6th Academic Conference on New Strategies and Approaches (UNIJOS, 2022)


THEME: MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH ON THE SUB-SAHARA GROWTH IN MILLENNIUM ERA

 

DATE: 30th September, 2022

 

VENUE:UNIVERSITY OF JOS, JOS, PLATEAU STATE

 

ORGANIZERS: TIMBOU-AFRICA ACADEMIC PUBLICATION

 

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CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS:

 

ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF STRESS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTION PRACTITIONERS IN KADUNA STATE

 

 

Yusuf, I

Department of Quantity Surveying,

School of Environmental Technology,

Federal University of Technology,

Minna, Nigeria

 

Ola-Awo, A. W.

(Department of Quantity Surveying,

School of Environmental Technology,

Federal University of Technology,

Minna, Nigeria

 

Abstract.

In today’s workplace, across different industries, stress has become one of the world’s most common health concerns requiring considerable attention. Therefore, this study assessed the impact of work stress on the performance of construction practitioners with a view to suggesting strategies for effective management of stress. 201 questionnaires were administered to the research population and 200 were retrieved representing a response rate of 95.5 %. Analysis of the data was carried out with the use of Percentages, Mean Item Score (MIS), and Pearson product correlation. The study found that poor working conditions (MIS = 3.72); and work overload (MIS = 3.72) are the most prevalent factors contributing to stress among practitioners in the construction industry. Findings from the study also revealed that reduced job satisfaction (MIS = 3.90) is the most significant impact stress has on construction practitioners performance while task performance (MIS = 3.80) and technical performance (MIS = 3.76) are the most commonly used performance measures for construction practitioners. The study also found that work stress has a significant positive and slightly strong relationship with performance of construction practitioners with a value of 0.393. It was therefore concluded that workplace stress is a double edge sword and has both positive and negative impacts on the performance of professionals in the construction industry. The major recommendation from the study was that management should ensure that personnel are up-to-date and get sufficient training in order to effectively execute their jobs and track their progress.

 

Keywords: Construction practitioner, Performance, Stress,

 

PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFFCTS OF OCCUPATIONAL INFORMATION GROUP COUNSEL    NG ON CAREER CHOICE AMONG SSS 3 STUDENTS IN FEDERAL GOVERNMENT GIRLS’ COLLEGE POTISKUM, YOBE STATE

 

Dr. Ahmad Tahir Adamu Koki

Department of Education

Faculty of Art and Education

Yobe State University,

Potiskum.

 

 

ABSTRACT

The study investigate the effects of occupational information group counseling on career choice among senior secondary school students in Federal Government Girls’ College, Potiskum. The study has four (4) objectives with one research question and four (4) hypothesis.  The research design for the study was quasi- experimental of pre-test, post-test.  The population of the study comprises of all senor secondary school students of Federal Government Girls’ College Potiskum.  A total of one hundred (100) students were randomly selected from senior secondary students (SSS 3).  Stratified random sampling was also used to select students offering science, arts, commercial and technical subjects from each department.  Vocational Interest Inventory (VII) developed by Bakare (1970) was employed to collect data from the participants.  Three stage was used to collect data thus, pre-treatment, treatment and post-treatment stages.  The data generated was analysed using t-test and ANCOVA.  The findings of the study showed that there was significant difference between students who have received career information group counseling and those who have not (t=7.791; p<0.05); the effect of occupational information group counseling on career choice does not significantly vary according to the gender of the students (t=2.971; p<0.05).  The effect of career information group counseling on career choice does not significantly vary according to the age of the students (t=289;p<0.05); there is significant effect of occupational information group counseling on career choice according to the department of the students (F=9.03; p<0.05).  Educational stakeholders should intensify their efforts to organize seminars/ conference on the application of career group counseling as effective intervention toward enhancing career choice among secondary school students; educational planners should introduce vocational education in secondary schools.  this is worthwhile because vocational education extends the academic word to the world of work; teachers should emphaise during their lesson, the career implications of the subjects that students will see how individual subjects relate to existing career thus increasing their knowledge of occupation forms part of the recommendations.

KEY WORDS: Effect, Occupational Information, Occupational Information Group, Counselling, Career, Career Choice.

 

 

ASSESSMENT OF NUPE CULTURAL FEATURES IN A MULTIMEDIA STUDIO IN BIDA, NIGER STATE.

 

Jiya John NINMA

Department of Architecture,

School of environmental technology,

Federal University of Technology Minna,

Niger state.

 

Charles MAKUN

Department of Architecture,

School of environmental technology,

Federal University of Technology Minna,

Niger state.

 

Abstract

The constant evolution of culture has created new hybrids between art, film, media, advertising, journalism, architecture, and many other spheres that have an impact on human culture. These hybrids sometimes call for a paradigm shift or at least challenge our cultural philosophies or ideologies. As a result of technological transformation through industrialization, most public buildings in Nigeria are beginning to lack its indigenous Architecture within their cultural context. In addition, Studies have shown that most public buildings in Nigeria are lacking indigenous people’s spatial needs and cultural values and they are profound among the minority ethnic groups. As such, a public building such as a media house ought to reflect the culture of its location. This study focuses on evaluating the application of Nupe cultural features in the design of a multimedia studio in Bida. Media houses were selected randomly in Bida, Niger state to know how modernization has influenced the rich culture of the Nupe people. The research method employed in this study is the qualitative research method and the process of observation has been employed for gathering data. An observation schedule was used as an instrument for data collection and these data were sampled using the non-random sampling method. These data were analyzed through content analysis and the findings showed that the cultural feature has not been properly adopted in multimedia designs. The study concludes that a public building such as a media house should reflect the culture of its location and this can be achieved by prioritizing cultural artistic inputs on building by professionals and by extension, promoting the culture and art of its people.

 

KEYWORDS: Nupe cultural features, Hybrids, Public building, Multimedia.

 

MICROBIAL QUALITY OF CASSAVA AND MAIZE FLOURS SOLD WITHIN BAUCHI METROPOLIS

 

Ebu Bridget*,

Department of Science Laboratory Technology,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

Ogbeba Jeremiah

Department of Science Laboratory Technology,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

Yakubu Dauda Abubakar

Department of Science Laboratory Technology,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

ABSTRACT

Cassava and maize flours are the end products obtained from a processed food crops of Cassava and maize. Both crops constitute an economically important staple food in tropical and subtropical region of the world especially in Nigeria in which it is used in various form. Microorganisms could be associated with these products at any stage in its growth, from seeding or planting stage through post-harvest and also in terms of processing and handling. Some of these microorganisms are potential pathogens which may be detrimental and constitute health hazard to consumers. Hence the aim of this work is to  investigation the microbial quality of cassava and maize flour sold within Bauchi metropolis. Flour samples were collected from muda lawal market and isolates  of the organisms were obtained using serial dilution, plated on duplicate plates using the pour plate method. Developed colonies were identified based on colonial morphology, microscopy on Gram’s staining and bio-chemical reactions on indole, oxidase, nitrate, citrate, and sugar test. The result obtained revealed the presence of the following microorganisms (Staphylococcus spp, Bacillus spp, micrococcus spp, clostridium spp, Penicillium spp, and Aspergillus spp. The sample showed a total microbial count of 2.2×104 and 3.6x10cfu/ml for cassava and maize respectively. Therefore, the practices of basic sanitary rules of hygiene in terms of processing, preparing and handling should be employed.

 

Keywords: Microbial, quality, cassava,  maize, flours

 

INVESTIGATING THE OPTIMALITY CRITERIA FOR A PARTIALLY BALANCED LATTICE DESIGN WITH TWO ASSOCIATE CLASSES

 

Nenlat R. R,

Department of Mathematics and Statistics,

Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria,

 

Nwaosu S. C,

Department of Mathematics/Statistics,

University of Agriculture, Makurdi,

Bunue State, Nigeria.

 

Abdulkadir A.

Department of Mathematical Sciences,

Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria,

 

Pam D. D.

Department of Mathematics and Statistics,

Kaduna Polytechnic Kaduna,

Kaduna State, Nigeria

 

Abstract:

Lattice designs is a class of incomplete block designs most commonly used in agricultural research. There is sufficient flexibility in the design to make its application simpler than most other incomplete block designs. The aim of this study is to investigate the design based optimality criteria of a two associate classes of a Partial Balance Lattice Design. The D, A, and E optimality criteria were studied. These approaches were demonstrated in our study involving nine treatments. We investigated the robustness properties of each of these optimal designs using their relative efficiencies. The results show that D-optimal has the highest values of 27 and 729 respectively for one replicate, and  two replicates  designs, while A has 9, and  18,  E has 3, 3,  althrough the designs. Considering the efficiency of the designs, in maximizing the information matrix, the results show that D, has 3.57 while A has 40 and E have 50. In minimized the dispersion matrix, the results show that D has 96.498 while A has 40 and E have 50. The results above showed that partial lattice design with one and two possess D optimality criteria which maximize the information matrix. It is therefore recommended that an experimenter that chooses a Lattice design can do with a one or two replicated design without any loss of information.

 

Keywords: Lattice Square design, Associate classes, Optimality criteria, and Efficiency.

 

 

ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION PRACTICES ON MALARIA CONTROL AND PREVENTION IN ABI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA

 

Onu Nkechi Emmanuela

Department of Home and Rural Economics

Federal Polytechnic Oko

 

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to determine the environmental sanitation practices on malaria prevention and control in Abi Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study design in Abi Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria from June to August, 2016 conducted. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to generate data from 450 adult respondents who were selected using multi-stage sampling technique. An observational checklist was used to assess the sanitary condition of residential dwellings and facilities. Data generated was entered into excel spread sheet and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20.0) software for analysis. Results were presented in frequencies, tables and charts. Chi-square was used to test for association between variables at 0.05 α level. It was revealed that 283 (62.9%) respondents exhibited poor environmental sanitation practices while 167 (37.1%) had good environmental sanitation practices. It also was observed that age (p=0.023), gender (p=0.000), educational status (p=0.000) and income (p=0.000) were found to be statistically significantly associated with environmental sanitation practices. Hence, malaria intervention programmes should be redesigned or remodeled to include the core components of environmental sanitation to prevent mosquito breeding and mitigate malaria transmission in rural areas.

 

Keywords: Environmental sanitation practices; malaria control; malaria prevention; mosquito.

 

 

SIMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A LOW-COST CARBON MONOXIDE DETECTOR

 

Romanus I.O1,

Department of Applied Physics,

Federal Polytechnic Mubi,

Adamawa State.

 

Sunday Ayigun2 &

Department of Applied Physics,

Federal Polytechnic Mubi,

Adamawa State.

 

Maria Dingari3

3Department of Science Laboratory Technology,

Federal Polytechnic Mubi,

Adamawa State.

 

Abstract

In this research, simulation and implementation of a low-cost Carbon monoxide detector was carried out to provide an efficient, straight forward and robust solution to monitor the air quality continuously and in real-time. It is a portable system that integrates single sensor MQ9 sensor as single unit and can be place anywhere. The result for simulation are 00ppm at 00seconds, 128ppm at 1.8secs, 100ppm at 2.00secs and 50ppm at 2.80secs and in testing the implemented detector, the obtained result in room was 20ppm at 0.00secs, 120ppm at 5secs and 60ppm at 30secs while in outdoor environment at 0.00secs, CO level was 10ppm at 5secs the CO level was 300ppm and at 30secs the ppm level was 40 respectively. The system uses 9V as it DC power supply. The research recommends that the device be modified using GSM module.

 

Key words: Sensor, Carbon monoxide, Module, Gas, Pollution and detector.         

 

 

CHARCOAL STOVE (KOLLYSON-YOYO) INNOVATION WITH THERMAL PERFORMANCE, SAFETY AND DURABILITY FOR WOMEN IN NORTH-CENTRAL NIGERIA

 

Sikiru Gbenga K.,

Department of Pest Management Technology,

Federal College of Forestry, Jos,

Plateau State, Nigeria

 

Olorundare Olufunke O.,

Department of Pest Management Technology,

Federal College of Forestry, Jos,

Plateau State, Nigeria

 

Olori Oke Olusolape.,

Department of Pest Management Technology,

Federal College of Forestry, Jos,

Plateau State, Nigeria

 

Ayorinde James,

Department of Pest Management Technology,

Federal College of Forestry, Jos,

Plateau State, Nigeria

 

Oladejo Afolabi O.

Department of Pest Management Technology,

Federal College of Forestry, Jos,

Plateau State, Nigeria

 

John Omokoje

Department of Pest Management Technology,

Federal College of Forestry, Jos,

Plateau State, Nigeria

 

Abstract

The cooking stoves used by households are not always efficient and pose serious environmental and health problems. Improving the energy efficiency of cookstoves reduces biomass consumption and thus the anthropogenic pressure on forests. This work aims to identify the best charcoal cooking stove(s) in terms of energy performance, safety and sustainability. The approach combines the combined study of the energy performance, safety and durability of charcoal cooking cookers. A representative sample of five types of charcoal stoves commonly used in Nigeria is tested according to the requirements of the ISO 19867 standard. These are the square cooking stove, the circular cooking stove, the clay cooking stove,the Nansu cooking and Kollyson-Yoyo stove. The results show two stoves with the best performance: The Nansu stove with a total energy efficiency of 21.43% and an output of 0.9 kW and the Kollyson-Yoyo Charcoal stove with a total energy efficiency of 24.12% and an output of 0.71 kW. These two stoves are made of clay and double metal walledcoupled with a blowerof 12volt power bank respectfully. They both offer the best safety with an overall average rating of 61.5 and70.5 for. The Kollyson-Yoyo stove has better durability than the clay stove. This study thus contributes to the preservation of the environment and health through the recommendation of efficient, safe and durable charcoal cookers to be promoted.

 

Keywords: Charcoal stove, Energy performance, Safety, Health risks, Thermal performance

 

 

MEDIATING EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERVICE QUALITY, CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY

 

 

Ladokun, I. O*,

*Department of Marketing,

The Polytechnic, Ibadan, Nigeria

 

Oyeniyi, K.O**,

**Department of Business Administration and Management,

Osun State Polytechnic, Iree, Nigeria

 

Ogunrinade, Ranti**,

**Department of Business Administration and Management,

Osun State Polytechnic, Iree, Nigeria

 

Adeyemi, M. A**

**Department of Business Administration and Management,

Osun State Polytechnic, Iree, Nigeria

 

Abstract

Today’s highly competitive environment, technological advancements, increasing customer demands and an increasingly dynamic economic environment pose the world’s greatest challenges to the telecommunications sector. Therefore, this study examines the mediating role of organizational culture between service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty, with particular reference to the MTN, Nigeria. The survey was distributed to 470 of the MTN Nigeria employees. Data analysis was performed with the structural equation modeling using STATA version 15. The results reveal that service quality was significantly correlated with customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. The study also confirms that service quality is highly related to organizational culture. It also shows that corporate culture has a significant impact on customer loyalty. It was also shown that organizational culture partially mediates between service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. It was concluded that organizational culture and service quality are important factors in customer satisfaction and loyalty. Therefore, the study recommends that the Nigerian telecom industry management needs to continue to introduce a culture of service quality across the different services offered. This will go a long way to achieve a leading position in the global Telecommunication space by 2030

 

Keywords: Service quality, Customer satisfaction, loyalty, Organizational culture, MTN

 

 

 

INFLUENCE OF CORONA VIRUS (COVID-19) PANDEMIC ON THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN LIVING WITH SPECIAL NEEDS IN NIGERIA

 

Mwapishak, Mikitda Sani

Otana Edu-Health Services Nigeria,

Jos Branch, Jos,

Plateau State

 

Mbai Matlong Sylvia

Department of Special Education and Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty of Education,

University of Jos,

Plateau State.

 

Abstract:

This paper focused on factors that influenced the level of inclusion in education for children with special needs before and during the Corona Virus Pandemic (COVID-19) and determined the influence of pandemic-related circumstances (e.g social distancing, online learning) on the well-being and daily activities of children living with special needs and their parents. The writers portray that during the pandemic period, home isolation, lack of socialization, changes in daily routines and lack of services negatively affected the emotional states of children living with special needs, contributing to parental overload and stress. Multiple factors influenced low  inclusion and  benefits  for  children  with  special needs in  distance/online education  during  the pandemic. Thus, to improve education quality, inclusion and opportunities for children living with special needs, we recommend adapting curricula and teaching programmmes according to children’s individual needs, providing equal treatment to all children, encouraging teachers’ professional advancement, providing services within schools, involving and supporting parents in their children’s education.

 

Keywords: COVID-19, Children with special needs, online learning and Inclusion.

 

 

STUDY OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF HYDROXYAPATITE/TITANIUM DIOXIDE FOCUS: IN BANDGAP ENERGY DETERMINATION USING THREE DIFFERENT MODELS.

 

  1. Yunana,

Department of Physics,

Kaduna state College of Education, Gidan Waya

Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

  1. Ali

Department of Physics,

Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna,

Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

  1. Onimisi

Department of Physics,

Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna,

Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract

In the recent past, improvement of optical and band gap energy properties of photocatalytic materials via the amalgamation of synthetic titanium dioxide with natural mineral modifier became a new strategy to achieve novel photovoltaic optical devices. Inspired by this idea, we prepared a natural minerals called hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) with TiO2 stochiometrically by standard sol – gel method and characterized. The role of varying percentage weight of HAp on optical and bandgap energy proposed was fully examined. UV –visible spectroscopy was used to measure the absorbance data, were optical constants such as absorption coefficient, extension coefficient, refractive index, transmittance and absorbance were evaluated. From the optical analysis it was found that, the absorption response in UV-region is at 200nm – 400nm with an absorption edge around (650 – 950) nm was achieved, and its transmittance is at (400 – 800) nm in the visible region. The value of absorption coefficient (α) and extension coefficient (k) of HAP/TiO2 increased with increasing the wt% of HA. likewise, the band gap energy decreases as the percentage weight of HAP increases in all the three models, Notwithstanding, the optical band gap in DASF (derivation of absorption spectrum fitting) method was obtained by taking the whole derivative of the spectrum instead of extrapolating certain range as in Tauc and ASF (absorption spectrum fitting) method. As a result, this makes DASF method exceptional, more efficient and accurate model for band gap energy determination.

Keywords: Hydroxyapatite, titanium dioxide, optical band gap, spectrum fitting, nanoparticles.

 

 

AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP, JOB CRAFTING AND EMPLOYEES PERFORMANCE: A PROPOSED MODERATING FRAMEWORK IN ADAMAWA STATE HIGHER INSTITUTIONS

 

Adamu Ahmed Girei,

Department of Business Administration and Management,

Federal Polytechnic Mubi,

Adamawa State, Nigeria.

 

Rafiatu Ahmed Digil

Department of Business Administration and Management,

Federal Polytechnic Mubi,

Adamawa State, Nigeria.

 

Rifkatu Ibrahim

Department of Business Administration and Management,

Federal Polytechnic Mubi,

Adamawa State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract

Employees’ performance is a mechanism through which organizational sustainability and growth are achieve in the dynamic, competitive and technology driven business environment. This paper proposed a framework that suggests significant interaction between authentic leadership and employee’s performance. The interaction among authentic leadership style and performance with job crafting as the moderator has been incorporated in the Framework. The framework will contribute to a better understanding of an interaction between authentic leadership style and employees’ performance in Nigeria and other developing nations.

 

Keywords:  Authentic leadership style, employees performance, job crafting

 

 

GENERAL-PURPOSE IMAGE TAMPERING DETECTION TECHNIQUES: A REVIEW OF RECENT ADVANCES

 

Abdulkadir Maigari Turaki,

Department of Computer Science,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Fatima Ahmed Abubakar,

Department of Computer Science,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Ahmad Atika Jibrin,

Department of Computer Science,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Suberu yusuf,

4Department of Computer Science,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Sunusi Abdulhamid Dantata

Department of Computer Science,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract:

Image tampering is the action of adding or removing important features from an image to change its semantic meaning for illegal or malicious purposes. The development of sophisticated computers and image editing software has made the tampering of digital images easy and undetectable by the human visual system. As a result, the tampering of images for malicious purposes is now rampant in our society leading to many ethical and moral consequences, such as the spread of fake news, wrong verdicts, and damage of reputation among others. For these reasons, it is important to have tools that can help us determine the authenticity of digital media. The earliest methods for detecting image tampering focused on detecting specific image tampering, they could not be used for detecting multiple image tampering. However, practical image tampering often involves multiple tampering operations. To address this problem, recent studies in image tampering detection have focused on designing general purpose or universal approaches capable of detecting more than one image tampering type. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of the recent development in general-purpose or universal image tampering detection techniques. The paper discusses and summaries recent general-purpose image tampering detection approaches, along with a detailed discussion on the datasets and evaluation metrics used. Comparative analysis of the performance of the reviewed methods, some discussion on the challenges faced by the current methods, and scopes for future directions are also presented in this review. The main goal of this paper is to help fellow and prospective researchers in digital image forensic by collecting the current trends, challenges, and some future direction in the development of general-purpose image tampering detection methods.

 

Keywords: image tampering; general purpose; tampering detection; image forensics; review

 

 

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EFFECTS OF AGE AT HARVEST ON THE NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION Celosia argenta and Amaranthus cruentus

 

*Lawal I.A,

* Science Laboratory Technology Department,

The Oke-Ogun Polytechnic, Saki,

Oyos State, Nigeria.

 

*Azeez G.O,

* Science Laboratory Technology Department,

The Oke-Ogun Polytechnic, Saki,

Oyos State, Nigeria.

 

*Imran M.O

* Science Laboratory Technology Department,

The Oke-Ogun Polytechnic, Saki,

Oyos State, Nigeria.

 

**Bolanle E.O

**Science Laboratory Technology Department,

Adeseun Ogundoyin Polytechnic, Eruwa.

 

ABSTRACT

Leafy vegetables are regular ingredient in the diet of the average Nigerians. Maturity at harvest can significantly impact product composition and the nutritive value of the crop. The physiology of growth, development, maturation, ripening and senescence results in pronounced chemical as well as physical changes in the edible plant part.The research that investigated the effects of age at harvest on the proximate, mineral, vitamin and phytochemical compositions of Celosus argenta and Amaranthus cruentus was conducted at the Oke Ogun Polytechnic Saki. A garden was made for the planting of the selected leafy vegetables. The samples were harvested at three harvesting ages; 5, 7 and 9 Weeks After Sowing (WAS). Laboratory analysis was done on the air dried edible portions. The results shown that age at harvest significantly affected the proximate (CHO (60.80 – 43.41)), minerals (K (300 -238.15mg/g)), antioxidant (flavanoid (0.96 – 0.25mg/g) and vitamins (1.46-0.83mg/g) concentrations while the effect was not significant on that of antinutrients ( phytate (2.07-0.34)). It was therefore concluded that the optimum time of harvesting Amaranth is between 6 to 8 weeks after sowing, while that of celosia is anytime from the 7th WAS.

 

Keywords: Maturation, Phytochemical, Proximate, Composition, Antioxidant

 

UNDERSTANDING NIGERIA AS A CIRCULAR NATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY AND ITS IMPLICATION FOR UNITY

 

Ven Egesi Jonathan .C

Imo State Polytechnic Omuma-Oru East,

Imo State, Nigeria.

 

Ven Duruji Simeon Ugochukwu. (PhD)

Department of Religion and Cultural Studies,

(A.I.F.C.E) Owerri-Nigeria

 

Mrs Ijeoma Eze-Chukwunyere Nwebo (PhD)

(A.I.F.C.E) Owerri-Nigeria.

 

 

Abstract

Nigeria as a country being circular in its nature implies a situation where people from other religions and ethnic nationalities and backgrounds are considered duly and considered to be accorded the necessary privileges both in the scheme of things and other wise. Let the above  be as it may. Since the amalgamation of the various parts of the country in the year 1914, the journey to the actualization of great things has seemed an ardous task as the amalgamated protectorates have found it sacrilegious to co-habit with each other making the various parts of the country look tensioned and delicate if not fragile. The question every right  thinking Nigerian should ask him/herself and answer is this. How did we arrive at where we are today?  Is it by intention or omission? How well can we tolerate ourselves and live together? If impossible, how then can we all actualize self determination other than breed bitterness and bigotry. The above  statement form the gamut of this study. A handful of data collection techniques were used in this study as interviews, periodicals, journal and the internet. The functionalist theory was adopted for this study thereafter,the conclusion was drawn.

 

Keywords: Understanding, Nigeria, Circular Nation, Century and Implication

 

 

IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND LABOUR PARTICIPATION ON NET MIGRATION IN NIGERIA

 

Isere, Victoria Oshuare Merab

Department oHumanities and Social Sciences

School of General Studies

Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi

 

Bawa Hassan

Department oHumanities and Social Sciences

School of General Studies

Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi

 

Abstract

Migration is fuelled by a number of factors which include economic, educational, marital and work-related factors.  It is also fuelled by global integration of world States.  Globalization brings about economic, social as well as cultural interconnectedness and this greases the wheels of international migration.  Globalization is a multi-dimensional process of unprecedented rapid and revolutionary growth in the extensiveness and intensity of interconnectedness on a global scale.  This work portrays the contributions of economic growth, globalization, unemployment and labour participation to migration in Nigeria using Ordinary Least square.  The findings reveal that there exists a negative significant relationship between net migration on one hand and foreign direct investment, economic growth and labour force participation on the other hand. Unemployment had a positive and significant relationship with net migration too.  All these are true in the long run analysis. In the short run, FDI, LFP and one period lag of UNE were negative and statistically significant while current period UNE was positive and statistically significant.  Only FDI and net migration had a significant unidirectional causality from net migration to FDI.  The paper recommends that Government should help improve labour participation by fighting unemployment through better business environments that will ensure that remittances have a good place for investment in Nigeria amongst others.

 

Keywords: net migration, globalization FDI, Unemployment, labour participation

 

 

PLANNING FOR URBAN CEMETRIES IN KADUNA METROPOLIS, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA.

 

Bako Kozah Kevin,

Department of Urban and Regional Planning,

Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic Zaria,

Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

Bako Parah Emmanuel,

Department of Urban and Regional Planning,

Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic Zaria,

Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

Bulus Damina

Department of Urban and Regional Planning,

Waziru Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi.

 

Abdul Husaini

Department of Urban and Regional Planning,

Federal University of Technology, Minna,

Niger State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract

Strategic planning for cemeteries should be one of the easier tasks for planners. Supply and demand can be estimated with some certainty from death rate. For the dead to rest in peace, Planners need to begin to see reason for planning for the death. The research was conducted via a reconnaissance and physical survey. The existing population of the study area was provided by the National Population Commission and information regarding death people was sourced from Kaduna State Ministry of Health. The inventory of the spatial distribution of cemeteries in Kaduna metropolis was done via physical survey and update of Google images of study area and digitization. The data were presented and analyzed using descriptive statistics techniques. The study identified 25 cemeteries spatially distributed within the metropolis and the facilities within the identified cemeteries were grossly inadequate and unplanned. The result also showed that the cemeteries are over utilized with regards to their capacity as about 70% of the cemeteries were filled beyond capacity with 80% of them totally in poor condition. Major recommendation and design proposal, which include provision of cemeteries within 1.5km radius for better service delivery as well as provision of land by government for additional grave sites.

Keywords: Burial grounds, cemeteries, spatial, internment, planning standards, characteristics.

 

AWARENESS AND PERCEPTIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AMONG EXTENSION WORKERS OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (ADP) IN PART OF NIGER STATE

 

 

Hassan, Ibrahim Alhaji

Department of Geography,

Federal University of Technology Minna,

Niger State, Nigeria.

 

Dr. T. I. Yahaya

Department of Geography,

Federal University of Technology Minna,

Niger State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract

Given the devastating effects of climate change on agriculture, it is pertinent to determine the level of awareness and perception of climate change among extension workers of the Agricultural Development Programme (ADP) in Niger State. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to determine the level of awareness and perception of climate change among extension workers of the Agricultural Development Programme (ADP) in part of Niger State. The paper used both primary and secondary data. The methods of data analysis used include both qualitative and quantitative data analysis methods. The Data analysis was analysed utilizing SPSS 22.0. The study shows that conference source ranked the highest with 255 sampled population affirming it, radio source ranked second with 252 sampled population affirming it while cell phone ranked the least with 9 sampled population affirming it. This shows that the major source of climate change information for ADP workers was conference organized by both the government and non governmental organizations. The study also revealed that the major perceived cause of climate change is cutting down of trees. The study also shows that reduced crop yield was the major perceived effect of climate change in the study area which is a factor of decrease soil fertility and increased crop pests and diseases in the study area. The paper concludes that agricultural extension agents in Niger State are aware of climate change but lack sufficient knowledge about it, and thus require training on a variety of climate change-related topics, most notably basic climate change concepts, the use of cultural practices to mitigate and adapt to climate impacts, and environmentally friendly management practices to reduce climate change impact within the study area.

 

Keywords: Awareness, Perception, Climate Change, Agricultural Development Programme and Extension Workers

 

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHERS’ JOB SATISFACTION AND JOB PERFORMANCE IN YOBE STATE PUBLIC SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS, NIGERIA WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO SCHOOLS IN POTISKUM AND DAMATURU ZONAL INSPECTORATE DIVISION

 

 

Dr. Ahmad Tahir Adamu Koki

Department of Education

Faculty of Art and Education

Yobe State University, Damaturu

Yobe State, Nigeria.

 

ABSTRACT

The study investigated the Relationship between Teachers’ Job Satisfaction and Job Performance in Senior Secondary Schools in Yobe State – Nigeria. The problem in which the researcher intends to investigate is to examine whether there is a significant relationship between teachers’ job satisfaction (such as salary packages, in-service allowance, promotion and housing facilities) and job performance (such as mastering of subject matter, classroom management, punctuality, good lesson delivery and update of school records} in senior secondary schools in Yobe State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study are to examine: the relationship between teachers” salary packages and job performance in senior secondary schools in Yobe state of Nigeria; the relationship between teachers’ promotion and job performance in senior secondary schools in Yobe state, Nigeria; the relationship between teachers’ in-services allowances and job performance in senior secondary schools in Yobe State, Nigeria; the relationship between teachers” housing facilities and job performance in senior secondary schools in Yobe state, Nigeria. The methodology used for the study adopt correlational research design, the population of the study was all the teachers in senior secondary school, 359 teachers was used as sample for the study and the researcher adopt simple random sampling techniques and structured questionnaire was used as the research instrument, the questionnaire was validated by the supervisor and other lecturers, descriptive statistics and simple regression analysis was used in analyzing the data. The following are the findings of the study: Salary package is high in senior secondary schools in Yobe State with a grand mean of 4.03; Promotion is high in senior secondary schools in Yobe State with a grand mean of 4.12; Incentive is high in senior secondary schools in Yobe State with a grand mean of 3.74; Housing facility is high in senior secondary schools in Yobe State with a grand mean of 3.76; Teachers ‘job performance is high in senior secondary schools in Yobe State with a grand mean of 4.12; Salary package and teachers ‘job performance were found to have a statistically significant positive relationship in senior secondary schools in Yobe State, Nigeria (r value = 0.737); Promotion and teachers’ job performance were found to have a statistically significant positive relationship in senior secondary schools in Yobe State, Nigeria (r value = 0.707); Incentive and teachers’ job performance were found to have a statistically significant positive relationship in senior secondary schools in Yobe State, Nigeria (r value = 0.798); Housing facility and teachers’ job performance were found to have a statistically significant positive relationship in senior secondary schools in Yobe State, Nigeria (r value = 0.707). This study suggested that similar study should be conducted in junior secondary schools in Yobe State, Nigeria.  This is also suggest that, relationship between motivation and teachers ‘job performance could be investigated in senior secondary schools.

 

Keywords: Teachers’ Job Satisfaction, Teachers’ Job Performance, Salary package, Promotion, In-service allowance, Housing facilities.

 

 

ASSESSMENT OF SECURITY MEASURES IN THE DESIGN OF A PUBLIC SCHOOL IN KASTINA STATE, NIGERIA.

 

Momoh ThankGod;

Department of Architecture,

School of Environmental Technology,

Federal University of Technology Minna,

Niger State, Nigeria.

 

Dr Charles Makun

Department of Architecture,

School of Environmental Technology,

Federal University of Technology Minna,

Niger State, Nigeria.

 

ABSTRACT

Over the years there have being a global increase in terrorist attacks, the last few years, Nigeria as a country has have its own fair share of terrorism attacks, ranging from kidnapping to terrorist attacks and most of this attacks are carried out by terrorist forcing their way through unsecured public buildings, we conclude that the effect of these attacks especially bomb blast attacks on buildings affects the overall safety of building occupants and other important structure. It is therefore become a matter to take seriously.  This recent wave of abductions follows other notorious incidents of mass abduction and murder of students, most prominently the cases of the Chibok and Dapchi girls. We should take all aspects and consideration to increase the architectural and structural resistance by advanced methods of designing, advanced materials and different security procedure of implication. It is mainly because of these are manmade disaster that’s why it’s an exceptional case. furthermore it is discovered that most public buildings mostly in the northern part of the country are not designed with some innovative security measures as to be adopted in such structures to safe guard it. Hence the need for proper security measure in public buildings through the use of crime prevention through environment control (CPTED) cannot be overemphasized, therefore this research is embarked upon exploring different measure through crime prevention can be actualized in public building through the use of crime prevention through environmental control, so as to reduce or counter terrorist’s attacks in public schools in northern part of the country, we will be adopting qualitative research approach, which entails participating, observing and also conducting interviews, the results of the findings will be incorporated as a serious measure in public schools to enhance security against terrorism in public structures.

 

Keywords: Innovative, Environmental, Terrorist, Kidnapping, Terrorism.

 

THE IMPACT OF INTERACTIVE SPACES ON LEARNING: A MINI REVIEW

 

Mustapha Maryam,

Department of Architecture,

Federal University of Technology Minna,

Niger State, Nigeria.

 

Lateef A. Lawal

Department of Architecture,

Federal University of Technology Minna,

Niger State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract

The built spaces are essential for facilitating learning, and encouraging learners to reach their goal. However, some spaces outside the designated classrooms serve as extensions for learning to continue which are often ignored. This mini review assessed the evidence on the impact such spaces may have on learning for students. The review focused on the existing research on interactive spaces in schools, and highlighted their importance, design, and as support tools to promote learning process.

 

Keywords interactive spaces, learning, outdoor spaces.

 

 

RE-INVENTING THE CONCEPT OF FLEXIBLE SPACES FOR SHOPPING MALLS IN KUGBO, ABUJA, NIGERIA

 

Nwodoh, Linda Ogechukwu1

Department of Architecture,

Federal University of Technology, Minna,

Niger State, Nigeria1

 

Eze, Chukwudum Jasper 2

Department of Architecture,

Federal University of Technology, Minna,

Niger State, Nigeria1

 

ABSTRACT

The process of reinventing spaces within the mall would deliver a product, be it an office space or social space that would provide tenants with spaces which are valuable, needed and useful. This shows an appreciation of prevailing trends and the need for shopping mall spaces to be transformed to alternative uses that can breathe life into it. As a result of changes in human behaviour and technological advancement, the need for flexible space creation is on the increase. This change is most evident in commercial facilities where rigid and solid wall construction is the norm and poses a limitation for expansion as a result of the growth of commercial establishments. The aim of this paper is to make spaces within the mall flexible so that the spaces can be transformed to serve various purposes as the need arise. The methodology used in this research is the descriptive research method. This study involved literature review and case study of selected shopping malls in Abuja, Nigeria. Content analysis was utilized in analysing and reporting data collected from the literature review and case studies. The result from this show that some of the shopping malls visited are not flexible enough to be used for other purposes. It therefore concludes that the study will promote flexibility of mall spaces for multiple uses thereby making it easily marketable. It therefore recommends that Architects and designers should improve on their design to encourage flexibility of spaces for multiple use.

 

Keywords: Commercial, Design, Flexible, Shopping Mall, Trends, Re-invent

 

 

EFFECT OF FINANCIAL FRAUD ON NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT:

NIGERIA PROJECT

 

Olatunji, Tunde E. (PhD);

Directorate of Academic Planning,

Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria,

Kaduna State, Nigeria

 

Dauda, Adamu Abubakar,

Directorate of Academic Planning,

Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria,

Kaduna State, Nigeria

 

Alkali Priscilla N.,

Directorate of Academic Planning,

Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria,

Kaduna State, Nigeria

 

Shehu Umar,

Directorate of Academic Planning,

Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria,

Kaduna State, Nigeria

 

Dogara Nasiru Danladi (PhD);

Nasarawa State Board of Internal Revenue, Lafia

Nasarawa State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract

The financial scandals which have appeared in recent times have placed fraud at the heart of economic and financial issues. Fraud by executives has disastrous consequences as it results in huge losses for investors and creditors, and especially for the company itself. Most of these frauds were often in the form of accounting and financial manipulation, and they have evolved to change forms. Fraud is a hidden crime and businesses cannot assume that all frauds have been detected. It is extremely unlikely that the detected fraud within an organization will represent the total financial impact of fraud on that organization, or the total loss from fraud they have experienced. It is a fact that some individuals will look to make gains where there is opportunity, and organizations need robust processes in place to prevent, detect and respond to fraud. Fraud impacts on people, industries, public bodies, services, economy, and the environment and all of these can be irreversibly harmed. The research therefore recommends that Auditors and Accountants in organizations and financial institutions should be trained on how to carry out forensic investigation since the fraudsters are now sophisticated in their operation. Also, internal control systems should be strengthened to block opportunities that attract fraud perpetrators and oversight function of the National Assembly be strengthened to make public office holders accountable.

 

Keywords:  Fraud, deterrence and prevention, Return on Assets, Financial institutions, National Development

 

 

ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF SLAG CEMENT CONCRETE: THE NEED FOR SLAG CEMENT IN NIGERIA

 

  1. Terlumun1,

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,

Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna,

Kaduna State, Nigeria

 

Alabi JO2,

Department of Civil Engineering Technology,

Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa,

Nasarawa State, Nigeria

 

Sanni Jacob Enewo2,

Department of Civil Engineering Technology,

Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa,

Nasarawa State, Nigeria

 

MJ Yusuf2

Department of Civil Engineering Technology,

Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa,

Nasarawa State, Nigeria

 

AS Ogbiye1

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,

Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna,

Kaduna State, Nigeria

 

MS Awopetu1

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,

Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna,

Kaduna State, Nigeria

 

 

Abstract

This study review relevant literatures concerning the engineering and Environmental advantages of Slag Cement Concrete over Portland Cement Concrete in the construction industry. Several works were reviewed on the subject matter to ascertain the appropriate mix ratios, assess the setting time, compressive strength, flexural strength, permeability and it resistance to sulpates and chloride attacks. The review shows that concrete performs better at replacement ratios of 25 to 50%. It also reveals that Slag Cement Concrete has lower setting time than Portland cement. Concrete made with Slag Cement has considerably higher compressive and flexural strength than Portland cement concrete, permeability was observed to be less in Slag Cement than Portland cement, Slag Cement also offers better resistance to chemical attacks than Portland Cement. It was also observed that Slag Cement is more environmental friendly than Portland cement. Hence, Slag Cement should be given more consideration in the construction industry.

 

 

ROUTE DESIGN: A GUIDE FOR ENGINEERING BILL OF QUANTITY

 

Zakari, Danladi

Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

Ahmed, Babayo

Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

Adamu Makama Pindiga

Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

ABSTRACT

Road is an assets of nations economy and the driving force of integration and development. Road network plays a vital role in the social economic and political development of any country. Nigeria is aggregation state where most of its produced is concentrated in the rural area that are mostly in accessible due to inadequate road network, it became imperative to explore the means of providing sufficient road network to link rural areas with it adjourning city centers, in view of the important role played by adequate road networks in the economy of this nation as well as availability of survey data in the construction of such road networks. It provide data for the heighting, alignment, as well as for the setting out curves, culverts, bridges  where necessary along communication routes such as road networks, railroads, canals, transmission lines, and pipelines. The proposed route starts from Yelwan Duguri to Birim village in Alkaleri Local Government Area of Bauchi State, covering a distance of habitants of both villages are mainly farmers and are in daring need of good roads, specifically this particular project if utilized, could facilitate the conveyance of their farm produces to the city centre. Sokkia SET 600 Total Station instruments was used to carry out the route survey along the proposed road to provide data on the existing Position and heights as well as the topographic features within the corridor for the plotting of the longitudinal profile of the road and subsequent Engineering design of the Geometry of the road. Levelling was carried out along the proposed route at 20m interval to provide vertical controls for the alignment of the centre-line of the route and for the design of the longitudinal profile. Hydraulic structure such as culvert and concrete line drain were designed in this research for road construction. Engineering bill of quantity was also produced for appropriate costing of engineering work. This research work is recommended for used by the Bauchi state Government as well as the Federal Government of Nigeria.

 

Keywords: Profile, Cross section, Engineering bill, Quantity, Costing and Road network,

 

 

ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS AND REMEDIES OF CHANGE ORDER IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS: A CASE STUDY OF BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA

 

1Raji Mohammed Mudashir,

Department of quantity Surveying,

The Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

2Abubakar Hamza Sakwa,

Department of quantity Surveying,

The Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

3Yarima Mohammed,

Department of quantity Surveying,

The Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

4Ibrahim Idris

Department of Building Technology,

The Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

5Ahmad Mohammed Ahmad,

Department of quantity Surveying,

The Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

6Filibus Ibrahim Danfitoh

Department of quantity Surveying,

The Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

ABSTRACT

Change order is observed as one of the most frequently occurring issues in construction projects in Nigeria. These changes are known to impact various aspects of the projects. This study assessed the effect of change orders on public building projects in Bauchi State with a view to reducing them. The objectives of the study include: determining the causes of change orders; identifying the effects of change orders; and then recommending strategies to minimize variation orders. A comprehensive review of relevant literature resulted in the identification of 8 common causes of variation orders, 7 effects of variation orders, and 10 recommended strategies to minimize the variation orders. A desk study and questionnaire survey were carried out to identify the causes of variation orders, and their impacts on public building projects and to seek recommendations to reduce them. The desk study was conducted on fifty-five samples size and the causes of change orders and their impacts on the projects were identified. The questionnaire responses were analyzed using SPSS descriptive statistics and the results were ranked using the average mean. The results indicated Risk factors, the complexity of design, Governmental financial problems, poor procurement process, and varying specifications by the consultant were the most causes of change orders. The results also showed that Productivity degradation, quality degradation, cost overrun, time overrun and delay in completion have the most effect on change. The findings also suggested the most recommended strategies to minimize change orders. These strategies include Value engineering, comprehensive design details, reduction of contingency, completeness of order documentation, and adequate payment from the client to lessen change on public building projects.

 

Keywords: Change, Change orders, Building projects, Public Institutions, Bauchi State

 

 

IMPACT OF OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT STRATEGY ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF NIGERIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY: MEDIATING EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMPETENCE

 

Oyewole F.A1,

Department of Procurement and Supply Chain Management,

Osun State Polytechnic, Iree,

Osun State, Nigeria

 

Adeyemi, M. A2,

Department of Business Administration and Management,

Osun State Polytechnic, Iree,

Osun State, Nigeria

 

Oyeniyi, K.O2,

Department of Business Administration and Management,

Osun State Polytechnic, Iree,

Osun State, Nigeria

 

Ola, Timothy Olalekan2

Department of Business Administration and Management,

Osun State Polytechnic, Iree,

Osun State, Nigeria

 

Abstract

The Nigerian manufacturing sector has been plagued by a series of issues that have continued to impact productivity and profitability due to the unfavorable macroeconomic conditions coupled with the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has become a global concern. This current study, therefore, examines the mediating effect of organizational competence on the relationship between management strategy and organizational performance in the manufacturing industry. A judgmental sampling approach was used to select the Procter & Gamble Company, but using a simple random sampling technique to select 252 respondents from a total population of 2,878 employees. Data were collected from respondents using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling. The results show that supply chain strategy is positively and significantly associated with organizational competence, value proposition strategy, procurement strategy, facility management strategy, and organizational performance, whereas procurement strategy is associated with organizational performance but found not to be significantly related. Although the study also confirms that organizational competence does not mediate between supply chain strategy, procurement strategy, and organizational performance. Organizational competence is partly mediates between value proposition strategy and organizational performance, and perfectly mediates between value facility management strategy and organizational performance. Therefore, manufacturing sector should focus on making their procurement strategies more strategic so that the sector can control costs through careful forecasting, planning, budgeting, reporting, and monitoring.

 

Keywords:  Competence, Value Proposition, Supply chain, Facility management, Procurement

 

 

A REVIEW PAPER ON ALKALI SILICA REACTIONS IN CONCRETE

 

Salisu Abdullahi Dalhat,

Civil Engineering Technology Department,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

Abubakar magaji,

Civil Engineering Technology Department,

Federal Polytechnic Mubi,

Adamawa State, Nigeria

 

Ibrahim A. Sukamari

Civil Engineering Technology Department,

Federal Polytechnic Mubi,

Adamawa State, Nigeria

 

ABSTRACT

Alkali–Silica Reactions (ASR) occurs over a long period of time. Reactions take place in concrete when the hydration product known to be highly alkaline cement paste and reactive non-crystalline silica which is found in many common aggregates, in the presence of moisture reacts. This results in the deterioration of concrete structures and can prove to be effective over time. The problem with this process is that it may not be noticeable during early stages with naked eyes but in the event of occurrence, it leads to considerable to severe damage of concrete structures. In areas with significant moisture during construction, Alkali Silica reactions are likely to be a problem in the long run.

 

Keywords: Alkali-Silica Reaction, Crystalline, Hydration, Moisture

 

 

EXPLORING PHOTOGRAPHY AS A TOOL FOR DEPICTING MESSAGES ABOUT ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION IN JEMA’A LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA (LGA), KADUNA NIGERIA

 

Titus Timothy

Department of Fine and Applied Arts,

Kaduna State College Of Education Gidan Waya,

P.M.B 1024, Kafanchan Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

Veronica Benedict Ogunwole

Department of Fine and Applied Arts,

Kaduna State College Of Education Gidan Waya,

P.M.B 1024, Kafanchan Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

Anna Akut

Department of Physics,

Kaduna State College Of Education Gidan Waya,

P.M.B 1024, Kafanchan, Kaduna State, Nigeria

 

ABSTRACT

In Jema’a Local Government Area (LGA), the environment deteriorates daily due to natural and human factors with human activities being the key roots of environmental degradation which include open grazing, pollution, deforestation, and unlawful pasting of posters in public places. Photography is a vital tool for visual communication, and photographers have long used it to reveal issues that affect people and their environments. Therefore, this paper intends to identify the major causes of environmental degradation in Jema’a LGA. The paper aims at raising environmental consciousness through photographic images of degraded scenes of some environments in Jema’a LGA. This practice-based photography showed how impactful photographs are in conveying environmental messages in other to raise people’s consciousness about the environment and shape their attitudes towards environmental conservation. Recommendations were made to help the government, NGOs and the general public to take necessary actions toward improving and protecting the environment. This paper will also provide motivation for further research in the field of photography.

 

Keywords: Photography, environment, Environmental degradation, Visual Communication

 

CASE STUDY ON RENEWABLE ENERGY STORAGE TECHNOLOGY

 

Boya S. N.1,

Department of Electrical Electronics,

Department Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

Yunusa M2. A.,

Department of Electrical Electronics,

Department Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

  1. S. Onate3,

Department of Electrical Electronics,

Department Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

Abdulkadir A4.

Department of Electrical Electronics,

Department Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

ABSTRACT

Energy storage will be a critical aspect in the future of renewable energy (RE) systems, according to a widely acknowledged concern. The most recent research on the utilization of energy storage for high RE penetration has gotten a lot of press. We shall look at several energy storage methods, types, categorizations, and comparisons in this paper. Electrochemical and battery energy, thermal, thermochemical, flywheel, compressed air, pumped energy storage, magnetic, and chemical and hydrogen energy are some of the options. There is also research on new types of energy storage and key technological advancements in energy storage.

 

 

RELIGION: A UNIFYING INSTRUMENT IN A MULTI-ETHNIC GEOGRAPHICAL ENTITY LIKE NIGERIA. AN APPRAISAL.

 

Ven Egesi Jonathan. C (PhD)

Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma – Oru East,

Imo State, Nigeria.

 

Ven Duruji Simeon Ugochukwu (PhD)

Department Of Religion and Cultural Studies,

(A.I.F.C.E) Owerri-Nigeria.

 

Mrs Nwaru Christiana (PhD)

Imo State Polytechnic, Orlu- East,

Imo State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract

Religion as a concept has attracted various definitions and explanations over the years. In the words of various sociological scholars it is considered any relationship between man and the super- humans. To certain scholars of various works of life religion and religious groups may attract diverse meanings. Nigeria no doubt has been seen or known to be a country with different religious inclinations. It will not be out of place to say at this point that certain people see religious groups in Nigeria as just a few. That actually is not true. Nigeria has many religious groups in it. Be that as it may. The question is that from sociological angle or perspective, religion is considered one of the sub-structures making up the society. That in essence underlines its imperativeness. But every right thinking person will ask is to wht extent has religion in Nigeria played the expected roles that it is expected to play?  If no, what factors has actually hindered it from carrying out the expected functions. This research is occasioned by the fact that religion has fallen short in it discharging the roles it ought to discharge without anyone having sufficient answers to factors have been responsible. Various data collection techniques served as instruments of data collection  in the course of the study. They included oral interviews, use of questionnaire, textbooks, the internet and journals to mention just a few. The interactionist  school of thought was adopted for this study to serve as theoretical framework. The work concluded with the scholars making their unreserved recommendations on how religion can still take its pride of place in Nigeria.

 

Keywords:  Religion, Unifying Instrument, Nigeria, Ethic Group.

 

 

COMMON ERRORS IN THE USE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE: A THREAT TO ENGLISH LANGUAGE USAGE IN NIGERIA

 

Noel Donatus Shiolbial

Department of Basic Studies

Platea State College of Agriculture Garkawa,

Platea State, Nigeria.

 

ABSTRACT

English is a second language in Nigeria because it is non-indigenous, it was introduced by British Colonialists and Missionaries into the country. The roles and functions English language has assumed since its introduction into the country are outlined. Since Nigeria functions in virtually all spheres of life in English language, a variety known, internationally acceptable and intelligible exists as the standard Nigerian English. What is really of concern is the increasing deviations noticeable in the speech and writings of Nigerians from the grammar of English. The error laden English spoken by many people in the country may well be replacing the standard Nigerian English if the situation is not checked. The root causes of the problem are pointed out recommendations are made towards curbing the negative trend.

 

Keywords: English language, standard Nigerian English, grammar, errors, varieties of English, second language, mother tongue.

 

 

A REVIEW OF THE IMPACT OF USED TYRES ON THE ENVIRONMENT AND PROPERTY VALUE

 

Ibrahim Garba,

Estate Management Department,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Jafar Sani Aliyu

Urban and Regional Planning Department,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Salisu Magaji

Estate Management Department,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract

End of Use tyre also know as end of life tyres, are form of tyres that have already used its life time and are no longer in use for the purpose they were made for. The used tyres have become threat to the environment because it does not under go degradation easily. As the population of the world is increasing with over 7.74billion people on earth The need for the use of automobile increases . In the year 2020 more than 2 billion tyres are being produced annually and research show that by 2026 more than 2.7 billion tyres will be produced annually. In Nigeria, More than 10 million tyres are used annually and  this end of use tyres are becoming problem to the environment if not property stored, handled and disposed.  The common means for disposing the end use tyres are mostly landfill and burning. Which eventually courses environmental degradation like flooding, soil erosion and air pollution there by affecting the inhabitants of that area and in extension affects the Property Value , capital infrastructure and  advanced effect to health and environment.

 

Key word: environment, used tyres, property value and waste management.

 

 

LOCALIZATION OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN NIGERIA

 

Ehichanya Angela Ngozi

Department of Fine and Applied Arts,

Federal Polytechnic, Oko.

 

Abstract

Petroleum resource dependent Nigerian economy along with poor governance, challenges the Nigerian textile industry. Moreover, there is a sheer lack of political will to formulate policies directed at industrial growth by the Nigerian political class. The growth of textile industry is essential if Nigeria is to foster structural change and translate its potentials. This article examines how poor policy implementation stunted the development of the Nigerian textile industry from 1985 to 2015. The textile industry’s decline reflects internal challenges and the failure to provide supportive policy measures and critical infrastructure for the growth of the sector. This is also related to Nigeria’s overreliance on petroleum at the expense of other economic sectors. This article focuses on the neglect faced by the textile industry.  Our findings indicate that overreliance on petroleum resources emboldened imports of foreign made products especially from China. It calls for the application of an industrial policy to increase the competitiveness of the Nigerian textile industry globally. The article provides an understanding into the reasons for the collapse of the textile industry. It also contributes to the need for industrial policy consideration for resource dependent economies.

 

Keywords: Industrial policy, Dutch disease, Manufacturing, Petroleum, Textile, Infrastructure

 

ASSESSMENT OF THE APPLICATION OF ECO-FRIENDLY STRATEGIES IN RESORT BUILDINGS IN NORTH-CENTRAL NIGERIA

 

Tsado, S. B.

Department of Architecture

Federal University of Technology Minna,

Niger State, Nigeria

 

Akande, K. O.

Department of Architecture

Federal University of Technology Minna,

Niger State, Nigeria

 

ABSTRACT

It has been observed that the built environment contributes to the relationship between humanity and nature. To achieve this, researchers suggest that the desires of humans, the integrity of both natural and managed ecosystems, the design of nature, economic sustainability, the ecological economics, various indigenous biodiversity, and the environmental literacy available for sustainable development, resource conservation, and protection of the natural world; all have need to be considered. This paper aims to weigh the use of eco-friendly strategies in resort buildings in Nigeria as it affects the relationship between humans and nature. This would be carried out through the use of questionnaires which were administered to 250 building design team members, visitors and users of resort buildings in North-central Nigeria. Analysis helping software like the SPSS and MS-Excel were used in analysing the data through the Likert-scale and Mann-Whitney U-test while presentations made through charts and figures. This evaluation considered the progress made from previous researches in the identification of eco-friendly strategies as well as the synergy of both ecology and the built-environment. It is recommended that the relationship and the responsively of the stakeholders is considered in Biophilic design. This research would help in guiding building designers and landscape specialists in enhancing ecology in resort design in Nigeria.

 

Keywords: Biophilic Design, Built Environment, Ecology, Humans, Nature

 

 

INTEGRATION OF CULTURAL FEATURES IN THE DESIGN OF MULTIMEDIA STUDIOS IN NIGERIA.

 

Jiya John Ninma

Department of Architecture,

School of Environmental Technology,

Federal University of Technology Minna,

Niger State, Nigeria.

 

Charles Makun

Department of Architecture,

School of Environmental Technology,

Federal University of Technology Minna,

Niger State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract

The constant evolution of culture has created new hybrids between art, film, media, advertising, journalism, architecture, and many other spheres that have an impact on human culture. These hybrids sometimes call for a paradigm shift or at least challenge our cultural philosophies or ideologies. As a result of technological transformation through industrialization, most public buildings in Nigeria are beginning to lack its indigenous Architecture within their cultural context. In addition, Studies have shown that most public buildings in Nigeria are lacking indigenous people’s spatial needs and cultural values and they are profound among the minority ethnic groups. As such, a public building such as a media house ought to reflect the culture of its location. This study focuses on evaluating the application of Nupe cultural features in the design of a multimedia studio in Bida. Media houses were selected randomly in Bida, Niger state to know how modernization has influenced the rich culture of the Nupe people. The research method employed in this study is the qualitative research method and the process of observation has been employed for gathering data. An observation schedule was used as an instrument for data collection and these data were sampled using the non-random sampling method. These data were analyzed through content analysis and the findings showed that the cultural feature has not been properly adopted in multimedia designs. The study concludes that a public building such as a media house should reflect the culture of its location and this can be achieved by prioritizing cultural artistic inputs on building by professionals and by extension, promoting the culture and art of its people.

 

KEYWORDS: Nupe cultural features, Hybrids, Public building, Multimedia.

 

PSYCHOLOGICAL INFLUENCE OF CAREER INFORMATION ON CAREER ASPIRATION AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN POTISKUM METROPOLIS, YOBE STATE – NIGERIA

 

Dr. Ahmad Tahir Adamu Koki

Department of Education

Faculty of Art and Education

Yobe State University, Potiskum,

Yobe State, Nigeria.

 

ABSTRACT

Guidance and counselling programme has become an important integral part of the school system in Nigeria. Career information services which are components of the guidance and counselling programme are vital activities because one of the long-term goals of education is career placement. If education is to realize this goal, then learners should have appropriate career information and undertake career exploration to boost their aspirations before making career choices. The purpose of this study was to find out the influence of career information on career aspiration among senior secondary school students in Potiskum metropolis, Yobe state, and the study looked into the students’ aspiration, school counsellors, and principals on the influence of career guidance and counselling. The study was a descriptive survey. The study was conducted at Potiskum metropolis, Yobe state. The target population was all the students from senior secondary school 3 in the 5 public senior secondary schools in the study areas. Simple random sampling was used to select 208 students from 5 schools, for the study. In addition, 4 school counsellors and 4 principals to be included in the sample. The data was collected using a questionnaire for students and interview schedules for the principals and school counsellors and was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer programme. Descriptive statistics (frequency tables, percentages and cross tabulations), were used in data analysis. The findings of the study showed that students, school counsellors, and class teachers perceived that career guidance and counselling played a significant role in the career aspirations of senior secondary school students. Majority of the students in Yobe’s secondary schools were found to have low levels of career awareness. There were no gender differences in students’ career awareness, but female students had higher levels of career planning than male students. The results were expected to be significant in enriching the school managements, ministry of education, school educators, school principals, career masters and teacher counsellors, parents and students through provision of appropriate career guidance and counselling services to secondary school students and beyond.

Keywords:  Career Aspiration, Career Decision, Career., Counseling, Career counseling, Career decision, Career development, Career guidance, Job opportunities, Vocational Guidance,

 

 

EFFECTS OF THERMAL VARIANCE ON THE BOND STRENGTH OF SLAG CEMENT CONCRETE

 

Sesugh Terlumun1,

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,

Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna,

Kaduna State, Nigeria

 

Victoria Hassan Jiya1

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,

Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna,

Kaduna State, Nigeria

 

Okah Michael Chukwu1

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,

Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna,

Kaduna State, Nigeria

 

Ibrahim Badamasi Bilal1

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,

Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna,

Kaduna State, Nigeria

 

Ashiru Muhammed Ashiru2

Department of Civil Engineering Technology,

Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa,

Nasarawa State, Nigeria

 

Abstract

This work examine the effects of thermal variance on the bond strength of slag cement concrete. In this research, slag cement was prepared by blending 50% Portland cement with Ground Granular Blast Furnace Slag and used as the binder. Concrete cubes of 100mmx100mm were prepared using slag cement, the samples were cured for 28 days to achieve strenght. Therafter, some samples were selected and tested to determine the bond strength using pull out test while some were subjected to varying thermal conditions of 150, 200, 250 and 300C at time intervals of 30, 45 and 60 minutes after which pull out test was conducted on the heated samples to determine effects of varying temperature conditions. At the end of the research, it was observed that concrete has good thermal performance compare to ordinary Portland cement

 

 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND TAX ETHICAL BEHAVIOUR OF LISTED NIGERIAN COMPANIES

 

Dashe, Awoena Felix

Business Education Department

Federal College of Education Pankshin,

Plateau State, Nigeria.

 

Abdulmuttalib Mohammed Bello

Business Education Department

Federal College of Education Pankshin

Plateau State, Nigeria.

 

Dawam Ambrose Moses

Business Education Department

Federal College of Education Pankshin

Plateau State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract

Over the years tax compliance in Nigeria has been a challenging economic reality due to harsh and volatile business environment. This paper is designed to examine the effect of corporate governance and ethical tax behaviour of list listed companies in Nigeria from 2015 to 2020. The descriptive research design was employed and 57 listed firms on the Nigeria stock exchange were sampled based on firms whose financial reports and tax returns files were available and accessed for this study. Corporate mechanism data was sourced from published financial reports of the sampled firms while tax compliance data were extracted from the tax returns file submitted to FIRS by the sampled firms for the research period. The study measures tax ethical behaviour in terms of timely filing of tax returns form, completeness of tax returns, and accuracy in income declaration on a scale of 0-3.  In each year codes 1, 2 0r 3 were used to score ethical tax behaviour depending on the extent of compliance. Otherwise, 0 is scored for noncompliance. The regression analysis was done and the fixed and random effect variant of the regression model for panel data was applied to the data using E-View statistical software. The findings supports the hypothesis that large proportion of independent directors in the management structure decreases tax sharp practices and increases tax ethical behaviour. The result implies that independent board members play a front role in deciding whether a firm engages in tax unethical behaviour or not. The study recommends that corporate entities should maintain moderate board size, use internationally recognised audit firm, encourage managerial ownership and engage investors as independent directors.

 

Keywords: Corporate governance, Taxation, Ethical behaviours, Revenue

 

 

EFFECT OF INSECURITY ON ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN NORTH-WEST NIGERIA

 

Olatunji, Tunde E. (PhD),

Directorate of Academic Planning,

Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria,

Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

Dauda Adamu Abubakar,

Directorate of Academic Planning,

Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria,

Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

Alkali Priscilla N.,

Directorate of Academic Planning,

Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria,

Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

Shehu Umar

Directorate of Academic Planning,

Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria,

Kaduna State, Nigeria.

 

Dogara Nasiru Danladi (PhD)

Nasarawa State Board of Internal Revenue, Lafia,

Nasarawa State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract

The alarming level of insecurity in Nigeria has fueled the crime rate and terrorists’ attacks in different parts of the country, leaving unpalatable consequences for the nation’s economy and its growth. Over the last four decades, Nigeria’s North West has witnessed waves of violence including sectarian clashes, religious extremist/militancy and electoral violence. This paper therefore examines the effect of insecurity on economic activities in North-West, Nigeria. The study revealed that the productive aspect of most manufacturing business depends largely on the availability and regular supply of raw materials for production, of which insecurity has cut off the supply of such raw materials hence, jeopardizing production activities. Other matters of concern include, insecurity affects marketing of finished product as there is a continuous exodus from areas of insecurity.  There is also an increase in security spending as most business organizations operating in Nigeria spend a lot in maintaining private security outfits. The destruction of their business building, properties and equipment is tantamount to loss of capital which has ruined not a few businesses in North-West, Nigeria. The study suggests that Nigeria’s Federal authorities and State Governments in the North West should work more closely, not only to heal longstanding rifts within communities and curb violence, but also to address the structural causes of insecurity in the region.

 

Keywords: Insecurity, Economic Activities, North West Nigeria, Effect.

 

 

COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF PADDY RICE GRAIN ENGINEERING QUALITY PARAMETERS FOR THREE VARITIES OF UPLAND PADDY RICE GROWN IN MUBI, ADAMAWA STATE NIGERIA

 

 

Hussaini, M. S.,

Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Technology,

Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B. 35 Mubi,

Adamawa State, Nigeria.

 

Abubakar, Y.,

Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Technology,

Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B. 35 Mubi,

Adamawa State, Nigeria.

 

Abdulhamid, Y.

Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources,

Potiskum, Yobe State.

 

Gabi, M. N.

Department of Plant Resources,

Agricultural Research Council of Nigeria, Mabushi,

Abuja

 

 

Abstract

The three varieties of upland paddy rice cultivated and harvested, the engineering quality parameters that aimed at evaluating highest quality paddy rice were determined. The parameters evaluated were 1000g weight, paddy shape, percentage broken grains, percentage immature grains and percentage dockage paddy for Narica A-f2, Faro 59 and Champa Chines paddy. The results obtained for the three varieties were 30g weight for Narica A-f2, 20g for Faro 59 and 30g weight for Champa paddy respectively. Other parameters were percentage broken grains of (0.35%, 0.28% and 0.26%), percentage immature grains (0.28%,, 0.16% and 0.14%), and percentage dockage paddy of (2.5%, 3.2% and 3.0%) for Narica A-f2, Faro 59 and Champa Chines Paddy respectively. The data obtained were subjected to Microsoft word excel 2010 vision for data analysis. Statistical table’s charts was used for presentations, from which observations, conclusion and recommendation were made for further studies.

 

Keywords; Comparative studies, Paddy rice grain, Quality, Variety

 

 

ACQUIRING WRITING SKILLS IN NIGERIAN SECONDARY SCHOOLS: TEACHERS’ AND STUDENTS’ CHALLENGES.

 

Noel Donatus Shiolbial

Department Of Basic Studies,

Plateau State College Of Agriculture, Garkawa,

Plateau State, Nigeria.

 

ABSTRACT

English is an international language and in demand today. English is by far the most widely used language around the world. However, English language writing has always been a challenge for second language students’ to master. Developing students’ ability in writing is one of the major challenges faced by the ESL teachers in most schools nowadays. Nevertheless, writing has always been a major difficulty faced by students’ in English language learning, especially in secondary schools. Not only that, teachers’ are also facing some challenges in teaching writing skills for students’ in secondary schools. Thus, this study aims to explore the challenges faced by both the students’ and teachers’ in learning as well as teaching writing skills in secondary schools.

 

Keywords: Writing Skills, Teaching and Learning Writing, Challenges, Secondary School, English as a Second Language.

 

 

STAFF-CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON ORGANIZATIONAL IMAGE AND PERFORMANCE

 

Koce, Henry Diko

Department of Marketing,

Federal Polytechnic, Bida,

Niger State, Nigeria

 

Bello, Babatunde Sikiru

Department of Marketing,

Federal Polytechnic, Bida,

Niger State, Nigeria

 

Abstract

Building dependable and reliable relationship between staff and customers is of paramount interest to any business. Organizations have now come to the realization of the inevitability of good customer service relations, so customers constitute an indispensable asset. However, this paper will know how to custom management impacts on organizational image and performance and also analyze the impact of organizational culture organization and performance. In order to realize this objective given the research model, two hypotheses were formulated. Descriptive survey method that involves data collection from respondents with questionnaire was used for the study’s presentation. 345 questionnaires were duly filled and returned out of the 400 administered thereby bringing our sample size for the study to 345 respondents who are customers of at least, one of the two banks under the study. Questionnaires returned were analysed with statistical package for social science (SPSS). A major finding indicated that customer management has a significant impact on organization image and performance. Result of analysis indicated that customer management has a statistically significant impact on organization and performance while organizational culture has not yet any significant effect. The study recommends the need for organizations to improve on the culture in order to achieve greater performance and improved organizational image as it is believed that this will help in attaching more customers to strengthen the competitive positions of the organizations.

 

Keywords: Staff; Customer; Relationship; Impact; Organizational Image; Performance.

 

 

YIELD AND MONETARY ADVANTAGE OF LETTUCE (Lactuca sativa L.) AS AFFECTED BY COW DUNG RATES AND IRRIGATION INTERVALS IN MAIDUGURI, SUDAN SAVANNA, NIGERIA

 

Umar, M. I.,

Department of Agricultural Technology,

Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture Maiduguri,

Borno State, Nigeria

 

Mamza, J. N.,

Department of Agricultural Technology,

Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture Maiduguri,

Borno State, Nigeria

 

Sulum, A. A.,

Department of Agricultural Technology,

Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture Maiduguri,

Borno State, Nigeria

 

Lawan, A.

Department of Agricultural Technology,

Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture Maiduguri,

Borno State, Nigeria

 

Abbas H. W.

Department of Agricultural Technology,

Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture Maiduguri,

Borno State, Nigeria

 

ABSTRACT

Field experiments were conducted during 2014/15 and 2015/16 cool harmattan dry seasons at Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop Production, University of Maiduguri (Latitude 11.808 and Longitude 13.199), 323m above sea level in Sudan Savana, Maiduguri,  Borno State. This was aimed to study the yield and monetary advantage of lettuce as affected by cow dung rates and irrigation intervals in Maiduguri. The treatments consisted of a factorial combinations of five irrigation intervals (2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 days) and six rates of cow dung (0, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30t/ha) laid out in a split plot design and replicated three times. Irrigation intervals were assigned to the main plots while cow dung rates were assigned to the sub plots during the two trials. The yield and yield components parameters measured were: root fresh weight (g/plant), dry root weight (g/plant), shoot fresh weight (g/plant), shoot dry weight (g/plant) and shoot yield (kg/ha). The monetary advantage of growing lettuce under different irrigation intervals and cow dung rates were also determined. The results showed that 5 days irrigation interval was optimum for shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, fresh root weight, root dry weight, shoot yield and monetary advantage for both seasons and the combined mean at all stages of sampling. The application of 30t/ha of cow dung gave significantly higher values for all the yield, yield components and monetary advantage of the lettuce in both the years and combined mean. Based on the results of the present study, the growing of lettuce using the combinations of 6 days irrigation intervals with 30t/ha of cow dung during the cool harmattan periods in Maiduguri is more economical and therefore, encouraged.

 

Keywords: Cool, Harmattan, Lettuce, Irrigation interval, Cow dungs rate

 

 

EXPLORING THREE PLANT POWDERS AS A STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF MAIZE WEEVIL (Sitophilus zeamais) IN STORED MAIZE GRAINS.

 

Oladejo A.O.;

Department of Pest Management Technology,

Federal College of Forestry, Jos

Plateau State, Nigeria

 

Musa Ishaya;

Department of Pest Management Technology,

Federal College of Forestry, Jos

Plateau State, Nigeria

 

Sikiru G.K.;

Department of Pest Management Technology,

Federal College of Forestry, Jos

Plateau State, Nigeria

 

Ayorinde J.;

Department of Pest Management Technology,

Federal College of Forestry, Jos

Plateau State, Nigeria

 

Kyaharle B. S.

Department of Pest Management Technology,

Federal College of Forestry, Jos

Plateau State, Nigeria

 

Olorundare O.

Department of Pest Management Technology,

Federal College of Forestry, Jos

Plateau State, Nigeria

 

ABSTRACT.

Maize has become the primary staple food among household of different wealth worldwide especially in Africa, yet most of the yields are lost to insect infestations during storage, especially Sitophilus zeamais. The insecticidal effect of Neem seeds, Garlic bulb and Chilli pepper powders were tested on adult weevil establishment, mortality, oviposition and subsequent emergence after treatment and to determine the synergetic effects of the three botanicals on the weevils.The study was carried out in Federal College of Forestry, Jos Laboratory using a 3×3 factorial experiment laid in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and was replicated three times. The result showed that weevils were able to establish in all the treatments. Adult mortality increases as the duration increases with dosage 10, 15, 20 grams and the combination had similar mortality. However, analysis of variance showed no significant difference among 10, 15, 20 grams and combination but significantly different from the control at 48 days after treatments. The few weevils that survive were able to oviposite and this decreases as the dosage increases in all plant powders, with the control recording the highest oviposition values and least value recorded in the combination treatment. Notwithstanding, analysis showed no significant difference. Weevil emergence decreases as the dosage increases in all the plant powders with the control recording the highest values (28.33%), while combination recorded the least values (6.67%) and these was significantly different analytically. The resultant effect was significant difference on the weight loss with the control having the high weight loss. Based on this study, it could be concluded that the combinations of powders and Neem seed powder could be used as an effective  control of Sitophilus zeamais at dosage 20g/100g of maize grain respectively.

 

Keywords: Plant powder, Maize weevil, Establishment, Mortality and Oviposition,

 

 

RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIAN BANKS

 

Babalola, O.A,

Department of Banking and Finance,

Osun State Polytechnic, Iree,

Osun State, Nigeria

 

Olaoye B.O,

Department of Business Administration and Management,

Osun State Polytechnic, Iree,

Osun State, Nigeria

 

Oladeji, A.A,

Department of Business Administration and Management Studies,

The Polytechnic, Ibadan,

Oyo State, Nigeria

 

Togun, O.R,

Department of Accountancy,

Osun State Polytechnic, Iree,

Osun State, Nigeria

 

Abstract

This study examines the effect of the risk management strategy on organizational performance with specific reference to the Nigerian selected banks. A sample of 150 staff members was conveniently selected from all the branches of the three selected banks in the Ibadan metropolis. The sample comprises 50 each from the banks. Consequently, 150 copies of the questionnaire were administered by the researchers to participants who volunteered to participate in the study. Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Path Analysis were employed to analyze the data. The results establish that risk management practices have a significant association with banks’ performance. Furthermore, results indicate that reveal that risk understanding, risk monitoring, and control, risk assessment and analysis, managing market risk, managing liquidity risk, and managing operational risk has a significant effect on a bank’s performance, while risk identification and managing credit risk is not significantly influenced organizational performance. The findings of this research study, therefore, seem to support the claim that risk management contributes significantly to the performance of some Nigerian banks. Therefore, banks should develop active risk management processes to identify, measure, monitor, and control various risks, including credit, market, liquidity, and operational risks, and hold capital against these risks. it is also very important to consider the CBN Risk Management Guidelines, the formation of a comprehensive risk management system in Nigerian banks is not only a useful exercise to meet regulatory requirements, but also an effective practice to improve the performance of banking institutions.

 

Keywords: Risk Identification, Risk monitoring, Credit risk, Operational risk, Performance

 

 

ANALYSIS OF DIMENSIONAL AND DERIVED PROPERTIES OF SISAL LEAVES FIBER (agave sisalana) FOR COMPOSITES APPLICATION IN AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING

 

Hussaini, M. S.,

Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Technology

Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B. 35 Mubi,

Adamawa State, Nigeria.

 

Gabi, M. N.

Department of Plant Resources,

Agricultural Research Council of Nigeria, Mabushi,

Abuja

 

Abdulhamid, Y.

Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Potiskum,

Yobe State, Nigeria.

 

ABSTRACT

The fiber extracted from sisal (agave sisalana) leaves was studied for its dimensional and derived properties which aimed at evaluating the characteristic of fiber quality in relation to its application in automobile engineering. The dimensional properties evaluated were fiber diameter, which was found to range between (1.933um to 2.50um). Lumen width ranged between (1.00um to 1.50um), from wall thickness of (0.50um). Derived properties computed includes runkle ratio, which was found to be within (0.867 to 1.784), slenderness ratio (106.3 to 128.3), and coefficient of flexibility of (56.01 to 74.55). Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis and graphs were plotted using Matlab R2007b. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used to determine the significant different means, and the (ANOVA) tables were constructed from which observations and conclusions were made. The result shows that the fiber possess the high quality characteristic of tensile strength, density as well as moisture absorbency when compared with other leaves fiber of its category. Therefore, it is recommended for different applications in automobile industry such as car interior, bumpers, brake parts and others lining materials.

 

Keywards; Analysis, Dimensional and derived properties, Sisal leaves fiber, Composites application, Automobile engineering.

 

 

NUTRIENT LOSSES IN NIGERIAN DRIED VEGETABLES (FLUTED PUMPKIN AND BITTER LEAF)

 

Ebu Bridget

Department of Science Laboratory Technology,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi state, Nigeria

 

Ogbeba Jeremiah

Department of Science Laboratory Technology,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi state, Nigeria

 

Yakubu Dauda Abubakar

Department of Science Laboratory Technology,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi state, Nigeria

 

ABSTRACT

Vegetables being seasonal products become very scarce and expensive when they are out of season. They also deteriorate rapidly after harvesting; as such they are preserved in dried form using different methods of drying. This research is aimed at knowing the difference in the nutritional content of the fresh and dried vegetables (fluted pumpkin and bitter leaf) and the best method used in drying vegetables. The leaves of fluted pumpkin and bitter leaf  were collect from a vegetable farm at Gwalameji Bauchi and was dried using sunlight and room temperature. The fresh and dried vegetables of fluted pumpkin and bitter leaf were analyzed for their nutritive content. The result of the analysis obtained showed the protein content of fresh, sun, and room dried fluted pumpkin to be 17.79%, 20.50%, and 22.4%, moisture 75%, 6.50% and 8.36%, Ash  0.94%, 11.4% and 10.24%, lipid 4.20%, 8.86% and 13.04%, crude fibre 5.90%, 14.20% and 11.50%, carbohydrate 5.70%, 38.24% and 34.46% respectively. While the protein content of fresh, sun, and room dried bitter leaf was found to be 18%, 21.69% and 23%, moisture 72%, 5% and 7.5%, Ash 1.23%, 12.48% and 12.4%, lipid  3.40%, 5.66% and 8.30%, crude fibre 3.24%, 8.80% and 6.50% carbohydrate 2.13%, 46.37% and 46.30% respectively. From the result obtained there is  losses in the nutritional content of sun dried fluted pumpkin and bitter leaf. Hence, it could be said that both fresh and dried fluted pumpkin and biter leaf are rich in nutritional content. But should be preserve using room drying method and should be stored for a short time, (a season) and be kept in bags in a well ventilated place.

 

Key; Nutrient, losses, vegetables, fluted pumpkin, bitter leaf

 

 

SUSTAINABILITY IN THE NIGERIAN HOTEL INDUSTRY TOWARDS COMBATING INCREASING OPERATING COSTS

 

Dupe Medinat Jimoh

Department of Hospitality Management,

Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna

Kaduna State

 

Fauziyyah Muhammad Muazu

Department of Tourism Management Technology,

Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna

Kaduna State

 

Abstract

Sustainability is the most frequently emphasized issue in the hospitality industry in the recent time. This is because of the excruciating effects of a combination of trends such as high cost of capital, emergence of new market niche, customers’ demand for quality service delivery, government policies and increasing operating costs. Of these, high operating costs seem to exert more persistent force on the hotelier’s drive to achieve profitability that guarantees success. This paper examines the biting effect of ever increasing operating costs in the hotel industry in Nigeria in the face of general fall in occupancies. Hotel operators and managers are expected to keep abreast with the nature of these costs and develop customized model that helps combat them.

 

Keywords: Hotel, operating costs, falling occupancies, sustainability

 

 

IMPACT OF GIRL-CHILD EARLY MARRIAGE ON THE LEVEL OF DIVORCE AMONG SOME NORTHERNERS IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA

 

Aforka Lilian Emeka

Department Social Sciences

School Of Languages

Federal Polytechnic Oko

 

ABSTRACT

The study examined the impact of girl-child early marriage on the level of divorce among some Northerners in Kano State, Nigeria. Two research hypotheses guided the study. The study was limited to underaged married women from four local government areas of Kano State namely Nasarawa, Dawakin Tofa, Sumaila and Takai. Descriptive survey research design was used in the study. Two hundred (200) underaged married women were sampled using simple random sampling technique. A 20 item Researcher constructed questionnaire titled Impact of Early Marriage on Level of Divorce Questionnaire (IEMLDQ) was used for data collection. The questionnaire has a reliability coefficient of 0.76. The data collected were analysed using t-test statistical tool at 0.05 level of significance. The results of the analysis showed that there is a significant impact of girl-child early marriage on the level of divorce and there is a significant impact of maturity on the level of divorce among some northerners. Counselling implications based on the findings were discussed among them is that counsellors should campaign against girl-child early marriage by creating awareness about negative impact of girl-child early marriage. Based on these findings, the study recommends among others that people from northern states should be counselled on the dangers of girl-child early marriage and their impact on level of divorce. Again, parents should be encouraged to send their girl- child to school because education is the key.

 

Keywords: Girl-child, marriage, early marriage, Divorce.

 

ATTITUDE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS TOWARD INCLUSIVE EDUCATION.

 

Kekereowo Isaac Oluwafemi

Department of Economics,

Federal College of Education, Yola

Adamawa State.

 

Abstract

Inclusive education is one of the most essential programme in all countries. It has given more opportunities to all students in the education system. The success of inclusive education depends on many factors, which teacher is the most significant. To become a competent and successful teacher in inclusive education, teachers need to have adequate knowledge, skills, and a positive attitude toward the students being taught. In the present study, an attempt has been made by the researcher to study the attitude of primary school teachers towards inclusive education in the Ifedore Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey method was used in the study. The sample consists of 150 primary school teachers in the three zones from the study area and a stratified random sampling method was used for data collection.  A questionnaire requesting information about the demographic variables of teachers and the measurement of their attitudes toward inclusive education was developed. The study employed the use of a five-point Linkert rating scale for the analysis of data. The major findings from the study showed that teachers have a strong belief that inclusive education is socially beneficial to all students, students can learn in inclusive classrooms if their teachers are willing to adapt the curriculum, and students regardless of their ability should be taught in regular classrooms.

 

New

 

FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD FOR WAVE EQUATIONS

 

Umar Saidu Bashir

Department of General Studies,

the Polytechnic Bali,

Taraba State

 

ABSTRACT

The author use finite difference method (FDM) to solve wave equations. This research examine the strength of the forward explicit method and backward implicit method in solving wave equations. A comparison was made between the forward explicit method and the backward implicit method for their stability. The FDM method was used to solve partial differential equations of wave equations. Numerical examples were presented and analysed to show the strengths of each method. The results shows that the forward explicit method is conditionally stable because the stability it requires a small step size of  time ‘t’ compared to space ‘x’ for stability. The backward implicit method is unconditionally stable because it depends on the local truncation error considerations.

 

Keywords: truncation error, implicit, stability, explicit, solutions.

 

 

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENS RESPONSIBLE FOR POST- HARVEST SPOILAGE OF ONIONS (ALLIUM CEPA L.) IN SOME SELECTED MARKETS IN MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE

 

Mohammed Zanna Malilima

Department: Biology

Umar Ibn Ibrahim El-Kanemi College of Education Science and Technology, Bama,

Borno State, Nigeria.

 

Stephen Peter

Department: Biology

Umar Ibn Ibrahim El-Kanemi College of Education Science and Technology, Bama,

Borno State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract

This study aims to identify and isolate pathogens, responsible for post-harvest spoilage of onions (Allium cepa L.), the stated objectives: To isolate and Identify pathogens responsible for the onion spoilages, to estimate diseased incidence on spoiled onion, to characterizes effect of leaf extract on the pathogens and to determine whether environmental factor has effect on onion post-harvest handling process by farmers. Five samples were collected from three different markets selected for this study, Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, Bama Emirate Council and Biu Emirate Council in Borno State. The result indicates Penicillium digitatum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Rhizopus stolonifera, Aspergills niger. which are mainly fungal pathogens, while Saccaromyces cerevisiae, eudomonas Spp, Escherichia coli which is bacterial isolate. Extract test result of four different disk against standard anti-biotic gentamycin sample. The neem extract shows total 56 mm inhibition area with averagely 28%. Bitter leaf extract also shows 54 total inhibition zone with total 27% while African mahogany shows 62mm inhibition zone with average of 31%. And Aloe vera shows 60mm total inhibition zone with average of 30%.

 

 

ASSESSMENT AND IMPLICATION OF PRICE OF ENGINEERING PROJECT IN NIGERIA FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

 

Zakari, Danladi

Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

Ahmed, Babayo

Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

Adamu Makama Pindiga

Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

Abubakar Abdulkadir

Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics,

Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria

 

ABSTRACT

The importance of providing adequate road networks linking rural areas with the city centre’s for the development of this nation, called for concerted efforts to provide quality data for its construction. The objective can only be achieved through proper survey observations to furnish engineers with the necessary survey data for geometric designs which serve as the framework for the construction of civil and building engineering project.  Route Survey is usually conducted to capture spatial data for geometric design of roads. It provide data for the heighting, alignment, as well as for the setting out curves, culverts, bridges  where necessary along communication routes such as road networks, railroads, canals, transmission lines, and pipelines. The proposed route starts from Yelwan Duguri to Birim village in Alkaleri Local Government Area of Bauchi State, covering a distance of habitants of both villages are mainly farmers and are in daring need of good roads, specifically this particular project if utilized, could facilitate the conveyance of their farm produces to the city centre. Sokkia SET 600 Total Station instruments was used to carry out the route survey along the proposed road to provide data on the existing Position and heights as well as the topographic features within the corridor for the plotting of the longitudinal profile of the road and subsequent Engineering design of the Geometry of the road. Levelling was carried out along the proposed route at 20m interval to provide vertical controls for the alignment of the centre-line of the route and for the design of the longitudinal profile. Hydraulic structure such as culvert and concrete line drain were designed in this research for road construction. Engineering bill of quantity was also produced for appropriate costing of engineering work. This research work is recommended for used by the Bauchi state Government as well as the Federal Government of Nigeria.

 

Keywords: Engineering bill, quantity, costing, road network, profile and cross section

 

 

DATA VISUALIZATION: CHALLENGES AND TOOLS

 

Lele Mohammed

Department of Computer Science,

Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi (FPTB)

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract:

Data is being processed daily as the result of activities of users on the internet. An activity of a single user for instance on a social media platform can generates volumes of data every day. When such users in their millions of even billions generate huge data, the resultant data is called big data. This data is so huge that and so processing and interpreting it becomes so challenging. Challenges like loss of information as the result of increase in response time can affect data visualization. Representing such huge data in a textual form will not convey all the information needed to be communicated. To convey such information fully and efficiently the data has to be represented in pictorial or graphic format for easier communication and interpretation. This paper explains the challenges of data visualisation and the various tools used to visualise big data.

 

Keywords: Big Data, Challenges, Visualisation, Tools and Pictorial.

 

 

OUTSOURCING CLEANING SERVICES AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO IN-HOUSE CLEANING IN AN ORGANIZATION: A CASE STUDY OF THE BANK OF AGRICULTURE (BOA), BAUCHI PLAZA

 

Igoche Frederick Omachoko*,

Department of Estate Management and Valuation,

Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Sani Gambo Sani*,

Department of Estate Management and Valuation,

Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Jerry Joseph Manman**,

Department of Urban and Regional Planning,

Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Mabadeje Joshua A.***

Architectural Department,

Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Umar Abdullahi Lame*

Department of Estate Management and Valuation,

Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,

Bauchi State, Nigeria.

 

Abstract

The meritorious effects of outsourcing cleaning services are being examined in the Bank of Agriculture Plaza in Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria. Purposive sampling was used to choose 36 Bank workers and questionnaires were used to collect primary data from these individuals. The analysis was done using descriptive statistics. The results demonstrated a significant variation in cleaning service quality between the two scenarios. This suggests that the cleaning service’s caliber improved once it was outsourced. Given the satisfaction gained from continuing the contracted cleaning solutions, the study advises the Bank to do so in order to improve operational effectiveness and resource allocation.

 

Keywords: Outsourcing, Cleaning Service, In-House, Bank of Agriculture, Bauchi.