THEME: ACHIEVING NEW SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
DATE: 28TH July, 2023
VENUE: UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI, BORNO, BORNO STATE
ORGANIZERS: TIMBOU-AFRICA ACADEMIC PUBLICATION
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CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS:
THE SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACT OF GULLY EROSION ON RAFIN GORA COMMUNITY, KONTAGORA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
James, Mathew
Department of Geography
Federal University of Technology, Minna.
Dr. I. G. Kuta
Department of Geography
Federal University of Technology, Minna.
Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the socioeconomic impact of gully erosion on Rafi Gora Community of Kontagora Local Government Area, Niger State, Nigeria. The study used both primary and secondary data, frequency percentage statistics was used to analyzed the data. As revealed in the study rainfall/runoff ranked the highest with 47.0%, inadequate drainage system ranked second with 36.0%, human activities ranked third with 17.0% and vegetal depletion ranked the least with 4.0%. This shows that the major cause of gully erosion in the study area were rainfall/runoff and inadequate drainage system. damage to infrastructure ranked the highest with 42.7%, Damage to agricultural lands ranked second with 32.2%, increased surface runoff and degradation ranked third with 15.7% and increased sediment concentration in rivers/stream ranked the least with 9.4%. This shows that the major impact of gully erosion is damage to infrastructure such as houses, roads and bridges as revealed in the study. The social impact of gully erosion in the study area include destruction of ancestral homeland by gully erosion, loss of source of water supply, gully site frightful and loss of lives while the economic impact include loss of building and furniture, loss of farmland, loss of planted crops, loss of economic trees and lost money as a result of community contribution to gully erosion as indicated in the study. The study recommends that drainages along these paved roads should be cleared sand dislodged of accumulated debris and silt to enhance free flow of storm water and debris from inhabitants. In addition, areas that have no drainages, drainage system should be constructed with width and depth according to the standard to enable it carry debris and sediment loads, this will help to forestall flood in this area during wet season, it is strongly suggested that, there should be strict compliance with building regulations by the community and proper canalization of the River Suka from its source to a single outflow.
Keywords: Gully erosion, Rafin Gora and Socioeconomic
LEGAL FRAMEWORKS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: ENHANCING ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE IN TOURISM AND OIL & GAS IN NIGERIA
Dr. Lateefat Adeola Bello
Department of Commercial Law,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria,
Kaduna State, Nigeria
Dr. Iloba-Aninye Okechukwu
Department of Commercial Law,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria,
Kaduna State, Nigeria
Dr. Maryam Ibrahim Abdullahi
Department of Private Law,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This paper discusses the critical issue of establishing robust legal frameworks to stimulate sustainable development within Nigeria’s tourism and oil & gas sectors. Nigeria’s abundant natural resources have long attracted significant tourism and large-scale oil & gas operations. However, unchecked exploitation of these resources can lead to severe environmental degradation, infringing on the principles of sustainable development. Recognizing the urgent need for environmental compliance, the paper focuses on the necessity to develop, implement, and enforce effective legal structures to ensure the long-term viability of these key sectors. It aims to bring together legal scholars, environmental experts, policymakers, industry leaders, and civil society advocates to explore the best practices in environmental compliance, examine international norms, and brainstorm innovative strategies tailored to Nigeria’s context. Special emphasis is placed on mitigating environmental damage, prioritizing socioeconomic benefits, and fostering a balance between economic advancement and environmental preservation. The paper is intended to enhance Nigeria’s legal frameworks, thereby accelerating the nation’s trajectory towards sustainable development.
Keyword: Oil & Gas, Tourism, Frameworks, Sustainable Development, Environmental, Compliance.
ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC CONGESTION AND CHALLENGES IN MINNA METROPOLIS
Ayomaya, Moses Muyiwa
Department of Urban and Regional Planning,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Idowu, O. Owoeye.2
Department of Civil Engineering,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Large populace are currently residing in Minna either by birth, for job or commercialization, and because of this fast urbanization and population expansion, more traffic is generated as people rely more on vehicular transit for varied everyday activities. The to and fro movement of this populace led to scrambling for the right of way among all road user, which consequently results to traffic conflicts. This paper seeks to analyze the effect of traffic congestion and challenges in selected road section in Minna. To achieve this; ArcMap was used to convert sattelite images and maps to their digital form for easy analysis. Volumetric Traffic Count was conducted from 6:00am to 6:00pm. The result revealed that the most observable congestion problem along the study corridors was during the morning peak hour (between 8:00 am and 10:00am) and the evening peak (between 4:00pm and 6:00pm). The study appraised the menace of traffic congestion in Minna metropolis and it was seen that the problem of traffic congestion are ostensible in the area.
Key words: Transportation, Traffic congestion, Population, Analysis, Urbanization
LEARNERS RETENTION OF YORUBA LANGUAGE AND CULTURE CONCEPTS USING COMPUTER-BASED PACKAGE IN SELF-DIRECTED AND COLLABORATIVE ENVIRONMENTS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF OSUN STATE.
Olawoyin Serifat Joke (Ph.D),
C/O Prof. G.O Akinola
Department of Management & Accounting
Faculty of Administration, OAU, Ile-Ife.
ABSTRACT
The study examined the effectiveness of computer-based learning package in improving students learning outcomes in Yoruba language and culture concepts when used in collaborative and self-directed environments in secondary schools of Osun state. It also investigated the effectiveness of the computer-based learning package in enhancing students retention of Yoruba language and culture concepts when used in both environments. The study adopted the pretest-posttest quasi experimental control group research design. Three schools were selected using purposive sampling technique based on availability of computers in the schools. The samples for the study were Senior Secondary School Two(SS2) students. Three classes were selected from the three senior secondary schools using random sampling technique. Forty students of one served as Experimental Group A (the collaborative group), another as Experimental Group B (the self-directed group), while the third (the control group) was taught using conventional method. One instrument was used for data collection. This was Yoruba Achievement Test (YAT) which measured the students’ performance and retention level. Data collected were analyzed using One Way Analysis of Variance(ANOVA). The results showed that the computer-based learning package was effective in improving students’ performance in Yoruba language and culture (F=24.2), p<0.05. The results also showed the package effectively enhanced students retention of concepts learnt when used in collaborative and self-directed learning environments (F=45.7), p<0.05. The study concluded that computer-based learning package improved students’ performance and enhanced their retention of concepts learnt in the two environments on Yoruba language and culture.
STUDIES ON ANTI-TYPHOID PROPERTIES OF ETHANOL AQUEOUS LEAVES EXTRACT OF MITRACARPUS SCABER (RUBIACEAE) IN RATS
Midawa, S.M*.,
Department of Botany,
Faculty of Science,
Adamawa State University, Mubi.
P.M.B 25, Mubi,
Adamawa State – Nigeria.
Mshelmbula, B.P.,
Department of Botany,
Faculty of Science,
Federal University of Lafia,
Nassarawa State.- Nigeria.
Tizhe, T.D².
Department of Botany,
Faculty of Science,
Adamawa State University, Mubi.
P.M.B 25, Mubi,
Adamawa State – Nigeria.
Comfort. C.S and
Department of Botany,
Faculty of Science,
Adamawa State University, Mubi.
P.M.B 25, Mubi,
Adamawa State – Nigeria.
Joseph, J.
Department of Zoology,
Faculty of Science,
Adamawa State University, Mubi..
Adamawa State – Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Ant-typhoid properties of aqueous leaf extract of Mitracarpus scaber was investigated in this study. Sixteen laboratory rats were used divided into 4 groups of 4 rats. They were distributed in separate apartment and injected intravenously with typhoid fever Bacteria as causative organism. A widal test was carried out to confirm their infection by the typhoid fever. Group 1,2 and 3 were been placed on oral treatment with different concentration of the extract of 250mg/ml, 500mg/ml and750mg/ml respectively for five days, while group 4 were left without treatment and all died before the 5th day. The blood of the surviving spacemen on 3rd and 5th day were been obtained and widal test were been carried out on the blood serum. The widal test showed that the oral treatment for 5 days was effective against Salmonella typhi growth especially in group 3 having the highest concentration followed by group 2 and finally group 1 with lowest concentration of the extract.
Key words: Mitracarpus scaber, Salmonella typhi, Anti-Typhoid, Rats
THE UNCONSCIOUS AND SOCIO-POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS ON CONTEMPORARY AFRICAN STATES: SATIRIC REFLECTIONS FROM TWO AFRICAN PLAYS
Okoro Henry Okechukwu
Department of General Studies
The Federal Polytechnic, Oko,
Anambra State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Some playwrights have shown affection to the use of the unconscious in their plays throughout the ages to explicate the phenomenon and nature of collective unconsciousness in dramatic literature in order to show the interface between human psyches and realities. However, existing critical studies on the unconscious and dramas have focused on the investigation of characters’ unconscious motives and conflicts, sometimes ignoring the employment of the unconscious as a technique for satiric reflections. This paper, therefore, examines the unconscious as a technique for interrogating the characters’ psychic contexts in order to highlight their predicaments and the attendant socio-political imbroglios in their society. The study adopts Sigmund Freud’s model of psychoanalysis as the theoretical framework which allows for the investigation into characters’ psyches and behaviours and appraisal of the link between the characters’ motives and the realities in their society. Two African plays were purposively selected: No Pennies for Mama and Tuti, they are subjected to critical textual analysis. It is discovered that the patterns of the unconscious that provide the psychic context for the plays are dream and hallucination. They serve as signifiers of the characters’ traumas, which are precipitated by their naïve behaviours on the one hand and revelations of their family and societal realities on the other. Dream and hallucination have been used not only as mere patterns of the unconscious but also as a technique to engage satiric reflections and realities.
Keywords: Cultural Dream, Hallucination, The unconscious, Satire, Socio-political realities
DEVELOPMENT AND DEBT CRISIS: MEASURES TO REDUCE THE DEBT IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
Muktar Abubakar Maihali
Department of Political Science and International Studies,
Faculty of Social Sciences,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This paper investigated issues of development and its relationship with debt crisis, reflecting on how to reduce debt in the third world countries. Conceptual analysis is used in the paper by the researcher to analyzed the data collected from variety of secondary sources. The study form a theoretical base on the premises of debt over hang theory. Findings from the paper showed that external debt constituted an impediment to long-term development while its short-term effect was development enhancing. Domestic debt had a significant positive impact on long-term development while its short-term effect was negative. In the long term and short term, debt service payments led to development retardation confirming debt overhang effect. The paper recommends that the third world countries governments should direct borrowed funds to the diversification of the productive base of their economy for long-term economic development, expand the revenue base and strengthen the capacity to repay outstanding debts and reliance on domestic debt rather than external debt for increased deficit financing to reduce debt crisis and ensure greater growth and development.
Keywords: Development, debt crisis, third world, retardation, reliance.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES: MEDIATING EFFECT OF COMMUNITY LEADERS IN NORTH-EASTERN, NIGERIA
Akpan Okon Edem
Department of Accountancy,
School of Business Studies,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Yusuf Ova Mutalib
Department of Accountancy,
School of Business Studies,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Abstract
No doubt, corporate social responsibility has become an instrument of national development. It is within that imperatival need for community development that this Study takes a cursory look at the issue in all its ramifications. The study reviewed Corporate Social Responsibility on Community Development in North Eastern Nigeria. The results of this study may show both positive and significant relationship on Corporate Social Responsibility and Community Development by construction Companies in Nigeria. The study employed primary source of data collection through the use of questionnaire among various Construction companies, government agencies and corporate organizations within the North Eastern Nigeria. Various statistics tools to include correlation and regression analysis will be use to analyze the data. Also, it is recommended that the of Construction companies in North Eastern Nigeria may device strategies that will help to enlighten their community leaders on their efforts towards social dimension of CSR. This will help to improve their perception of community development. The measures adopted in this study focus on existing variables, within the context of corporate social responsibility and community development. It is recommended that the management of construction companies within the North Eastern Nigeria should look at these dimensions of corporate social responsibilities critically with the view to enhancing them in order to enhance overall community development.
Key words: Corporate Social Responsibility and Community Development, Construction Companies and Community Leaders
ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AS A PANACEA TO NATIONAL SECURITY
Ambali A.A. Aderemi
Department of Agricultural Education,
Federal College of Education (Technical), Bichi,
Kano State, Nigeria.
Fatihu Salmanu
Department of Agricultural Education,
Federal College of Education (Technical), Bichi,
Kano State, Nigeria.
Aliyu Ibrahim Bichi
Department of Accounting Education,
Federal College of Education (Technical), Bichi,
Kano State, Nigeria.
Dr. YEMI OWOLABI
Department of Marketing,
University of West Alabama, USA.
Abstract
Nigeria and most African countries had been bedeviled by insecurity in all facets and life. Insecurity comes in different shades and magnitude among which include militancy, kidnapping and human trafficking, election related crises, environmental degradation and terrorism in some parts of country. This paper looked at entrepreneurship education as education which can be used to eradicate poverty, enhance productivity and national security. The concept of entrepreneurship education was also examined as an important means and a valuable strategy to ensure productivity by boosting job creation for young people. One of the recommendations advanced in this paper was that Nigerians should be encouraged to embrace entrepreneurship education in order for them to be self-reliant and wealth creators without depending on government for white-collar jobs.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Education, Panacea, National Security.
BURDEN OF PROOF IN ADULTERY CASE IN ISLAMIC LAW
Muslim Nasirudeen Ade
The Oke Ogun Polytechnic, Saki,
Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
To prove adultery in Islamic legal system is actually a complex process. Adultery must be proved by the testimony of four eyewitnesses to the actual act of penetration, or a confession repeated four times and not retracted later. If someone saw them hugging or even lying on each other, naked but not penetrating, his testimony won’t be accepted (but can entail some disciplinary punishment). Also, the eyewitness must have a clean character record. Some legal school also allows an unmarried woman’s pregnancy to be used as evidence, but the punishment can be averted by a number of legal”semblances” (shubuhat), such as existence of an invalid marriage contract. Digital records (image or video) can also be used as evidence. If the accusation of adultery proven wrong, the accuser will be punished with 80 lashes.
Key words: Adultery, lashes, testimony, penetrating, accusation, proof
FOOD POISON: CAUSES, EFFECTS AND CONTROL MEASURES
Jumarea*, S.A.,
Department of Food Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Kaura Namoda,
Zamfara State, Nigeria.
Mustapha, Y.D,
Department of Nutrion & Dietetics,
Federal Polytechnic, Kaura Namoda,
Zamfara State, Nigeria.
Muhammad, D.A,
Department of Nutrion & Dietetics,
Federal Polytechnic, Kaura Namoda,
Zamfara State, Nigeria.
Tanko, O.O
Department of Nutrion & Dietetics,
Federal Polytechnic, Kaura Namoda,
Zamfara State, Nigeria.
Siraj, M.F
Department of Nutrion & Dietetics,
Federal Polytechnic, Kaura Namoda,
Zamfara State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Food poison is an illness caused by eating contaminated food. It’s not usually serious and most people get better within few days without treatment. By far the most of such attacks are mild and quickly overcome, and it is only when the attack is serious and affecting many persons at the same time that it attracts particular notice, and perhaps becomes the subject of public record. Contamination of food can happen at any point during its production: growing, harvesting, processing, storing, shipping or preparing. Cross contamination is often the cause leading to food poisoning. Many bacterial, viral or parasitic agents cause food poisoning, example Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli, Giadialambliaetc. causing symptoms like diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramp, dehydration, sunken eye, low amount of morning urine etc. Most of these symptoms set in between 24-72 hours of consuming contaminated food, that is, food that contains the microorganism or their toxins. Food poisoning organisms can be transmitted via animal-animal, animal-human or food material to human. The organisms can be found in foods such as milk, meat, egg, poultry. Prevention measure can be through proper cleanliness of; the food handler, cooking environment, nails, aprons and proper food hygiene. Foodborne diseases can be mild with recovery in days, or severe resulting in hospitalization and death in certain patients.
Key words: Food Poison, Contamination, Hygiene, Prevention,
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND AUDIT QUALITY: MEDIATING EFFECT OF AUDITOR’S DYSFUNCTIONAL BEHAVIOR AMONG OFFICES OF AUDITOR GENERALS IN NORTH EASTERN, NIGERIA
Johnson Ayanwuyi
Department of Accountancy
School of Business Studies,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Yusuf Ova Mutalib
Department of Accountancy
School of Business Studies,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Abstract.
This study aims to analyze the mediating effect of auditor dysfunctional behavior on the relationship between workplace spirituality and audit quality at The Office of Auditor General within the north Eastern Nigeria. The research approach used is quantitative and casual design. The number of research samples was 292 auditors taken through proportionate sampling. The data analysis used descriptive and inferential statistical analysis by employing regression analysis. The results show that there is a significant negative effect of workplace spirituality on dysfunctional auditor behavior, there is a significant positive effect of workplace spirituality on audit quality, and there is a significant negative mediating effect of dysfunctional auditor behavior on the relationship between workplace spirituality and audit quality. The conclusions of the study state that there is a significant effect of workplace spirituality on dysfunctional auditor behavior. Implication to audit quality is that the audit quality can be improved through workplace spirituality and dysfunctional auditor behavior enhancing regular check on records and book of accounts of government agencies and Ministries.
Keywords: Workplace spirituality; Auditor; Dysfunctional behavior; Audit quality
PREVALANCE OF GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITES IN RED-BILLED QUELEA (Quelea quelea) DURING RAINY SEASON IN GYAWANA ECOSYSTEM, ADAMAWA sSTATE, NIGERIA
Emmanuel H.,
Department of Zoology,
Adamawa State University, Mubi,
- M. B. 25, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Buba, Z.M.,
Department of Zoology,
Adamawa State University, Mubi,
- M. B. 25, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Joseph, J.,
Department of Zoology,
Adamawa State University, Mubi,
- M. B. 25, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Elihu, A.
Department of Zoology,
Adamawa State University, Mubi,
- M. B. 25, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Abstract
A study on the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of red-billed quelea (Quelea quelea) was carried out in Gyawana ecosystem. The prevalence of the identified gastrointestinal parasite was also determined based on the gender of the Quelea quelea. The study was conducted for a period of three (3) months (June to August, 2022). A total of sixty (60) adult male and female red-billed (Q. quelea), thirty (30) for each sex were trapped using black nylon mist nets. Direct smear method for faecal examination was performed and stool specimens were processed following a formal-ether standing operation procedure. The gastrointestinal parasites were identified on the basis of morphological characteristics. The data obtained in this study was statistically analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square to test for the differences by gender at P<0.05. The result reveals five (5) different species of gastrointestinal parasites. Ascaris species has the highest prevalence having 19 frequencies, followed by Giardia species with 9 frequencies and the least is Entamoeba species with 4 frequencies. The prevalence of the parasites from highest to the lowest are in this order; Ascaris species>Giardia species>Coccidia >Strongyloides species>Entamoeba species. There is a significant difference between the species of gastrointestinal parasite based on their prevalence at (P<0.05). The prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of Quelea quelea by gender is 15(50.0%) and 19(63.3%), male and female respectively. However, there is a significant difference between gender and gastrointestinal infection (P<0.05). Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that, consumption of red-billed quelea (Quelea quelea) as bush meat should be minimized and well screened for the presence of parasites to avoid further transmission of these parasites to human beings.
Keywords: Prevalence, Gastrointestinal, Parasites, Red-billed Quelea, Gyawana- Ecosystem
ASSESSMENT OF MOSQUITO NET USAGE AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN (A CASE STUDY OF CHILD BEARING WOMEN IN BIDA METROPOLIS, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA)
Haruna Aliyu
School of Nursing and Midwifery,
Niger State College of Nursing Sciences,
Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria
Abdulgafar Aliyu
School of Nursing and Midwifery,
Niger State College of Nursing Sciences,
Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria
Aminat Abdulateef
School of Nursing and Midwifery,
Niger State College of Nursing Sciences,
Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria
Amina Abdulkarim
School of Nursing and Midwifery,
Niger State College of Nursing Sciences,
Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria
Usman Hauwa Kulu
School of Nursing and Midwifery,
Niger State College of Nursing Sciences,
Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Malaria remains a major public health and developmental challenge. The malaria burden was not only felt in the health sector but in every aspect of our social and economic life. The aim of this study is to assess mosquito net usage among pregnant women in Bida metropolis, Niger State, Nigeria. Cross-Sectional study design was employed to assess the ITN usage and Ownership among pregnant women visiting the selected hospitals through a quantitative approach of data collection. The results of this study showed a significant association between having attended school and owning an ITN at home. Pregnant women who have attended school had a 6 times probability of owning an ITN. All other demographic characteristics were not significantly associated with sleeping under an ITN. Pregnant women in this study were knowledgeable in malaria and it causes as well as its new treatment plans. Pregnant women in the study could identify some symptoms and causes of malaria as well as why there is the need to using the new treatment plan. Most pregnant women in the study were having the insecticide treated net and were using it. Only a few of them were not having. The primary source of insecticide treated net was the antenatal clinic. It was recommended that government should continue the free distribution of the ITN and the Ministry of Health to send field workers to monitor ITN usage occasionally.
Keywords: Mosquito Net Usage, Malaria and Pregnant Women
MARKET REDEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR KAURU LOCAL GOVERNMENT KADUNA STATE
Kauthar Abubakar Mikail
Department of Urban and Regional Planning,
Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, Zaria,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Yusha’u Alhassan
Department of Urban and Regional Planning,
Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, Zaria,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Market been a substantial element in the existence of any city, town or nation, for it boosts the economy of any given area. Therefore, the need to plan for a functional market is paramount.The aim is to prepare a market redevelopment plan for Kauru in order to enhance its functionality, efficiency, convenience and aesthetics. .Kauru market is known for its continued pressure to contain the activities and have led to encroachment on adjourning land uses, which is as a result of congestion within the market. Furthermore, the market comprises of some problems among which are: – lack of defined plan to guide its development, lack of drainage system, developments are not up to standards, mixed and incompatible of land uses, lack of providing space and motor parks, inadequate access roads, problem of fire outbreak, lack of loading and offloading parking space. The infraction between the aforementioned problems, do not allow the market to function optimally.In the course of this research, the random sampling technique was adopted for purpose of administrating questionnaires and the collections of information (data). The primary method that was used in collecting data includes oral interview, physical observation and administering questionnaires that was in relation to market development while the secondary were review on literature of market development plan, journals and textbooks on development plans. Maps also on location of the study area, topography, infrastructure and site analysis were used.socio-economic characteristics of the market The development and planning of market are as important as the function which it serves or performs Redevelopment total clearance and the replacement of the area cleared in order to improve the environment, usually applied to place which have unhealthy conditions. It has the advantage of completely removing blight and total replacement of degenerated structures Declaring Kauru market as an area for redevelopment and appraisal for the scheme by Kaduna state urban planning and development authority (KASUPDA
Key words; Market, Redevelopment, plan, Kauru, Area
SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF SAND DREDGING IN EKOLE RIVER. YENAGOA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA
Ikiogha, Molanini Giredaguo
Department of Geography
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Prof. Mohammed, B.Y.
Department of Geography
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Sand mining is an important economic activity and has been undertaken across the world over centuries. However, indiscriminate sand mining activities have detrimental socioeconomic and environmental effects. This study examined the extent of environmental degradation caused by sand dredging activities along Ekole River in Yenagoa Local Government Area of Bayelsa State, Nigeria Using Satellite Remote Sensing Imageries. The Satellite Imageries used include Landsat TM(1990), Landsat ETM(2000), and operational Land Imager (OLI, 2022) and high resolution Google Earth images were used to aid in classification. The socio-economic impacts of sand dredging was derived through the administration of questionnaires to people within the study area. Agricultural land, vegetation cover, and water bodies were extracted from the Imageries and the spatial growth and loss within the study period was established using the Land Change Modeler function on Idrisi Terrset software. The findings revealed that the study area witnessed a magnitude of change of the various land use and cover categories for the period between 1990 to 2022. Built-up areas has the highest annual rate of change of 71.40% followed by agricultural lands which has the highest annual rate of built-up and other categories at 56.05%. Forest cover and vegetation cover witness decreasing trend by -16.81km representing a change (-24.67) of the total change with annual rate of change of -7.89%. An indication of increased anthropogenic activities across the study area. The results gotten from the compilation of the responses shows that the area has experienced an unprecedented rate of environmental changes due to the anthropogenic activities within their environment that led to urbanization and urban encroachment into agricultural lands, forest and vegetation cover which has subjected the area to some negative environmental and socio-economic impacts such as land degradation, reduction in biodiversity, reduction in water quality, pollution, congestion, increase laziness and poverty and escalation of crime in the area. From the foregoing, it is recommended that environmental friendly measures are expedient to monitor sand mining operations through restoration of lost vegetation on lands. Also, only licensed companies should be allowed to dredge as the will be covered under the tax net thereby generating revenue for the government.
Keywords: Sand Mining, Environmental Degradation and Remote Sensing
KNOWLEDGE AND DETERMINANTS OF HEPATITIS – B VIRUS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CARE IN KATSINA STATE
Salisu Lawal Suleiman
Faculty of Health Science,
Department of Public Health,
School of Postgraduate Studies,
Maryam Abacha American University, Maradi,
Niger Republic.
Abdullahi, A. M.
Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences,
Department of Political Science and Defence Studies,
School of Postgraduates Studies,
Nigeria Defence Academy, Kaduna,
Kaduna State, Nigeria
Abdullahi Sabo Muhammad, PhD,
Faculty of Health Science.
Department of Public Health,
School of Postgraduate studies,
Maryam Abacha American University, Maradi,
Niger Republic.
Abstract
The study focused on assessing the knowledge, prevalence and determinant of Hepatitis B virus among Pregenant women attending antenatal care in Katsina state, Nigeria. Three objectives and research question guided the study. Descriptive cross-sectional research was conducted on 404 individuals chosen by simple random sampling. Consenting participants were given structured questionnaires, which were then analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques in SPSS V25. The majority of respondents are aware of the genesis of the Hepatitis B virus, as shown by the four-item mean of 4.51 and the standard deviation of 0.81. Awareness of the signs and symptoms of the hepatitis B virus was 4.18, and the standard deviation was 0.88, demonstrating that there is a substantial correlation between education level and knowledge of HBV infection prevention strategies. This association highlights the need of formal and extensive public health education. Awareness of the route of transmission of the hepatitis B virus had mean scores of 4.41 and 0.83, respectively, and they all point to the dangerous behaviours of sharing barber’s blades and receiving piercings. The study recommends that pregnant women avoid using unsterilized blades and other sharp objects. To prevent transmission, pregnant women should avoid consuming contaminated water or food prepared by individuals with Hepatitis B illnesses. In order to avoid mother-to-child transmission of Hepatitis B, proper treatment and care of the virus should be advocated.
Keyword: Knowledge, determinant, Hepatitis B.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF ARTISANAL MINING ACTIVITIES IN MINNA METROPOLIS NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
Iliyasu Ahmed,
Department of Geography,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Prof S.A Abubakar.,
Department of Geography,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Isah, M.A
Department of Geography,
Niger State College of Education, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Despite Artisanal mining is a source of livelihood of individuals that involves in mining it is accompany with environmental and health challenges that have negative threat to individual and communities which mining takes place. The aim of the study is to access environmental and health implications of Artisanal mining activities taking place in Minna Metropolis Niger State, Nigeria. The objective is to examine the level of water pollution in the study aree and to identify the major health challenge caused by Artisanal mining thereby assessing the extent of Environmental degradation that occurred as a result of Artisanal mining in the study area. Both qualitative and quantitative approach was used in gathering of the data, water sample was taken from the study area. Both qualitative and quantitative approach was used in gathering of the data, water sample was taken from the Gold mining areas respectively. Physio-chemical and bacteriological test was conducted. The physiochemical parameters are Turbidity, BOD, Electrical Conductivity, TDs, Total Hardness, PH and Alkalinity. The result revealed that PH, BOD, E.C, and TDs are acceptable according to WHO standard in three locations while alkalinity and total hardness are above the minimum standard for domestic uses. The result for the bacteriological parameter indicated that TCC, TFCC and TBC have exceed the WHO permissible limit and rendered the water unsafe for domestic uses. The major health threat to the Artisanal miners is dust air borne disease and ranked (48.8%), drinking water nearby stream (31.1%) and noise pollution has the least with (20.2%). However, landsat image classification was used to analysis the level of environmental degradation and shows that land degradation was ranked highest with (34%), landscape distraction (22.2%), Deforestation (11%), soil erosion and loose of soil quality (17.7%) and degradation of water quality (14.8%) respectively. Generally, this result shows that the activities of miners have negative impact on the water which makes it unsafe for domestic use. Air borne diseases are responsible for the respiratory diseases of the miners and also lead to environmental degradation and lost of biodiversity within the study area. In conclusion, Artisanal and Small Scale Mining (ASM) is higher dangerous work associated multiple occupational and environmental hazards with little or no consideration given to the safety and health of the miners. The research work recommends that united Nation, WHO, ILO, World Bank, Government, Multinational and Employers should adopt a conventional environmental safety and health condition for Artisanal and Small Scale Miners.
NIGERIA’S FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS WITHIN FEMALE ENTREPRENEURSHIP’S MACROCOSM
Raheem Shefiu
Business Administration Department,
School of Business and Entrepreneurship, SBE,
American University of Nigeria, AUN,
Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The paper examines the popularity of the female entrepreneurs and their importance in creating vitally required jobs right on demand in breaking the vicious cycle of poverty. It additionally identifies the challenges confronted by these lady entrepreneurs, by means of reviewing a number of literatures and gives some recommendation on overcoming these obstacles. Women these days have emerged as a key participant in financial improvement of the nations. Today, women have an important place in the economic development of the country. But social change is not over yet. Women entrepreneurs encounter problems not only in the process of establishing a business, but also in the process of sustaining a business. All over the world, they have become important players in promoting social and economic development. In the last few decades, women have made significant progress in the workforce. This change is a result of equality and equal pay policies; fair work; changing social norms for women in the workplace; and organizations seeking qualified women in management positions to create a positive image. In the last few decades, women have made significant progress in the workforce. This change is a result of equality and equal pay policies; fair work; changing social norms for women in the workplace; and organizations seeking qualified women in management positions to create a positive image. Many women are learning more and the idea that women should stay at home, take care of the children, cook, go to the market, look after the children and family is not in fashion. The number of women in business is increasing day by day. Women entrepreneurs face many challenges in the process of reaching their goals. Initially they face social problems, then they face financial problems. Commercial and intellectual barriers make it difficult for them to start a business. Problems arising from their own fears and their behavior in business decisions are another important factor in the uncertainty of female entrepreneurs. However, they have proven that they can’t just run a small business, they can be successful at running a bigger business. After all.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial Success, Female Entrepreneurship, Female Entrepreneurs, Challenges, MSME,
TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLE AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF MICROFINANCE BANK IN MINNA METROPOLIS, NIGER STATE.
Abdullahi, A.K,
Department Entrepreneurship and Business Studies,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Paiko, I.I,
Department Entrepreneurship and Business Studies,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Waheed, D
Department Entrepreneurship and Business Studies,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate how transformational leadership style has impacted in microfinance banks and compare the employer performance. A quantitative research approach was thus employed with the use of a questionnaire for collecting data from the staffs of the microfinance banks in Minna, Niger state with a focus on two local government areas (Chanchaga and Bosso local government). For this study, a sample size of 126 was used to obtain data for finding answers to the questions posed by the research. The analysis of the data was carried out with the use of a frequency count, percentage, and T-test the results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings show that the model as a whole was statistically significant. The findings also suggest that the independent variables are reliable indicators of the employee performance of microfinance banks in Minna Niger state. An F statistic of 17.49 and the reported p=0.000, which was below the usual probability of 0.05 significant threshold, corroborated this. The model summary employed in the regression model to describe the research phenomena is shown in Table 4.9. These was found to be well explained by idealized influence, inspirational motivation, individual consideration, and intellectual stimulation. The R square, commonly referred to as the coefficient of determination, was 0.657, which corroborated this. This indicates that the employee performance of microfinance institutions in Minna, Niger State, is the dependent variable. The independent variables include idealized influence, inspirational motivation, individual consideration, and intellectual stimulation explain 65.7% of the variability in the dependent variable. The results obtained from the analysis of the data led to the conclusions stated in this section. It was recommended that; microfinance banks should employ a transformational leadership in order for them to effectively and efficiently boost their employee performance.
HAEMATOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF Senna alata IN ALBINO RATS
Midawa, S.M.
Department of Botany,
Faculty of Science,
Adamawa State University, Mubi,
P.M.B 25, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Tizhe, T.D.
Department of Botany,
Faculty of Science,
Adamawa State University, Mubi,
P.M.B 25, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Joseph, J.
Department of Zoology,
Faculty of Science,
Adamawa State University, Mubi,
P.M.B 25, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Senna alata is a medicinal that belongs to the family Fabaceae. A different part of the plant has been used in traditional medicine. Despite its use in the management different diseases there is limited or no comprehensive scientific information on the haematological assessment. This study aimed at the haematological assessment of the effects of the ethanol leaf extract of Senna alata orally administered on albino rats for fourteen days. Twenty albino rats divided into four groups of five rats were used throughout the experiment. Group 1 was the control group while group 2, 3 and 4 were the extracts administered group at dose of 125.250 and 500mg/kg body weight. The extract did not show any serious effect on the body weight of all the experimental animals as there was an increase with a percentage weight variation that ranges from 3.01-4.23. The result from the haematological parameters did not showed significant difference on RBC, Hb, PCV, MCH, MCV and MCHC compared to the control, but there was a slight Significant increase in WBC and slight significant decreased (P>0.05) in the average mean value of PLT in group 2 and 4 compared to the control. The result from white blood differential count values did not showed any significant difference at both P>0.05 – 0.001 compared to the control. Likewise the result of serum metabolites showed no significant differences in the albumen, globulin, urea and the total protein, but there was a high reduction in the mean average glucose in all the extracts administered group compared to control. The result on serum enzymes activity showed a slight significant differences (p>0.05) on Alkaline transaminase (ALT) in group 2 and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP). It can be drawn from this study that the ethanol leaf extract of Senna alata did not produce any serious effect on the body weight and all the haematological parameters of the albino rats at the tested doses. The claim of its efficacy, safety and the extensive use of the plant extract in herbal or traditional medicine are therefore justified.
Keywords: Senna alata, Haematology, Albino rats, Ethanol extracts, Serum enzymes.
GENETIC VARIATION IN FRUITS AND SEEDS MORPHOLOGY OF Gambeya albida (Don) IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA
Aruwajoye, D. A.,
Department of Forestry,
Federal College of Agriculture, Akure,
Ondo State, Nigeria,
Olajuyigbe, S.O.,
Department of Forest Production and Products,
University of Ibadan,
Oyo State, Nigeria
Abstract
The demand for fruits tree have increase across the Africa as well as Nigeria. The young and the old people do search for the location of any fruit tree especially for Gambeya albida. The fruit can easily consume and enjoy by everyone without any side effects. Gambeya albida is a unique tree that grow in wild mostly, but have vitamins c for proper growth of children and body maintenance of the older ones. The establishment of the plantation are scares across the country. This bring about sources for the seeds to know which state have the best morphological characteristics for the establishment of the plantation in Nigeria. The research was carried out at Federal College of Agriculture, Akure but there were visitation to Osun, Oyo, Ekiti and Ondo state to collect the fruits in which the seeds were watched, extracted and the measurement were done. The materials used for this experiment were top loading balance, digital venire caliper and water to clean the fruits and seeds. The result were analyzed using minitab 17. After the analysis, the fruits and seeds from Ekiti and Ondo state have the highest values in weight, diameter of fruit, fruit length while seed the number of seeds in each fruits across the four selected states are between 4 to 5 compare to Oyo and Osun state with the least value across the parameters. Base on this experiment for establishment of Gambeya albida the best seeds should be acquired from either Ekiti or Ondo state of Nigeria.
Keywords: Gambeya albida, parameters, morphological
HOUSEHOLDS’ PREFERENCE HETEROGENEITY AND WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR IMPROVED SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SERVICES IN KANO, NIGERIA: A LATENT CLASS TECHNIQUE.
Hamisu Alhaji Basiru,
Urban and Regional Planning Department.
Hussaini Adamu Federal Polytechnic, Kazaure,
Jigawa State, Nigeria.
Abdullahi Adamu,
Department of Environmental and Resource Management,
Faculty of Engineering and Environmental Design,
Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto,
Sokoto State, Nigeria.
Muhammad Sanusi Ibrahim,
Geography Department,
Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Muhammad Salisu Khalil
Department of Enviromental Management and Toxicololgy,
Federal University, Dutse,
Jigawa State, Nigeria.
Da”u Abba Umar.
Department of Environmental Sciences,
Federal University, Dutse,
Jigawa State, Nigeria.
Zaharaddeen Abubakar
Isa Kaita College of Education, Dutsin-ma,
Katsina State, Nigeria.
Abstract:
Solid waste management (SWM) is one of the critical environmental issues in Kano metropolis due to the dwindling financial problem and population increase. These problems pave ways to poor control and handling SWM effectively and efficiently. Thus, it results to an adverse threat on both the environmental quality and public health. An effective, efficient and improved solid waste collection (SWC) services is a better management option for ensuring sustainability towards SWM in Kano metropolis. This study has examined the economic values and determinants of waste collection services and their potentials for an effective waste management in the metropolitan Kano. Choice Experiment (CE) valuation technique was used. Thus, five (5) categories of nonmarket values of waste collection services were defined, viz; collection frequency, storage facilities, disposal method, pre collection service and collection value. A total of 400 respondents were interviewed face to face. Using cluster sampling method. This study generates a significant information on the practical potentials for improving waste collection services in the metropolis. Hence, the finding can be used for a larger societal awareness for collection services and the incurred benefits. The result can also be beneficial to policy makers and stakeholders to set priorities to ensure that polluters’ pay principal is observed accordingly for environmental sustainability.
Keywords: Solid Waste Management, Waste Collection Services, Choice Experiment, Latent Class
ELECTRONIC TAX SYSTEM AND INTERNALLY GENERATED REVENUE: MEDIATING EFFECT OF INTEGRATED PAYROLL AND PERSONAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (IPPIS) IN NIGERIA
Iriabije Emmanuel Uareme
Department of Accountancy
School of Business Studies,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Yusuf Ova Mutalib
Department of Accountancy
School of Business Studies,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Abstract.
This study examined the mediating effect of IPPIS on it relationship between electronic tax system and internally generated revenue in the Nigerian emerging economy, using North Eastern States board of internal revenue as the case in point. To achieve this objective, electronic tax registration, electronic filing of tax returns and electronic payment of tax was used as proxies for electronic tax system. This study was anchored on expediency theory of taxation and technology acceptance model. A quantitative cross-sectional survey data from the six North Eastern States board of internal revenue was formulated using the questionnaire for over 425 staff of state board of internal revenue service within the north eastern state. Findings from the study revealed positive and significant effect of that major variable examined, electronic tax registration and electronic filing of tax returns affect internally generated revenue among the North Eastern States through IPPIS and by extension, the Nigerian emerging economy. The time scope for this study was 6month. Therefore the study concluded that IPPIS has a mediating effect on the relationship between electronic tax system and internally generated revenue in North eastern Nigeria. Finally the study recommends that other geo-political in Nigeria should adopt the same approach when thinking about how best it’s internally revenue can be improved upon.
Keywords: Electronic tax system, internally revenue generation and Integrated Payroll and Personal Information System
BURDEN OF PROOF OF ADULTY CASES UNDER THE NIGERIAN LEGAL SYSYTEM
Muslim Nasirudeen Ade
The Oke Ogun Polytechnic, Saki,
Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
To prove adultery in Islamic legal system is actually a complex process. Adultery must be proved by the testimony of four eyewitnesses to the actual act of penetration, or a confession repeated four times and not retracted later. If someone saw them hugging or even lying on each other, naked but not penetrating, his testimony won’t be accepted (but can entail some disciplinary punishment). Also, the eyewitness must have a clean character record. Some legal school also allows an unmarried woman’s pregnancy to be used as evidence, but the punishment can be averted by a number of legal”semblances” (shubuhat), such as existence of an invalid marriage contract. Digital records (image or video) can also be used as evidence. If the accusation of adultery proven wrong, the accuser will be punished with 80 lashes.
Key words: Adultery, lashes, testimony, penetrating, accusation, proof
Medical Waste Generation and Segregation Methods in Primary Healthcare Facilities in Borno State, Nigeria: Implications for Counselling
Dr. Ngohi, Bukar Umar
Mohammed Goni College of Legal and Islamic Studies (MOGCOLIS),
P.M.B.1526, Maiduguri,
Borno State, Nigeria.
Dr. Naomi Nuhu Adamu
Department of Guidance and Counselling
Taraba State University,
Taraba State, Nigeria
Dr. Bitrus Glawala Amuda
Faculty of Education
Department of Education
Borno State University, Maiduguri
Borno State, Nigeria
Abstract
The study adopted survey research design to determine types and segregation methods of medical waste generated by primary healthcare facilities in Borno State, Nigeria. Population of the study comprised of all the 15,210 medical and para-medical staff in the 47 Primary Healthcare Facilities in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council and Jere Local Government Area. However, 375 staff drawn from 10 Primary Healthcare Facilities in Maiduguri and Jere was used as sample for the study. The sample was picked based on Krejcie and Morgan Table for determining sample size of a given population. Stratified random sampling technique was adopted in selecting the sample based on gender, location, educational status and work experience. Researchers’ self-designed 29 items open ended instrument tagged Medical Waste Questionnaire (MWQ) was used to obtain data for the study. The questionnaire was divided into 3 sections (A-C). Section A collected information on demographic characteristics of the respondents such as gender, age, educational status and nature of work. Section B elicited data on types of waste generated while Section C sought data on segregation methods. Face and content validity of the instrument was 0.76 as determined by 3 experts from Medical College, Measurement and Evaluation, and Guidance and Counselling of the University of Maiduguri. Items in the MWQ with less than 80% acceptance by the experts were removed. Reliability of the instrument was established through pilot-testing among 4 Primary Healthcare Facilities outside those under study. The test-re-test method adopted using Cronbach alpha yield a reliability coefficient of 0.81 Data for the study was collected through the administration of MWQ to the sampled subjects by the researchers. The responses were collected on the spot which ensures 100% retrieval. The data collected on the research questions were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques of frequency counts and percentages, the responses were further rank ordered which gave a pictorial view of the respondents’ ratings of each item on the instrument while t-test inferential statistic was used in testing the null-hypothesis at 0.05 confidence level. Three objectives, two research questions and one null-hypothesis piloted the study. Findings of the study revealed 31 different types and 4 segregation methods of medical waste generated at the primary healthcare facilities in the study area. The null-hypothesis was maintained as no significant gender difference exist on the types of waste generated at the Primary Healthcare Facilities in Borno State. Organizing workshops, seminars and conferences for the stakeholders on regular intervals by Counsellors involving Ministries of Health and Education, National Orientation Agency and Borno State Environmental Protection Agency were some of the counselling implications proffered.
Keywords: Medical Waste, Segregation, Healthcare Facilities, Counselling Implications.
ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATION OF AIR POLLUTION FROM QUARRY AND STONE CUTTING INDUSTRIES ON AGRICULTURE AND PLANT BIODIVERSITY IN MPAPE, FCT, ABUJA
Muhammed Rabiu
Department of Geography
Kogi State College of Education Ankpa,
Kogi State, Nigeria.
Oluyomi S. Moses Ph.D
Department of Agricultural Education
Kogi State College of Education Ankpa
Kogi State, Nigeria.
Joshua Olorundare
Department of Geography
Kogi State College of Education Ankpa,
Kogi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Quarry activities are important to modern day life and the socio-economic development of local communities. Unfortunately, this industry is usually associated with air pollution. To assess the impact of quarry dust on plant biodiversity and agriculture, PM2.5, PM10 and some meteorological parameters were measured using Gas analyzer, handheld thermometer and Multifunction Anemometer (PCE-EM 888) as well as taking a social survey. High amount of particulate matters that exceeded the international standard were recorded at the study locations which include the Julius Berger Quarry and 1km away from the quarry site which serve as the base for the farmlands. The correlation coefficient between the particulate matters with the meteorological parameters of the locations all show a strong relationship with temperature recording a stronger value of 0.952 and 0.931 for PM2.5 and PM10 respectively. Similarly, the coefficient of determination 0.906 and 0.866 shows that temperature has the highest meteorological percentage variation on PM2.5 and PM10. Furthermore, a notable negative impact of quarrying on plant biodiversity and local farm crops are also revealed based on respondents’ results where wide range of local plants were affected with Maize and Azadiracta indica (Neem) been the most with respondent of 31.5% and 27.5%. According to the obtained results, it is highly recommended to develop green belt surrounding the quarrying using pollutant-tolerant trees (usually with broad leaves) in order to restrict spreading of quarrying dust via intercepting, filtering and absorbing pollutants.
Keywords: Quarry, Air Pollution, Agriculture, Biodiversity
EVALUATION OF THE FOOD OF RED-BILLED QUELEA (Quelea quelea) DURING CROPPING SEASON IN GYAWANA AND ENVIRONS, ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA
Buba, Z.M.,
Department of Zoology,
Adamawa State University, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Sabastian M.M.,
Department of Botany,
Adamawa State University, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Ussa, J.
Department of Botany,
Adamawa State University, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Abstract:
Evaluation of the food of red-billed quelea (Quelea quelea) during cropping season in Gyawana and environs, Adamawa State, Nigeria, was carried out to identify the food of Quelea quelea during the cropping season. A total of one hundred and fifty (150) male and female birds were captured in the wild; using black nylon mist nets with dimensions of 7 x 2.5m and mesh size of 16 mm. Subtotals of fifty birds were captured per month. The crop contents of the Q. quelea sampled for this research work reveals a total number of twelve taxonomically different food items. In terms of frequency and magnitude of occurrence in the food items, Dactyloctenium aegyptium appears to be the most consumed food of Red-billed Quelea with mean of 161.24+ 2.16 and 157.33+ 2.14 in male and female respectively. This was followed by Oryza barthi 63.25+ 4.26 in male and 61.23+ 1.61in female, then Oryza sativa 42.16 ±1.21in both male and female, while Digitaria iburua has the mean of 27.16+2.46 and 31.14 +0.37 in male and female respectively. Roetboellia exaltata was 36.11 ±1.23 in male and 37.13 ±4.33 in female. Soghum bicolor with mean value of 28.08 ±1.43 in male and 26.13 ±2.21 in female. Setaria pallidofusca was 26.08 ±3.22 in male and 24.06 ±3.3 in female; Echinochloa colonum has 18.741+1.47 and15.43+1.27 mean in male and female respectively. Brachiaria mutica has 09.21 +0.27 and male and 11.04 ± 1.63 in female, this was followed by the least seed consumed Digitaria ciliaris with a mean of 3.44 ± 1.09 in both male and female Q. quelea. The mean value of grits in the crop contents of male Q. quelea was 04.21 ±2.06 and in female was 04.73 ±3.03. Some quantities of insect remains were observed in the crop contents of female Q. quelea, with the highest mean value of 07.13 ±05.01. Analysis of variance was used to compare the mean value of various seeds consumed by the Q. quelea during the period of study. The result shows there was significant difference in the food items consumed by Q. quelea during cropping season. In conclusion, for this period of study September to November, it was observed that Q. quelea is euryphagous, Dactyloctenium aegyptium was the most preferred seed foraged upon, although it varied in quantity, while the least preferred seed was found to be Digitaria ciliaris. Insects remains were found in the diet of female Q. quelea, while grits was found in small quantities in both male and female Q. quelea. The researchers therefore, recommend that further studies should be carried out on biological control on Quelea birds, by the reintroduction of their predators such as the red-necked falcon falco chicquera into the area.
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Key words = Food, Evaluation, Red-Billed Quelea, Gyawana ecosystem, Environs, Cropping Season,
ASSESSING THE CHALLENGES OF COMPULSORY LAND ACQUISITION AND COMPENSATION IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA
Tanigbola Ola-Sunkanmi W.
C/O Kanmi Tanigbola Consulting,
Pent HouseSuite, Owoade House, A1,
Akinyemi Junction, Ring-Road,
Ibadan, Oyo State.
ESV. Adisa S. Olatunji
Olatunji Adisa & Co.,
No. 210, Obafemi Awolowo Way,
Oke Ado, Ibadan, Oyo State.
Lateef Adeyinka Opatola
1st Floor, Premium House Annexe,
Magazine Road, Jericho,
Ibadan, Oyo State.
Abstract
This study asess the challenges of compulsory land acquisition and compensation in Oyo State, Nigeria with the aim of identifying the major challenges affecting the affected interest holders. Survey- research design was adopted using questionnaire to collect primary data from 515 respondents. The target population were expropriated interest holders, estate surveyors and valuers and staff of the state Ministry of Lands and Water Resources. Descriptive statistics which included percentage, frequency and mean, and inferential statistical tools which include Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data collected. The findings showed that the top 5 challenges in order of RII were inadequacy of compensation, lack of transparency in the process, non-payment of accrued interest, delayed payment of compensation and fraudulent claimants as they had mean scores of 4.45, 3.56, 3.52, 3.5 and 3.34 respectively. The study also revealed significant differences in the ranking of the challenges among the different age groups as it had a P-value of 0.0133. It was common across the age groups that inadequacy of compensation was the leading problems. There was no significant difference in the responses between gender. By these findings, we recommend that the Land Use Act, 1978 (Cap 202 LFN, 1990) should be reviewed to make provision for adequate compensation by adopting open market value as the basis of valuation as contained in Public Lands Acquisition Act, 1958. Acquiring authority should create more public awareness to ensure transparency in the process; accrued interest should be paid to claimants. and a clear time frame should be set to complete the acquisition and compensation payment.
Keywords: Challenges, Compensation, Compulsory land acquisition, Affected interest holders.
THE USE OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN THE TREATMENT OF MALARIA AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN BOSSO LGA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
Haruna Aliyu
School of Nursing and Midwifery,
Niger State College of Nursing Sciences,
Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria
Abdulgafar Aliyu
School of Nursing and Midwifery,
Niger State College of Nursing Sciences,
Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria
Aminat Abdulateef
School of Nursing and Midwifery,
Niger State College of Nursing Sciences,
Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria
Amina Abdulkarim
School of Nursing and Midwifery,
Niger State College of Nursing Sciences,
Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the use of traditional medicine in the treatment of malaria among pregnant women in Bosso LGA, Niger State. This descriptive crosssectional study included 48 pregnant women, selected by multistage sampling. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS statistical software. The results of descriptive analysis were presented in tables and charts. This study shows that those respondents who agreed that have knowledge about treatment of malaria using traditional herbs in pregnancy ranked the highest with 32 respondents while those respondents who strongly disagreed ranked the least with one respondent. This revealed that majority of respondents affirmed that they have knowledge about treatment of malaria using traditional herbs during pregnancy. The result also revealed that age of pregnant women determine the use of traditional herbs for treatment of malaria because 43 respondents affirmed the statement while 5 respondents disagreed and said that age of pregnant women do not determine the use of traditional herbs for treatment of malaria. The study also shows that the level of education of pregnant women determine the use of traditional herbs for treatment of malaria since 42 respondents affirmed it while 6 respondents disagreed. It can be concluded that majority of the pregnant women in the study area use traditional medicine to treat malaria and majority affirmed that traditional medicines used in treating malaria was effective. Also, the perceived reasons for the use of traditional medicine include traditional medicine being more accessible than orthodox medicine, less expensive than orthodox medicine, the belief that traditional medicine will treat the malaria. Therefore, policies and intervention strategies by policymakers should be aimed at addressing the issues of use of traditional medicine in pregnancy by organizing enlightenment programmes that will enhance the attitudes of pregnant women to frequent health centres and clinics for appropriate treatment during antenatal and treatment of any ailment during pregnancy.
Keywords: Traditional Medicine, Malaria and Pregnant Women