which both are classified in the informal sector Furthermore, men tend to be overrepresented in the top segment of the sector and women overpopulate the bottom segment. The gender gap in terms of wage is even higher in the informal sector than the formal sector. According to the World Bank, the informal sector of Nigeria’s economy ranks 8th out of the informal economies of 162 countries surveyed for the years of 1999 to 2007. The countries cut across developing, transition and OECD countries. The size of the informal economy of Nigeria is 57.9% of GDP. This is a huge potential.
- AN EXTENSIVE REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION LINES ON ABUTTING HOUSING PRICES
ALIYU AHMAD ALIYU1, MOSES JONATHAN GAMBO1, UMAR AUWAL1 AND DANIEL RAYMOND1
1Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Faculty of Environmental Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, P.M.B. 0248, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The effect of electricity distribution equipment, in particular high-voltage overhead transmission lines (HVOTLs), on the value of residential property in many parts of the world remains relatively unexplored due, in part, to the lack of available transaction data for analysis (Sims and Dent, 2005).From the beginning of 1950s, researchers have been studying the value effects of siting residential property in close proximity to electricity distribution equipment. Most studies between the 1950 and the early 1970s found no association between proximity to HVOTLs and value diminution. However, since the late 70s studies have generally found that the proximity of lines does have an impact on value. Whilst most studies have found that any negative effect was due to visual or to a lesser extent aural pollution, the perception of potential health effects may also influence the market. Overhead transmission lines are generally not the major determining factor of property values. Other factors, such as neighborhood characteristics and characteristics of the land and improvements tend to explain much more of the variation in home prices. For future research to extend knowledge further on the question of overhead transmission lines and property values, greater attention to geographic scope, data requirements and analytic techniques will be needed.
Keywords: High-Voltage Poles, Housing Price, Overhead Line, Power Plant and Transmission Line
- IMPROVING THE DENSITY OF FOAMS DURING FOAM PRODUCTION
*BUBA, DAUDA & **BUBA, Z. BAKO
Department Of Pre-ND, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria. **Department Of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This work is centred on improving the density of foams. The reaction and polymerization reaction are of particular importance. In this case the gas reaction is the major determinant of the density of the foam. Some chemicals are either eliminated or limited during the course of production in other words, reducing the level of water and also the blowing agents improves the density of the foam. This can be related to the fact that the complete elimination of the blowing agents will improve the density of the foam. Water cannot be completely eliminated from the formulation; instead it can be greatly reduced.
Keywords: density, polymerization reaction, foams and blowing agents.
- MEASUREMENT OF ULTRA-VIOLET (UV) SOLAR RADIATION AT ILORIN, KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
SHITTU ABDULLAHI
Department of Physics, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The UV solar radiation on earth depends on geometrical factors such as altitude, latitude, solar zenith angle and other atmospheric parameters. In this work, an attempt has been made to study the variation of the intensity of UV solar radiation with time for the period of three months for Ilorin located in the North Central part of Nigeria (8o30’N, 4o33’E). The maximum and minimum values of UV solar radiation recorded during the period of study were 67 Wm-2 and 0.4 Wm-2 respectively and for the daily average obtained as 7.7 Wm-2 and 2.1 Wm-2 respectively. The maximum and minimum values of the UV solar radiation at sunrise and sunset were obtained and they gave 1.5 and 0.4 Wm-2 respectively at sunrise and 17.2 and 0.4 Wm-2 respectively at sunset.
Keywords: Solar radiation, Ultra-violet, Sunrise, Sunset, PACE UV sensor, Ilorin
- THE CONCENTRATIONS OF HEAVY METALS IN FISH SAMPLES FROM DUKKU RIVER IN KEBBI STATE OF NIGERIA
J. HASSAN, M.S. ZUBAIRU AND U. B. UWAISU
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Kebbi State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The concentrations of Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu) and Lead (Pb) were determined in gills and muscles of Catfish (Clarias garipienus) obtained from Dukku River in Kebbi State of Nigeria using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (A.A.S.) The mean concentration of heavy metals in gills and muscles were; Cd (0.167+ 0.029 and 0.133+ 0.058), Pb (8.433+ 4.032 and 9.570+ 3.286), Cr (0.500+ 0.259 and 0.284+ 0.076) and Cu (0.417+ 0.189 and 0.350+ 0.150) respectively. The order of decreasing heavy metal concentrations in the gills and muscles were Pd > Cr > Cu > Cd and Pb > Cu > Cr > Cd respectively. With the exception of Pb, gills were found to have higher concentrations of all the heavy metals analysed. Hence, it could be concluded that the fish (Catfish) in Dukku River was polluted with Pb.
Keywords: Heavy metals, catfish, river
- TRANSFORMING ROUNDABOUTS INTO TOURIST ATTRACTIONS IN OWERRI METROPOLIS
DONATUS, EVEREST AKALAZU1 ALY AUDU FADA2
Both from Department of Leisure and Tourism Management, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State
ABSTRACT
This research was geared towards finding out whether roundabouts in Owerri town were constructed with a purpose of attracting tourists. Conceptual explanation of roundabouts and similar structure as tourist attraction were carefully made. Major roundabouts in the metropolis totalling 10 were surveyed to explore the avenue for modifying them into valuable tourist attractions.It was found out that the roundabouts are seen to be an eye sore as political adverts and handbills are pasted on them. The researchers recommends that for roundabouts to serve the role of attracting tourists, government should involve the state tourism board that will help to create awareness and emphasize the importance of promoting cultural heritage of the people using roundabouts.
Keywords: Transforming, roundabouts, attraction, government, and Owerri.
- APPLICATION OF SPECTRAL ANALYSIS IN ECONOMICS MODELS
*ABBAS UMAR FAROUK & **DANJUMA MUSTAPHA
*Mathematics/Statistics Department, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria. **Mathematics/Statistics Department, Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi.
ABSTRACT
Spectral analytic techniques have been employed by econometrician only recently. This is rather surprising since most economic and econometric models, which are typically formulated as difference equations, are assumed to exhibit stability; growth results only through exogenous variable (forcing functions). In addition, for the typical econometric model it has traditionally been asserted – and found empirically quite useful – that its error component constitutes a rather low order auto regression. Thus, the typical model may be thought to constitute at least a covariance stationary process to which spectral analytic technique are readily applicable. This article is aimed at introducing the use of economics model in spectral analysis. Its application is tested on economics, medicals and education.
Keywords: Spectral analysis, Model, Economics, Simulations, Exogenous variables.
- FROM MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: WITHER NIGERIA!
ADAMS YAHAYA ATATA
Department of General, Federal Polytechnic Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
From Millennium Development Goals to Sustainable Development Goals: Wither Nigeria! Is a quizzes the apparent failure of the Nigerian government in measuring up on the highly desirous but limited eight Millennium Development Goals of: eradication of extreme hunger and poverty, achievement of universal primary education, promotion of gender equality, women empowerment, reduction of child mortality as well as the corresponding improvement of maternal health, with the Combat of HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases, while ensuring environmental sustainability through the development of global partnership. However key the attainment of these goals to the transformation of the lives of Nigeria within a 15-year-span, they remained elusively unattainable, now, Nigeria is faced with a more elaborated seventeen Sustainable Development Goals of: the eradication of poverty, zero tolerance of hunger, promotion of good health and wellbeing, highly qualitative education, gender equality, clean water and sanitation, affordable clean energy, decent work and economic growth, industry, innovation and infrastructure, reduced inequalities, sustainable cities and communities, responsible consumption and production climate actions, life below water, life in land, peace, justice and strong institution and partnership for the goals achievable by the 2030. How do we do? What strategy do we adopt? What institution do we put in place for the avoidance of the repetition of earlier failure of the Millennium Development Goals? How do we measure up to the Sustainable Development Goals, having failed in building a solid foundation with the Millennium Development Goals? What went wrong with our achievement of MDGs, which several other countries take for granted? What is our success/failure rate? How do we avoid the mistakes of the MDGs? This paper examines these and other pertinent questions using secondary data.