THEME: MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH ON SUB-SAHARA GROWTH IN MILLENNIUM ERA
DATE: 30th December, 2022.
VENUE: BAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO, KANO STATE, NIGERIA.
ORGANIZERS: TIMBOU-AFRICA ACADEMIC PUBLICATION.
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CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS:
SECURITY AND PRIVACY MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES IN THE IOTS
Bello, Abdulazeez Omeiza
Ignatius Ajuru University of Education,
Rumuolumeni, P.M.B. 5047, Port Harcourt,
Nigiria.
Amannah, Constance Izuchukwu
Ignatius Ajuru University of Education,
Rumuolumeni, P.M.B. 5047, Port Harcourt,
Nigiria.
Abstract
The Internet of Things is an evolving technology for physical objects. Privacy concerns any individual’s right of control. On the other hand, security refers to the way personal data from somebody is safeguarded. Despite the importance of security and privacy management in the IoTs, there are still rising issues confronting the IoTs thus the need to device stronger techniques in addressing these issues. The aim of this paper is to review the security and privacy threats in the IoTs and the prevention techniques. The objectives is to compare the reviewed techniques and recommend a more viable techniques for managing privacy and security in the IoTs. SLR methodology is used to review the techniques based on their ideas, merits, demerits and prospect. Intelligence gathering techniques opined that intelligence should be adopted by companies to boost their security domestically but however there was difficulties in gathering information for big data using the existing mining algorithm. Social-media techniques is capable of using user’s twitters account profile to protect user’s data but it was only limited to information gathering. Soft-biometric techniques is a strong techniques for measuring objects performance and authentication but the error rate of the techniques is high. BITAG Guideline’s security and privacy techniques employed high level policies/guidelines in checkmating security and privacy issues but however detailed list of the guidelines are not specified and threats are left untouched. The authors thus recommended that fuzzy-based security and privacy techniques and new hybrid algorithm techniques should be hybridized for a viable security and privacy in the IoTs.
Keywords: Internet of Things (IoTs), Security, Privacy, Intelligence gathering.
INSITU TRANSESTERIFICATION OF ALLAMANDA SEED OIL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL USING ACID ACTIVATED EGG SHELL
- A. Onimisi,
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
- Aberuagba
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Bio-diesel is renewable, non-toxic, environmental-friendly and an economically feasible option to tackle the depleting fossil fuels and its negative environmental impact. Bio-diesel is a renewable energy source, unlike other petroleum products that will vanish in years to come. Since it is made from animal and vegetable fat, it can be produced on demand and also causes less pollution than petroleum diesel. In this research work, acid activated catalyst was produced from egg shells using the Transesterification process. Heterogenous catalysts are mostly preferred during biodiesel production because of their numerous advantages over homogenous catalyst which are recoverability, reusability, ease of separation, wide range of operating conditions. The Biodiesel is produced using Response Surface Methodology as optimizing tool taking factors such as reaction time, reaction temperature and catalyst concentration. The chemical composition of the catalyst was analysed using an X–ray fluorescence spectrometer with an inbuilt XRD. The surface morphology of the catalyst derived from egg shells was observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The functional groups present in the catalyst were analysed using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer. From the various factors used to optimize production process, waste egg shell could serves as a suitable heterogenous catalyst when allamanda oil is used as a feed stock and can serve as a good substitute for edible oil in the production of biodiesel
Keywords: Biodiesel, Allamanda seed, Egg shell catalyst, Transesterification.
EFFECT OF ARTISANAL SMALL-SCALE MINING ON AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES IN PAPI AND KOROKPAN COMMUNITIES IN BOSSO AND PAIKORO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
Ndagi, Hauwa
Department of Geography
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Prof. T. I. Yahaya
Department of Geography
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
Despite artisanal small-scale mining sector serving as means of livelihood to many people especially the poor and the vulnerable in rural communities and significantly contributing to GDP, there has been great concern about the sector’s potential destruction to arable farmlands. It is therefore important to evaluate the effects of artisanal small scale mining on agricultural practices in Papi and Korokpan communities in Bosso and Paikoro Local Government Areas, Niger State, Nigeria. The data used in this study were collected directly from field survey, personal interview and questionnaire. The methods of data analysis include digital image processing, image classification, image classification and accuracy assessment, indicators analysis and frequency-percentage. The result revealed that destruction of farmlands ranked the highest with 31.1% of the respondents, low agricultural produce ranked second with 23.2% of the respondents, destruction of farmers’ livelihood income ranked third with 19.4%, contamination of water bodies with chemicals ranked forth with 17.1% of the sampled population and lack of measures to reclaim the destroyed farmlands ranked the least with 92% of the sampled population. This revealed that majority of the sampled population affirmed that the major impact was destruction of farmlands in the study area which is their major source of food security. The effect of ASM on food security was measured based on three dimensions; i.e. economic, environmental and health impact of ASM on food security by the indigene engaged in it. Table 4 shows the economic impact of ASM on food security in the study areas. Regarding ASM and its economic impact, 211 (60.3%) of the respondents agreed to the fact that ASM affect the livelihood of indigenes positively while 139 (39.7%) of the respondents disagreed. In support of majority assertion, they postulated that ASM have affected their economic status positively due to increased income as a result of gold sales in short-run. The increased income has increased their purchasing power and access and utilization of food that is made available. In the long-run 103 (29.4%) respondents in study area agreed to the fact that ASM will continue to affect their livelihood positively, 247 (70.6%) disagreed and asserted that in the long-run ASM will affect their livelihood negatively. Based on the findings, the study concludes that the activities of ASM has negatively affected all dimensions of farming activities in Papi and Korokpan communities in Bosso and Paikoro Local Government Areas except economic access for non-miners. The study also concludes that the activities of ASM in the communities has negatively affected food production and has plunged majority of non-miners in the community into food insecurity and poverty. In order to reduce food insecurity in the affected two communities and the two Local Government Areas, Niger State Government in collaboration with the affected two Local Government Areas to acquire vast farming land from non affected communities, this land should be protected from miners and should be given to persons willing to farm at a very high discounted rate.
Keywords: Mining, Artisanal, Small-scale mining, and Agricultural Produce
IMPACT OF BRAXIT DEAL ON THE SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN REGION DEVELOPMENT.
Fatima Binta Haruna
Department of economic and Development studies,
Federal University Dutse,
Jigawa State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This paper reviewed the available empirical evidences and analyzed the impact of brexit on the sub-saharan Africa by focusing particularly on the prospects for the East African Community (EAC). The paper first looked at the direct impacts through investment, trade and remittances which are relatively small, African countries may benefit from the creation of new export opportunities. mainly in resource-intensive sectors that are not considered a priority for the development agendas of most African countries. Secondly, it analyzed the indirect impact, of Brexit’ on the global economy, its influence on the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) with the European Union, or a potential reduction in UK development cooperation which, are likely to be equally important over the longer run. Finally, one overlooked impact of Brexit for Africa is that it undermined confidence in ‘deep’ regional integration processes like the EAC. The paper concludes that the correct response at such a time is not to express optimism but to redouble efforts towards regional integration through the implementation of the recently-signed African Continental Free Trade Area.
AN EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF VOID ON RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT RETURNS IN ABUJA, NIGERIA.
Emmanuel Oloruntayo
Department of Estate Management & Valuation
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Rukayat Ogunbajo
Department of Estate Management & Valuation
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
Real estate investment is ventured into with expectation of having profitable returns on the huge capital outlay through income of rent or outright sale. However, rent expectation is usually jeopadised by void which occurs in the economic lifetime of the property. This study evaluates the effect of void on residential real estate investment returns. Population of the study are the practicing Estate Surveying and Valuation Firms and Real Estate Agents that operates within the study area. Data were collected using questionnaire and observation method, opinion on factors responsible for void and the effect were gathered. Data on void within the period of 10 years (2011 – 2021) on each property sampled were collected and analysed. High rent was discovered to be the most significance factor responsible for void in the study area while landlord loss of rent is the principal negative effect of void followed by loss of revenue by the government and reduction of property value. The rate at which void affect the investment returns of the residential real estates in the study area are as follows: 1bedroom flat 8%, 2bedroom flat 24%, 3bedroom flat 30%, 4bedroom flat 34%, bungalow 33%, duplex 39% and others (mansion/town house) 55%. The study recommended certain measures to be taken in order to address the menace of void, such measures include downward review of rent, imposition of tax by the government on void properties and professional advice in residential real estate investment decisions particularly determination of rent and sales price.
Keywords: Real estate, void, investment returns, rent, sale price.
ANALYZING THE VARIATION IN RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY RENTAL VALUES IN MINNA AND ENVIRONS, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA.
Maimuna, B. K
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Kemiki, O.A
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study analysed variations in residential property rental values in Minna and environs, Nigeria. The target population and sample for the study comprised of rented residential properties and tenants who are the household heads occupying the residential properties in Minna as well as registered Estate Surveyors and Valuers firms in Minna. Purposive Sampling technique was used in the sampling procedure to pick the tenants and twelve registered Estate Surveyors and valuers firms. A total of 250 questionnaires were administered on the occupants of tenanted residential properties using the neighbourhood approach. Geometric mean was used to obtain the rental growth rate for the period of study for two bedroom and three bedroom flats. Standard Deviation and Coefficient of Variation, Relative importance index (RII), Simple Descriptive Statistics were adopted in achieving the set objectives. The results indicates that rental trend for three bedroom flat within the study period changed from 1.59% in 2011 to 8.36% in 2017 and in 2020 dropped to 4.61%. For two bedroom flat within the study period changed from 1.51% in 2012 to 7.92% in 2017 and dropped to 5.59% in 2020. This indicates that the variation was more in 2017 across the neighbourhoods as the average rental value of two bedroom flats within the study period was 24.4% for Bosso town and 13.03% for Chanchaga. For three bedroom, Shango has the highest with 18.9% while Fadikpe has the lowest with 9.9% level of variation. A number of factors such as physical, location and neighbourhood characteristics of residential property determined the rental values of residential property in the study area as they played significant role in influencing tenants’ choice of accommodation in the various neighbourhoods across the study area The result also identified dominant factors such as condition of the building, size of the building, number of bedrooms, number of toilets and bathrooms, quality of the neighbourhood, direct access to tarred road and presence of tertiary institution, banks and public offices influencing tenants’ choice of accommodation in each neighbourhood. In conclusion, the research indicates that there is variation in residential property rental values in Minna, Nigeria. Conclusively, variations are attributed primarily to factors that determine residential property rental values and therefore it is recommended that landlords seeking optimum return from their residential property investment should focus on improving the physical and structural characteristics of the property like the condition and size of the building, number or toilets and bathrooms and also number of bedrooms.
EVALUATION OF COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN HOUSING FINANCE IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN KWARA STATE
Ibrahim, Abdullahi Taiye
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Abass, Iyanda Sule
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The contribution of cooperative societies as an informal institution has been lauded by various author as a vehicle to housing finance. This study therefore seek to evaluate cooperative societies in tertiary institution in Kwara State. For the purpose of this work five (5) institutional based cooperative societies was selected and the instrument of data collection was a well-developed questionnaire (359) administered to members and officials of cooperative societies but only 270 was properly filled and this formed the basis of generalization. The results indicates the level of participation activities in finance/loan, At-Taqwa cooperative societies ranks first, Kwara State College of Education Cooperative Societies ranked 2nd and Al-Hikmah Cooperatie societies ranked 3rd and BUSCOM ranked 5th with a mean of 4.067. On acquisition of land At-Taqwa Cooperative ranks 1st with a mean of 4.500, KWCOE Cooperative societies ranked 2nd with a mean of 4.472 and Al-Hikmah ranks last with a mean of 3.317. For the construction activities BUSCOM ranked 1st with a mean of 1.907 followed by At-taqwa cooperative which rank 2nd and Al-Hikmah ranked 5th with a mean of 1.366. Also, CS is statistically significance with NHF with sig level of 0.000 which is less than 0.005. (0.000˂0.005). The study suggest that since it is established that CS play a significant role in housing finance, National Housing Policy of Nigeria should be reviewed by incorporating cooperative societies into the policy for a combined effect in housing finance.
Keywords: Informal institution, cooperative societies, finance, National Housing Fund, Tertiary institution
EDUCATION AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IN NORTHERN NIGERIA: CASE SUTY KAFUR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KATSINA STATE
Dr. Adamu Mohammed
Department of Political Science,
Faculty of Management and Social Sciences,
Federal University Gusau,
Zamfara State
Akilu Mikailu
Department of Political Science,
Faculty of Social and Management Sciences,
Umaru Musa Yar’adua University,Katsina,
Katsina State
Abbas Iliyasu Wali
Department of Political Science,
Faculty of Social and Management Sciences,
Umaru Musa Yar’adua University,Katsina,
Katsina State
ABSTRACT
This paper investigates the impact of level of education on political participation in Northern Nigeria, taking Kafur L.G.A of Katsina State as a case study. Many literatures relating to the concept of education and political participation have been reviewed with the intent to bridging the gaps these literatures could not bridge. Based on the data systematically collected from the field, the paper concludes that there exists a relationship between level of education and political participation. Similarly, the research discovers that other factors, apart from education e.g. the existing socio-economic condition of the people influences their willingness to participate in politics. The paper finally offers some recommendations on how to address problems related to education and political participation.
Keywords: Education, Political Participation, Northern Nigeria, Kafur, Katsina.
AN ASSESSMENT OF CORPORATE PROPERTY ASSETS MANAGEMENT (A
CASE STUDY OF NATIONAL CEREALS RESEARCH INSTITUTE NCRI
BADEGGI)
Musa Hadiza Talatu
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State Nigeria
Dr. U. J. Adama
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State Nigeria
ABSTRACT
One major challenge confronting developing countries like Nigeria is that of inadequate provision and maintenance of corporate public assets and their worsening state is usually linked to inadequate and inefficient management culture. The aim of the study is to assess how corporate property assets are managed in the Nigerian Cereals and Research Institute NCRI, Badeggi, Niger state and this was achieved by identifying the categories of assets in the organization, the condition of these assets, examining the factors influencing their present condition and the identification of the management strategy that is adopted in the management of the assets in the study area. Data was collected with the use of questionnaires, personal observation and oral interview. Based on the Snowball’s non-probabilistic sampling techniques, a sample size of 24 respondents was chosen. Finding showed that, though the office complexes and staff quarters are in good condition, many facilities and infrastructures in the Institute are performing below specification and many of them have lost their economic value. Factor considered by the respondents for the poor state of assets in the study area include lack of maintenance policy with Relative Importance Index (RII) of 0.9904761905, misuse of assets by the users with RII of 0.9333333333 and Lack of timely response to maintenance work with RII of 0.8285714286. The less important factors include lack of experienced and well trained building maintenance personnel, inadequate provision of fund for maintenance and corruption with RII values of 0.7809523810, 0.7904761905 and 0.7619047619 respectively. The absence of efficient culture of maintenance is partly due to the absence of a clear-cut corporate assets maintenance policy. It was recommended that the institute should introduce effective monitoring and evaluation scheme, make adequate allocation of fund for assets management, develop a technical know-how on how to maintain and manage the procured properties, instill the spirit of patriotism and ownership among users of these assets, develop a legal framework on assets management, develop the political will to punish staff who are careless with properties in their custody and reward committed members of staff with regards to management of assets in their custody.
Keywords: Assets, Property, Facility, Management, Maintenance.
MENTALLY ILL OFFENDERS VIS-A-VIS INVESTIGATING THE CHALLENGES OF ADMISSIBILITY OF OPINION EVIDENCE IN NIGERIA.
Dr. Augustine U. Amadasu*
Department of Jurisprudence and International Law,
College of Law,
Western Delta University, Ogharra,
Delta State, Nigeria
Enakireru Eric Omo (PhD)
Department of Jurisprudence and International Law,
College of Law,
Western Delta University, Ogharra,
Delta State, Nigeria
Abstract
In cases requiring abstruse or technical knowledge which are outside the knowledge and understanding of the court or jury, opinions of those deemed knowledgeable in those faculties are often sought. This is in consonance with the rule that the testimony of experts constitute exception to the generally accepted rule that when a court is to form an opinion on a relevant fact in issue, opinions of other persons are irrelevant and inadmissible. But the judiciary has maintained a skeptical and cautious attitude toward the admissibility of opinion evidence of experts. This stems from the controversial and conflicting testimonies of experts. This paper appraises the admissibility of opinion evidence as it concerns mentally ill offenders. It presents various legal commentaries and judicial decisions on the concept – both expert and non-expert opinion evidence. The paper distinguishes between professional witnesses and expert witnesses. The paper also states that the courts have often favoured traditional methods of assessing culpability of the mentally-ill offender. It concludes however that the courts have often rejected opinion evidence of experts because of the unreliable and conflicting testimonies of psychiatrists and other experts – regarding such testimonies as probative, advisory, not essential and do not tie the hands of the court.
POLITICAL PARTY SYSTEM IN FRANCE: LESSONS FOR NIGERIA IN THE CONTEXT 2023 GENERAL ELECTIONS
Dr. Okolo Christopher Chuck
Department Of General Studies,
School General Studies,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
PMB 0231 Bauchi,
Bauchi State.
Abstract
French today are governed by a constitution which was adopted on 28 September 1958 by a vote of all adult inhabitants of France, including Algeria, and the French Union, in a national referendum. The decision to conduct the referendum was taken by General de Gaulle’s government on 26 August 1958. Nationwide propaganda was conducted for and against the constitution by 23 approved political parties and groups, and in the result the constitution as submitted to the voters by the government was approved by an overwhelming majority. It is equally of note that in the politics of France since the French Revolution of 1789 there has hardly been any form of political consensus, an ability to agree on the fundamentals of her political system. Multiple parties is the key to the understanding of French politics. It explains the short-lived, weak coalition cabinets, the dominance of the legislature over the executive, and the practical necessity under which cabinets were placed to win votes by granting favors to individual deputies. The paper examines the French as against the Nigeria system and concludes that Nigeria can learn from the French in terms of ideological formation, political party and membership structure, gender targeting and state funding of political parties.
Keywords: France, Nigeria, Political party System, Constitutional development
FIRE SAFETY: AN INDISPENSIBLE DESIGN CONSIDERATION IN SKYSCRAPPERS BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
Agbodike Chinedu Chigozie
Department of Architecture
Federal Polytechnic, PMB 1012
Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State.
ABSTRACT:
Buildings need to be designed to offer an acceptable level of fire safety and minimise the risks from heat and smoke. the primary objective is to reduce to within acceptable limits the potential for death or injury to the occupants of a building and others who may become involved such as the fire and rescue service, as well as to protect contents and ensure that as much as possible of a building, that it can continue to function after a fire and that it can be repaired. However, the design and layout of a building, in conjunction with the materials used and style of construction, play a key role in preventing the spread of flames and smoke and in allowing the safe evacuation of people from the premises in the event of a fire. over the years, the high rise buildings, being a unique type of building have garnered significant attention with respect to fire safety, throughout the world. The multiple floors present in the high rise buildings makes great number of persons to travel long vertical distances by the stair, elevators, during an evacuation. In the course of this, the Federal, State, bodies responsible for ensuring that codes are abided with, in the erection of skyscrapers, the owners of such buildings, and even residents within and around adjoining buildings to the skyscrapers are all affected by high rise building’s safety. It is to this effect that the author had chosen to highlight the indispensable nature of fire safety as a design consideration in the construction of skyscrapers. The brief introduction talks about the design and construction of the skyscraper, highlight of top design and build considerations in skyscrapers construction of which fire safety is inclusive, definition of keywords as fire, safety, causes of fire outbreak in buildings, general approach to fire safety, fire safety strategies, etc. From the aforementioned above, it has become imperative to ensure adequate fire safety in our skyscrapers building design construction hence this report.
Keywords: Fire, Safety, Indispensable, Design, Skyscrapers, Building Construction.
AN APPROACH TO EFFECTIVENESS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS IN CONTEMPORARY NIGERIA AND THE WAY FORWARD.
Anyanwu I.U,
Allwell Anaba,
Imaga I. Lekwa,
Dioka Marvis,
Uwoma Blessing,
Mba K. Mba,
Kalu C. Ijekpa.
Department of Urban and Regional Planning,
Department of Geoinformatics & Surveying,
Department of Building Technology,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Department of Estate Management,
Department of Architecture.
Abstract
Transportation, the movement of goods and persons from place to place and the various means by which such movement is accomplished Over the years, transportation has contributed immensely to the economic development of Nigeria and the world at large.The study focused on the transportation systems and economic development in Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to ascertain the effect of road transport system on economic development in Nigeria, to examine the effect of rail transport system on economic development in Nigeria and to examine the effect of water transport system on economic development in Nigeria. The population of the study comprised all the management and administrative staff of Peace Mass Transit Nigeria Ltd, Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA), Royal Mass Transit Ltd and Eastern Mass Transit Ltd respectively which brought the total to 980. A sample size of 284 was drawn from the population using Taro Yamani’s statistical formula. The content validity and reliability tests of the research instrument were established. Survey method was used and copies of questionnaire were administered to 284 respondents through personal contact and 280 copies of questionnaire were returned which formed the basis for data analysis. Data were analyzed using percentage and frequency distribution tables. Three hypotheses were formulated and tested with Simple Regression Analysis. The findings revealed that there is a significant effect of road transport system on economic development in Nigeria. Also, it was revealed that there is a significant effect of rail transport system on economic development in Nigeria. Finally, it was revealed that there is a significant effect of water transport system on economic development in Nigeria. Therefore, institutional and private investors should show greater investment interest and commitment in the Nigerian water, road and rail transportation systems to galvanize all the potential resources for their improvement and growth.
Keywords; Effectiveness, Contemporary, Road transportation, Rail transportation, Water transportation, and Economic, Development,
HAZARD ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS IN FOOD CROPS AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
Umaru Abdullahi
Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering,
School of Engineering Technology.
Federal Polytechnic Bali,
Taraba State, Nigeria.
Nasiru Yahaya Ahmed
Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering,
School of Engineering Technology.
Federal Polytechnic Bali,
Taraba State, Nigeria.
Abstract
The contamination of heavy metals has spread widely across the environment, causing health risks to the human race and hazard for the environment. Heavy metal contamination of soil and food crops is an issue of global concern that ultimately results in toxicity and diseases in humans and animals through consumption of contaminated food crops. The major concern that requires sustainable advancement both statistically and on the basis of Qualitative assessment is food security. Recently, antagonistic impacts of unforeseen toxins have impacted the quality of crops and have created a burden on human lives, adding to dreariness and in severe cases even death. Consequently it is vital that communities with high levels of heavy metal pollution avoid eating large quantities of these food items. Also there is need for monitoring the levels of these injurious elements in food crops. This paper reflects the contamination of the food crops with heavy metals, the way of transport of heavy metal to food crops, degree of toxicity after consumption and the strategies to maintain the problem.
Keywords: Heavy metals, Food crops, Assimilation, Health hazard.
STRATEGIES FOR REPOSITIONING VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION TOWARDS EMPLOYMENT SECURITY IN NIGERIA
Adegoke-Samuel, Elizabeth
Department of Business Education
School of Secondary Education (Vocational and Technical Programmes)
Oyo State College of Education, Lanlate,
Oyo State, Nigeria.
Ogunbekun Ayobami Oluwafemi
Department of Business Education
School of Secondary Education (Vocational and Technical Programmes)
Oyo State College of Education, Lanlate,
Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Vocational and Technical Education (VTE) are learning experiences that can make one to be self-sustained. Today, more liberal art, education, science and vocational and technical education graduates are being turned out every year with their minds fixed on white-collar jobs that are not readily available. Vocational and technical education orientation towards skill acquisition, knowledge, competence, abilities, attitudes and capabilities that affords the discipline essential role in the economic development of any nation: it also creates employment and reduces poverty. This paper identified vocational and technical education as a career that prepares one for the challenges of unemployment and that vocational and technical education in no doubt has become a force in the education sector to be reckoned with. The paper as well looks into the career opportunities in VTE, unemployment in Nigeria, politics and a number of strategies for repositioning VTE in Nigeria. The paper therefore recommended that effort should be geared at all levels to reposition VTE in order to meet the demand for modern technological advancement in the world of work.
Keywords: Repositioning, Strategies, Unemployment, Vocational and Technical Education.
GRAPHENE SYNTHESIS AND MICROWAVE ABSORBING APPLICATIONS – A REVIEW
Garba D. Sani,
Department of Sciences,
School of Applied Sciences,
Kebbi State Polytechnic Dakingari,
Kebbi State, Nigeria.
Aliyu Saidu,
Department of Sciences,
School of Applied Sciences,
Kebbi State Polytechnic Dakingari,
Kebbi State, Nigeria.
Rilwanu Aati
Department of Sciences,
School of Applied Sciences,
Kebbi State Polytechnic Dakingari,
Kebbi State, Nigeria.
Suleiman Sahabi
Department of Sciences,
School of Applied Sciences,
Kebbi State Polytechnic Dakingari,
Kebbi State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Devices called “microwave absorbers” are useful for many applications such as electromagnetic shielding in electronic circuits, computer systems, space crafts and other communication systems to limit or completely avoid electromagnetic interference (EMI). EMI not only affects the functioning of these electronic equipment but also affects human health. Magnetic materials of different ferrites have been applied in this regard for their merits of high-saturation magnetization and high coercivity, which contribute to magnetic energy loss and hence microwave absorption. However, their absorbing requirements in the gigahertz frequency range is hardly achievable. But combining these ferrites with dielectric loss materials made the dream the reality. Since graphene manipulation has become possible, researchers are applying graphene in many composites matrices. In this paper, the possible applications of graphene based composites in microwave absorbers has been intensively reviewed.
Keywords: Graphene, Nanocomposites, Synthesis, Microwave absorbers, Reflection loss
THE IMPACT OF MUSHROOM FARMING A WAY OF ENSURING FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA: AN APPRAISAL
Ven Egesi Jonathan .C
Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma, Oru-East,
Imo State, Nigeria.
Muoemenam Ifeanyi Christopher
Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma, Oru-East,
Imo State, Nigeria.
Amaechi J.N
Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma, Oru-East,
Imo State, Nigeria.
Iheanacho Charles.U
Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma, Oru-East,
Imo State, Nigeria.
Onuoha Modestus
Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma, Oru-East,
Imo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Developing countries Nigeria inclusive have been battling with the problem of food shortage otherwise regarded as food insecurity over the years. It is no longer news that the population of Nigeria loke that of other countries have been on geometric rather than arithmetic increase. Another fact remains that there is no measure being taken by the government or even the people to reduce high poverty rate as the available scarce resources have always been a cause for war and disagreement among the people. It is equally on record that the government seem to be devoid of ideas on what needs to be done to address the problem of food shortage. The question begging for answer is this, for how long will this status-quo remain or even degenerate to a situation where people will be feasting on the flesh of each other for food or what? The situation has become so frustrating and disgusting to say the least as families watch their children and wards die in their presence in the name of hunger. The above statement form the gamut of this research study. Several data collection techniques were adopted for this study as oral interviews, textbooks, journals and the internet. The development theory(Basic Needs model) was adopted for this study, thereafter, conclusion was drawn.
Keywords: Mushroom farming, Ameliorating, Food Security, Nigeria.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENS RESPONSIBLE FOR POST- HARVEST SPOILAGE OF ONIONS (ALIUM CEPA L.) IN SOME SELECTED MARKETS IN MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE
Mohammed Zanna Malilima
Department: Biology
Umar Ibn Ibrahim El-Kanemi College of Education Science and Technology Bama,
Borno State, Nigeria.
Dr. Ahmed Abba Tor
Department: Biology
Umar Ibn Ibrahim El-Kanemi College of Education Science and Technology Bama,
Borno State, Nigeria.
Stephen Peter
Department: Biology
Umar Ibn Ibrahim El-Kanemi College of Education Science and Technology Bama,
Borno State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study aims to identify and isolate pathogens, responsible for post-harvest spoilage of onions (Alium cepa L.) with the following stated objectives: To isolate and Identify pathogens responsible for the onion spoilages, to estimate diseased incidence on spoiled onion, to characterizes effect of leaf extract on the organisms, to determine whether environmental factor has effect on onion postharvest handling process by farmers. The data was analyzed using simple percentage. physical characteristic and microscopic characteristics of the isolated pathogens; The survey reviles the diseased incidence on spoiled onion isolated from the sampled onions. Five samples sample were collected from three different markets selected for this study. 13.3 percent of the rotten onion are caused by Penicillium digitatum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Rhizopus stolonifera. which are mainly fungal pathogens and 26.6 percent is caused by Aspergills niger which is also fungi while 26.6 percent Saccaromyces cerevisiae which is bacterial isolate. The distribution of the bacteria in relation to the markets surveyed. The percentage distribution was 64.28% Enterobacter sp, 21.42% Pseudomonas Sp and 14.28% Escherichia coli, respectively. Leaf extract test result of four different disk against standard anti-biotic gentamycin sample. The neem extract shows total 56 mm inhibition area with averagely 28% against the standard sample gentamycin. Bitter leaf extract also shows 54 total inhibition zone with total 27% while African mahogany with highest inhibition zone shows total 62mm inhibition zone with average of 31%. And Aloe vera shows 60mm total inhibition zone with average of 30%. The research also shows that room temperature (29- 300) was the best temperature for development of rot. There was no rot formation at -200C and at 40c while at 370C very little rot developed
CLIMATE CHANGE AS A TRIGGER TO SEASONAL VARIATION EFFECTS IN LAKE CHAD REGION BORNO STATE NORTH-EAST NIGERIA
- N. Dogo¹,
¹Department of Geography,
School of Social Sciences,
Umar Ibn Ibrahim ElKanemi College of Education Science and Technology,
PMB 16 Bama, Borno State Nigeria
- H. Ibrahim²,
²Department of Geography,
Faculty of Human Sciences,
University Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tanjong Malim Perak,
Malaysia
- Bayero Aliyu3,
3Department of Mass Communication,
Faculty of Social and Management Sciences,
BOSU PMB 1122 Njimtilo,
Kano Road Maiduguri, Borno State Nigeria
Mazlini Adnan4
4Department of Statistics,
Faculty of Science Mathematics,
University Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tanjong Malim Perak,
Malaysia
Nor Kalsum Mohd Isa5,
5Department of Geography and Environment,
Faculty of Human Sciences,
University Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tanjong Malim Perak,
Malaysia
ABSTRACT
This study is to look at climate change as a trigger to seasonal variation effects in Lake Chad region, Borno state north-east Nigeria. The objectives were to: examine whether climate change is a trigger to seasonal variation in the Lake Chad region Borno state Nigeria, , measure the effects of climate change on seasonal variation in the study area, use some weather parameters to see the relationship with increasing latitude; The data used in this study were generated from primary; the primary source include the administration of questionnaires to 252 respondents, to assessed the effects of climate change on seasonal variation in the study area, Journal articles, Conference proceedings and papers, Books, Maps and other relevant sources were all consulted to have related information’s on the effects of climate change on seasonal variation in Lake Chad region, Borno State north-east Nigeria; Few Possible recommendations were made for future studies.
THE CONSEQUENCES OF BREXIT ON ECONOMY AND TRADE IN AFRICAN POLICIES AND DIPLOMACY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Emmanuel Onyebueke, Ph.D
Primary Education Department,
School of Early Childhood Care and Primary Education.
Federal College of Education Kano
Sunday Oguniran
Curriculum and Instructional Department,
Federal College of Education Kano
Abstract
This paper looks at the available empirical evidence on Brexit. It carries out a computable general equilibrium simulation focusing on the consequences of brexit on economy and trade in African countries, policy and diplomacy for sustainable development in Africa. It consider this through the following heading consequences of brexit on economy and trade for Africa, UK economy and trade link with African, the negative impact of brexit on the global economy etc. The paper concluded by stating that there will be challenges due to brexit but not necessarily in the way that it is commonly thought. There will be some positive gain. There will be some additional trading and investment opportunities that will open up. The paper proffers some suggestion on the way forward.
Keywords: Brexit, Economy, Trade, Policies, Diplomacy, Sustainable Development
GERMINATION POTENTIAL OF MADRID (Plerocarpus eronaceous) AND MAHOGANY (Khaya senegalensis ) PLANTS TOWARDS PROTECTING THEM FROM EXTINCTION AS A RESULT OF LOGGING IN ADAMAWA STATE NIGERIA.
*Girei M.I Ph.D
Department of Agricultural Science Education
Biology Education Department
Federal College of Education, Yola,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Bello M.L.
Department of Agricultural Science Education
Biology Education Department
Federal College of Education, Yola,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted in the College Botanical Garden to produce seedlings of two different wild economic plants Mahogany, Khaya senegalensis (DESR) juss and Madrid plant (Plerocarpus eronaceous in an effort to save the plants extinction, the two plants are related in terms of exploitation for wood, medicinal and forage purposes at both national and international levels. The seeds were sourced from Nigeria – Cameroon boarder. 250 seeds each were planted for (P. eronaceous and K. senegalensis in three replica totaling 750 seeds each. Four parameters of seed germination were assesed, Germination Percentages (GP), Mean Weekly Germination (MWG) and Field Conditioning Test (FCT). The average germination rate and percentage germination in two weeks for the three replicas were 26 & 247 and 10.4% & 98.8% respectively. The ( FCT)) was the final field evaluation for the research and was successful for K. senegalensis but poor record was obtain for P. eronaceous. The recommendation was parent trees with good seed viability be identified and protected for seeds collection and seedlings production while more research be conducted on germination of P. eronaceus.
Keywords: Exploitation, Extinction Germination, Mahogany, Madrid, Seedlings.
ENHANCED DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL DRIVE BASED ON TWELVE SECTOR SWITCHING TABLE FOR INDUCTION MOTOR
Umar Zangina
Sokoto Energy Research Centre,
Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto,
Sokoto State, Nigeria
- G. Saidu2
Dept. of Physics,
Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto,
Sokoto State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Direct torque control (DTC) is a control strategy used in a.c drive systems to obtain high performance torque and speed control. Although the strategy possesses some inherent drawbacks like the variable switching frequency, high torque and flux ripples produced at low speeds, it is still applicable due to its good dynamic performance and robustness. In this paper, the design of a conventional DTC based strategy of speed control of an induction motor has been considered, so as to minimize the problem of high torque and flux ripples which are produced. To achieve this, the stator flux locus was divided into twelve sectors instead of six and also changing the zones so that all the six active states can be utilized in each sector. Finally, the performance of the control strategy was demonstrated by simulations performed using the versatile simulation software package MATLAB/SIMULINK. All evaluations are based, on the drives performance which includes dynamic torque and flux responses of the system, then introduction of uncertainties to ascertain the robustness of the drive system.
Keywords: Induction motor, Voltage Source Inverter, Torque ripple, Robustness and Switching Table.
ASSESSMENT OF PASSIVE DESIGN MEASURES FOR CRIME CONTROL IN SHOPPING CENTRES IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
S.S. Abdullahi,
Department of Architecture,
School of Environmental Technology,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State Nigeria
O.K. Akande
Department of Architecture,
School of Environmental Technology,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Nigerians have been witnessing a class struggle among developers and investors competing for who builds the largest shopping centres. However, some of these shopping centres are being abused by a few patronisers who hide under the guise of shopping to engage in some indecent and criminal activities. The shopping centre business concept has not only boosted the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) and created jobs but has provided recreation and relaxation centres for those who have the financial capacity to patronize them. A major challenge is that the building design and security planning phases of most of these shopping centres seem to be running independently of each other, as opposed to working together to achieve a fully secured building. This paper examines the effects of passive design features on active security installation in large shopping centres. To achieve the desired objectives, data obtained through primary and secondary sources comprised the use of structured observation schedules and questionnaires. A total of 240 questionnaires were distributed to security personnel in 30 selected shopping centres using a stratified sampling method. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data obtained. The results showed the level of effectiveness of the existing passive design features in the installation of security elements. It is recommended that the design of shopping centres bearing cognizance of passive design should extend to the provision of maximum security.
Keywords: Building; effectiveness; passive design; security; shopping centres.
BENEFICIATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BARITE MINERAL ORE FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION.
- Obioha,
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
P.E. Dim
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
- Okafor.
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Barite ore was beneficiated using jigging and froth flotation techniques and then the beneficiated barite was also treated with sulphuric acid and NaOH separately. Chemical analysis indicated presence of major elements Ba, S, O and other minor elements. During the jigging operation grinded barite was placed in the jigging machine with constant water supply and both the overflow and underflow are collected, the concentrate from the jigging machine is passed into the froth machine, the collector, the frother and the depressant were added to the pulp after mixing in the froth machine the concentrates are collected and analyzed. The XRF characterization carried out on the raw sample shows the elemental composition of Ba is 47.231, S is 9.192, and O is 3.567, and after beneficiation Ba increased to 76.1639, S decreased 4.703, but after treatment with sulphuric acid there was a significant improvement of Ba to 89.5034 than when it was treated with NaOH 85.9736. FTIR analysis was also carried out on the barite samples to determine the functional groups present in barite. The specific was also calculated using a pycnometer, the specific gravity of the raw sample is evaluated as 3.521, after beneficiation process the specific gravity slightly increased to 3.704, after treating with base and acid separately, the specific gravity was calculated to be 3.906 and 4.102 respectively.
Keywords: Barite, Beneficiation, froth flotation, Jigging operation, XRF, Specific gravity
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF ROAD PROVISION ON PROPERTY RETURNS.IN BOSSO ESTATE, MINNA, NIGERIA.
Suleiman Yakubu
Department of Estate Management,
Baze University, Abuja, Nigeria
Ajayi M.T.A,
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Abass Sule,
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Rukaiyyat Ogunbajo
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The paper assesses the effect on property investment returns, of public capital investment (budgetary expenditures) on road infrastructure in Bosso Estate, Minna (Nigeria) with the aim of establishing the degree of impact of public capital investment on property investment returns. The paper covers an important policy and practice issue regarding the impact of government spending on the real estate industry. The government is keen to know the areas of greater impact of its expenditures and the extent to which the benefits from the effect may go in enhancing or providing funds (through tax) for new road infrastructure provision or repair of existing ones as it faces funding challenges in providing new infrastructure or improving existing ones. The before-and-after case method is employed in the study to the increase in property values (rental and sales). The findings demonstrate that once budgetary expenditure (road reconstruction) occurred, property investment returns in the area increased. The findings serve as the foundation for the government’s decision to provide more funds for budgetary allocations and expenditures connected to the infrastructure for road provision. The findings also estimate the potential for capturing the rise in returns from real estate investments as a potential alternative funding source through property.
Keywords: Effect, budgetary expenditures, property, investment returns, road.
IMPACT OF BRIEXIT ON THE CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL POLICIES AND DIPLOMACY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
Ayuba Olaniyi Jibril
Al-Hikmah University Ilorin, Nigeria
Usman Adisa Issa
Al-Hikmah University Ilorin, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study aims at examining the impact of Briexit on the contemporary educational policies and diplomacy for sustainable development in Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was employed for the study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 1200 educational administrators in Nigeria (i.e. 200 respondents were randomly selected from each of geo-political zones across Nigeria). The researchers’ design questionnaire was used to gather data from the respondents. The data collected were analysed using the descriptive statistics and simple percentage. The reliability of the instrument was carried out with reliability index of 0.87. The findings of the study revealed that Briexit had positive impact on the contemporary educational policies for sustainable development in Nigeria. However, the study also revealed that Briexit had no impact on the international educational grants and scholarship for sustainable development in Nigeria. It was recommended that both Nigeria and British government should strengthen their diplomatic relationship to foster more and robust educational policies that would enhance sustainable development in Nigeria.
Keywords: Impact, Briexit, contemporary, educational policies, sustainable development, diplomacy
EFFECTS OF SERVICE CHARGE ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT IN SELECTED MULTI-TENANATED COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS IN PHASE ONE, ABUJA.
Fatima Mohammed
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Rukayyat Adeola Ogunbajo (PhD)
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract:
This paper assessed effects of service charge administration and management in selected multi-tenanted commercial buildings in phase one Abuja. The study was guided by these objectives which were investigating issues and challenges involved in the administration and management and assessing the occupant level of satisfaction. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire and interview from eight (8) respondents from managers and 254 from tenant’s perspective respectively. Data was analyzed and presented using percentages, frequencies, relative satisfaction index and tables. Findings revealed that lack of transparency, lack of efficiency; improper accounting and poor facilities are the issues encountered. Howeve, the relative satisfaction index computed to show the satisfaction level of the occupants ranked Plumbing services 1st with relative satisfaction index of 0.7772, Cleaning of common services 2nd with relative satisfaction index of 0.718, refuse disposal 3rd with RSI with 0.653 while transformer maintenance has relative satisfaction index of 0 and ranked 13th. A number of guidelines should be taken in order to address the problems identified above which include Improved communication between manager and occupiers, clear disclosure of the basis for apportioning service charge costs between tenants among others.
Keyword: Service Charge, Management, commercial buildings, Relative Satisfaction Index
ANALYSIS OF CONTACTLESS PAYMENT SYSTEM AS A FINANCIAL RESPONSE TO CORONAVIRUS CONTAINMENT MEASURE IN NIGERIA
- A. Abdulrazaq
Department of Computer Engineering,
University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri,
Borno State, Nigeria
- A. Ismail
Department of Economies,
Federal Polytechnic
Abstract
The world welcomed year 2020 with pandemic disease caused by Coronavirus-2, a strain of virus causing Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (SARSCoV-2) named COVID-19. The shock of SARSCoV-2 led to thousands of deaths from millions of infected people. Strategies, measures and interventions were sought for curtailing the ugly trend. Some measures enacted in terms of protocols worsened the situations as they led to serious change in human relationship and result to adverse effect on socio-economic activities. Using Nigeria as a case study, contactless payment system is a worthy intervention against spreading of SARSCoV-2 with respect people attitudes, mode of payment systems widely enjoyed by masses and the protocol set by Nigeria Centre for Disease and Control (NCDC) against the spreading of COVID-19. This paper presents facts and figures canvassing for contactless payment system as one of interventions require by governments as well as all stakeholders for financial transactions as a measure for prevention SARS-related virus spread.
Keywords: COVID-19, Transmission mode, NFC, Contactless payment, Security protocol
APPLICATION OF GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES IN ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF ARTISANAL AND SMALL -SCALE MINING ON LAND USE AND LAND COVER OUTLOOK IN KEANA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA.
Madaki, J. A1,
Department of Geography,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State. Nigeria
Suleiman Y. M.,
Department of Geography,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State. Nigeria
Yahaya, T. I1.
Department of Geography,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State. Nigeria
Waziri, N.M2
Department of Geography,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State. Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Human socio-economic activities, the connection between human population growth and mineral resource exploitation have caused significant variations and jeopardized the land use/cover change (LUCC) sustainability of the city area. Land cover is the natural or basic elements of the environment that link and impacts many parts of the local, regional and global levels of the environment. This paper assessed the effects of artisanal and small – scale mining on the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) in Keana, Nasarawa State. Specifically, the objective of the study entailed a time series analysis of LULC between 1986, 1996, 2006 and 2016 using LandSat 4 TM, 7 ETM+ and 8 (OLI) to quantify the various land use categories, percentage change. Major land use classes used to determine changes in land use/cover area built-up area, vegetation, farmlands, mining pits and water bodies. These were classified using the maximum likelihood classifier. Results obtained are summarized using descriptive statistics and presented in tables and charts. The results show that major changes were observed in built-up area, mining area and farmland land use and land over categories. Findings shows an upward trend in built up areas from 96.24km2 (9.07%) in 1986 to 242.82km2 (22.89%), mining areas increased from 1.07km2 (0.10%) in 1986 to 22.08km2 (2.08%) in 2016. However, farmlands declined from 506.16km2 (47.71%) in 1986 to 484.55km2 (45.68%) in 2016. It is concluded that land use and land cover changes as well as uncontrolled mining activities contribute to the existing environmental deterioration in the study area. sensitization should be initiated by MMSD, NGOs and Town Planning agency to educate mine stakeholders and the communities on the dangers of environmental degradation. Therefore, there is need to implement and enforce sustainable mining methods, effective monitoring of mining activities through strict adherence to the country’s EIA standards and proper management of land resources.
KEYWORDS: Artisanal, Land Use and Land Cover, Remote Sensing, Geographic Information System, Landsat image, Artisanal, Small –Scale, resources
EXISTENTIAL RISK PREDICTION MODELS FOR DIABETES MELLITUS
Moko, Anasuodei
Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni,
Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Amannah, Constance Izuchukwu
Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni,
Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Abstract
This paper reviewed, and analysed risk prediction models for variants of diabetes mellitus. The descriptive approach method was explored. It clearly described the various deep learning and machine learning risk prediction models. For diabetes mellitus classification and forecasting problems, Deep Neural Network Model algorithms have the highest score in terms of accuracy. The Deep Learning models outweighed machine learning models in terms of performance. There’s also the issue of other algorithms’ precision. It is recommended that when conducting a classification and risk prediction survey, researchers should consider using the algorithms that explicitly describe performance while paying close attention to their advantages and disadvantages, as well as their potential outcomes. It is possible to combine deep learning techniques and these algorithms to create ensemble models, which will improve prediction performance.
Keywords: Diabetes, Type 1, Type 2, Gestational, Deep Neural Network, Machine Learning
POSSIBLE WAYS OF CURBING INSECURITY AND ENHANCING WORKERS PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA: AN APPRAISAL.
Ven Egesi Jonathan. C
Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma, Oru East.
Onyiriuka Anthony Uzodinma
Department Of Bio- Environmental, Imo State Polytechnic
Mrs Azubuike Chinedum Augusta
Federal Polytechnic, Nekede
Abstract
Insecurity have been defined by scholars from various perspectives and angles. For our purpose here we take it as a situation where there is no security of lives and property. That is to say that the government whose primary responsibility it is to secure and protect the people is found wanting in this responsibility, leaving the people with no option than protecting themselves. The fact remains that a worker’s environment go a long way in affecting his performance positively or negatively. What we are trying to say is the fact that a worker will definitely find it difficult to give in or perform optimally when his environment is not secured or conducive. Therefore, it must be said that the work environment in Nigeria is nothing to write home about. Lives are lost with reckless abandon. Most times, workers refuse to report to their work places because of high level insecurity because no one will like to work in an atmosphere characterised of insecurity as people die while serving their father land with little or no compensation. This form the reason or basis for this study. Series of data collection techniques were used in gathering data for analysis and this included oral interviews, questionnaire, periodicals, and the internet. The structural- functional theory was adopted for this study, thereafter, conclusion was drawn.
Keywords: Possible, Curbing, Insecurity, Enhancing, Workers, Performance, Nigeria.
INTELLIGENT MOTION PLANNING FOR FLEXIBLE ROBOT DUAL ARM IN 2D & 3D SMART ENVIRONMENT USING DEEP LEARNING
Adati Elkanah Chahari1
1Department General Studies,
Federal Collage of Education Yola,
Adamawa State,
Kindness Bulus Gago2
2GK-Kumanetics Services Ltd. Jalingo,
Taraba State,
Iliyas Ibrahim Iliyas2
2Department of Mathematics Science,
University of Maiduguri,
Borno State
Zainab Ahmed Tijjani3
3Department of Computer Science,
Federal Collage of Education Yola,
Adamawa State
Wito Johnson Malgwa3
3Department of Computer Science,
Federal Collage of Education Yola,
Adamawa State,
Ibrahim Musa Hassan 4
4Department General Studies,
Federal Collage of Education Yola,
Adamawa State
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a real-time path planning and control technique that ensures flexible robot. This technique ensures a collision-free path planning for the robot arm and can store the training learned based on the algorithm developed under the Cartesian constraint. For the robot workspace, a proxy camera is used to detect any obstacle for the robot arm due to human or object collision. During the robot training to ensure flexible arm, distant images are applied in the simulation environment to generate point cloud of objects for the workspace. A concept used in benchmarked research is adopted using algorithm of Kalman filter etc. This is used in for obstacle position estimation and its related velocity in 3D environment. Finally, to ensure the robot arm is well planned and controlled, the collision avoidance is ensured due to its attractive and repulsive capability driven from the robot end effactor.
Keywords: Path Planning, Algorithm, Robot, and Effactor.
EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE SOCEITY ON RETIREMENT PLAN OF EMPLOYEES IN NIGERIA
Agunuwa Ekokotu Vincent (Ph.D)
Department of Banking and Finance
School of Business Studies
Delta State Polytechnic
Otefe, Oghara
Arimitan Omamurhieme Goodluck
Department of Mass-Communication
School of Business Studies
Delta State Polytechnic
Otefe, Oghara
Abstract
This study examined the effect of thrift cooperative societies on retirement investment plans of employees in Nigeria, using Staff Multipurpose Cooperative Society Ltd, Otefe Oghara and Academic Staff Union of Polytechnic (ASUP) Multi Purpose Cooperative Society Ltd, Otefe Oghara. Both of Delta State Polytechnic Otefe Oghara as case studies. The study adopted a survey study, using strictly only interview and observation for data collection to avoid biases in responses as the population sampled is sensitive internal environment. Thus respondents were carefully selected and patiently interviewed unknowingly, such as to enable responses to be provided unknowingly, to ensure reliability of the needed data. Tables, simple percentages were used to analyze the data collected, upon which inferences were drawn. The study revealed that cooperative societies have taken the position of the government, due to the government failure on retirees life after job disengagement, and the cooperatives have assumed the place of good partner in employees retirement investment plans. On the basis of the above findings the study recommends amongst others that employees should develop a good saving culture at the onset of their civil or public service career.
Keywords: Thrift Cooperative Society, Retirement Investment Plans, Civil or Public Service, Sensitive Internal Environment, Simple Percentages.
تاريخ نشأة اللغة العربية
THE ORIGIN AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARABIC LANGUAGE
Muhammad Bello Idris
School Of Education.
A.D.R College of Education,
Legal and General Studies, Misau,
Bauchi State.
Abstract
This seminar paper is an attempt to unveil the origin of the Arabic Language as a language. the paper first looked into the meaning of language in a general sense and then continued to study the beginning of the existence of Arabic language, and the factors that aided its development up to where the language rich today as one of the international language of the world. .
Keywords: Origin, Development, Arabic, existence and Factors.
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF DIGITAL CODE LOCK FOR A CAR IGNITION SYSTEM (WITH WRONG INPUT ALARM)
Idiege Augustine Oko
Bala Adamu Malami
C.S Onate
ABSTRACT
This project “design and construction of digital code lock for car ignition system (with wrong input alarm) is centered on the use of an integrated circuit CD4013. The high-power transistor used in this project is 2v 3904 with the incorporation of a transistor logic integrated circuit 74LS08 containing four district AND gates. The output of the AND gates go high only when all inputs are high. The integrated circuits (40131Cs), two dual flip flop packages were connected in series in such a way that the input of the first flip flop is armed once the circuit is on and would be loaded as soon as the first switch is momentarily pressed, while the AND gate which is the final output of the entire logic system, biases the transistor. Hence, the principal aim of this project is to design and construct an efficient, functional, usable, practicable and application digital code case security system capable of overcoming loss of vital information to wrong hands, financial crimes and other deadly misuse of stored data by hawkers.
CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGES DUE TO GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION AND HUMAN INDUCED ACTIVITIES IN COMMUNITIES OF LAKE CHAD, BORNO STATE NORTH-EAST NIGERIA
Dogo Alhaji. Ngare¹,
Department of Geography and Environment,
School of Social Sciences,
College of Education Science and Technology, PMB 16 Bama,
Borno State Nigeria
- H. Ibrahim²,
Department of Geography, Faculty of Human Sciences,
University Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tanjong Malim Perak,
Malaysia
- Ali. Modu3,
Department of Geography,
Faculty of Social Sciences,
University of Maiduguri,
Borno State
- H. Sambo4
Department of Sociology
Centre for Human Resources and Development
College of Education Science and Technology PMB 16 Bama,
Borno State Nigeria
Kamarul Ismail5
Department of Geography,
Faculty of Human Sciences,
University Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tanjong Malim Perak
Malaysia
ABSTRACT
This study is aim at assessing the community’s challenges due to changes associated with climate change impact on vegetation in Lake Chad Basin Borno State, north east Nigeria. The objectives were to: investigate the evidences of climate change in the communities of Lake Chad Basin Borno State, assess the communities challenges due to climate change, recommend possible solutions to the problems associated with the effects of climate changes in the affected communities; Data for the study were generated from secondary source, rainfall data for the period of 30 years were obtained as secondary data from meteorology station Maiduguri International Airport and trend equation of time series and coefficient of determination was done to examine the evidences of climate change by establishing fact in the study area, other data also include table indicating various challenges associated with both geographical location and human induced activities in study area Lake Chad Borno State north-east Nigeria
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SERVICE CHARGE ADMINISTRATION IN RESIDENTIAL HOUSING ESTATE IN ILORIN METROPOLIS, KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
Ajibade Kayode Rasheed,
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Kwara State Polytechnic
Abbas Iyanda Sule
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Kwara State Polytechnic
Alhaji Aliyu Akeem
Federal University of Technology, Minna
Abstract
This paper assessed the effectiveness of service charge administration in Residential Housing Estate in Ilorin Metropolis. The study population comprises of the occupiers of the residential housing Estate in Ilorin metropolis. The study analysed 200 occupiers of residential housing estate by using closed ended questionnaires indicating 66.7% response through stratified sampling technique. The study used descriptive and inferential methods of data analysis. The findings reveals that the facilities that constitutes service charge in the study area are; standby generator, cleaners of the common area, security and waste disposal and also reveal that the challenges of service charge administration in the study is default in service charge payment in the study area and apportionment of service charge. The study concluded that a service charge is a levy paid by tenants to their landlord or property manager for the upkeep of common services provided by the landlord for their enjoyment. The study recommends that Real estate professionals are encouraged to make fees chargeable with respect to service delivery flexible such that occupants may not pay exorbitant amounts yet receive an efficient service delivery which will further encourage them in payment of such charges, while the aesthetic quality of the property will be improved upon and occupants will be satisfied with what is been paid for.
Keywords: service charge, Administration, Residential Housing Estate
CONTEMPORARY CLOUD ACCOUNTING AND ACCOUNTING INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AS A NEW SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN POLICY
Obiah Mmadubuike Emmanuel
Department of Accountancy
Imo state Polytechnic, Omuma (Mbano Campus)
Imo State, Nigeria
Eke Fidelis
Department of Accountancy
Imo state Polytechnic, Omuma (Mbano Campus)
Imo State, Nigeria
Okere Obinna C.
Department of Accountancy
Imo state Polytechnic, Omuma (Mbano Campus)
Imo State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study assessed cloud accounting adoption in Sub-Saharan Africa. The specific objectives of the study were to ascertain the adoption of cloud accounting in Nigeria, and determine the relationship between cloud accounting adoption and accounting information management and African policy. It was hypothesized that, there is no significant difference in the mean responses of cloud accounting on the accounting information management in Sub-Saharan Africa (Nigeria) as a result of African policy (≤ 10 years, 11 – 15 years, and ≥ 16 years), and there is no significant relationship between accounting information management and African policy and cloud accounting in Nigeria. Data were collected with structured and validated questionnaire from 271 randomly selected accounting firms and government establishments, and analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and econometric model of logistic regression analysis. Hypotheses were tested using Analysis of variance and z-values produced by the logistic regression analysis. Results showed that accountants in Nigeria applied accounting information management already through cloud accounting. African policy does not significantly affect the responses of accountants on their adoption of cloud accounting in accounting information management. Accounting information management was purely determined by an entity in the course of its operations. The paper therefore, recommended that accountants and entities should adopt cloud accounting in accounting information dissemination and management.
Keywords: Cloud Accounting, Accounting Information Management, African Policy
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF GSM BASED AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER SWITCH
Agabi Peter Ikani
Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi.
ABSTRACT
This project “Design and Construction of a GSM based automatic change over switch” provides a means of switching source of power supply between the national grid and generator automatically. With advancement in technology, things are becoming simpler and easier, hence automatic changeover systems are being preferred over manual systems. The purpose of this project is to design and construct a GSM based automatic changeover switch, using GSM modules. The GSM module is a transceiver which gives the system access to the GSM service providers, it is controlled by the interference of the module which sends an SMS to the user to turn ON the generator automatically when there is power outage from the main source of power supply and the user will also send feedback to either start or not and also, sends SMS to the user again to turn off the generator automatically when power from the main source is been restored. This system reduces the running cost of fuel in the generators, time and also the stress of human interference going to either ON or OFF the generator. The other advantage of this design is that the system is not network dependent since it will run automatically without the user feedback when there is network problem it also runs automatically when there is a delay imposed from the user.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY TIME SERIES IN FORECASTING DAILY PARTICULATE MATTER (PM2.5) AIR QUALITY INDEX IN KADUNA
Adenike Folaponmile,
Computer Engineering Department,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, Nigeria
Samuel. F. Kolawole
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,
Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria.
Samuel N. John
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,
Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Particulate matter is a prominent indicator of air pollution in any particular place. More people are impacted by it than by any other pollutant. PM2.5 offers the greatest health concerns, hence the need to accurately estimate future values and give early warning. In this study, air pollution data was acquired from an Internet of Things-based air pollution monitor. The data was used to train the artificial neural network and fuzzy time series models for PM2.5 pollutant. The results of the models were evaluated and compared using error performance evaluation metrics of Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The best-performing model was used to forecast PM2.5 for five days and validated with the results from an online air quality app termed airvisual. The average AQI for the five days is 69.2 for the actual AQI, 66.6 for airvisual AQI, and 73.6 for the forecasted AQI. All of these values fall into the moderate AQI category. The comparative results of the validation indicated that the values correlate.
Keywords: Artificial Neural Network, Forecasting, Fuzzy Time Series, Particulate Matter 2.5, Air Quality Index, and Kaduna
EFFECT OF BANANA LEAVE ASH ON THE MICRO, PHYSICAL, AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CEMENT PASTE AND CONCRETE
1Sholadoye, I. O,
Department of Civil Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic KauraNamoda,
Zamfara State, Nigeria
Aliyu I
Civil Engineering Department,
Ahmadu Bello University Zaria,
Kaduna State
Bitrus E. A.
Department of Civil Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic KauraNamoda,
Zamfara State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Concrete is most widely used construction material due to its good compressive strength and durability. The increasing demand in cement as constituent of concrete has inspired researchers in both developed and developing countries around the world to explore and consider alternative materials as partial replacement of cement both in concrete and in mortar. Banana Leaves Ash (BLA) was used as partial replacement of cement in concrete. Microanalysis inform of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD) was carried out on the powdered BLA and the lateritic soil and it oxide composition using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). The FTIR of the hydrated banana leave ash and cement was also carried out after 28 days of curing. Concrete cubes were produced using various replacement levels of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent of Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with BLA. A total of 45 cubes of size 100 x 100 x 100 mm were produced and cured by immersing in water for 7, 14, and 28 days respectively. Properties such as density, aggregate impact value, aggregate crushing value, standard consistency, sieve analysis, specific gravity, soundness, slump test, and compressive strength were determined. The XRD microanalysis test shows the presence of calcite, quartz, Sylvite and Magantite at 56 %, 25 %, 13 % and 6 %. XRF chemical composition results shows BLA of SiO2 at 27.37 %, Al2O3 of 2.21 % and Fe2O3 of 1.41 %. This compounds it is pozzolanic. BLA was acting as a retarder as it delays the initial and final setting time of OPC Grade 42.5 at 15 and 20%. All other preliminary test met the requirement. The target grade of 15 N/mm2 was achieved at replacement of up to 5 % for the compressive strength.
Keywords: Banana Leave Ash, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Compressive strength
HARNESSING THE POTENTIAL OF NIGERIAN PIDGIN TO SERVE AS A TOOL FOR NATIONAL INTEGRATION
Ibrahim, Mustapha Afolabi 1
Department of English,
Kebbi State Polytechnic, Dakingari
Auta, Ibrahim Kanya 2
Department of English,
Kebbi State Polytechnic, Dakingari
Kajinyana, Joseph Ayeace 3
Department of English,
Kebbi State Polytechnic, Dakingari
Abstract
This paper critically examined the issues surrounding the choice of an indigenous language(s) as Nigeria’s national language, and resolved that provided focus remains on the indigenous languages, the national language question will continue to linger in the Nigerian linguistic space in spite of the provisions in the language policy. It argued that Nigerian Pidgin is a language capable of not only being the national language for Nigeria, but has all the potential to serve as a unifying factor and a major tool for enhancing national integration in a nation so divided along ethnic lines. It concluded that seeing as Nigeria’s national language issue may never be peacefully resolved in favour of an indigenous mother tongue due to the multiplicity of languages and the deep affinity that their speakers have with them, the Nigerian government should consider recognizing, standardizing and adopting Nigerian Pidgin as Nigeria’s national language and as the language for instruction and research.
Keywords: Nigerian Pidgin, national language, indigenous languages, multilingualism
THE EMERGENCE OF TECH COMPANIES AND SUSTAINABLE LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN NIGERIA.
Enakireru Eric Omo (PhD)
Department of Jurisprudence and International Law,
College of Law,
Western Delta University, Oghara,
Delta State, Nigeria.
Abotu Goodnews
Associate Lawyer,
Eric Omo & Associates.
Abstract
The Nigerian business space over the past decade has experienced explosion of Tech companies especially in Financial Technology and Educational Technology. In the financial technology services alone, there are more than 200 registered startups. With the drastic shift from industrial and information ages to digital age, the future is now tied to providing knowledge based solutions to practical problems in finance, education, medicine, commerce and other critical areas of human endeavour. Nigerian entrepreneurs are now seeking for various ways through the use of technology to solve human problems. The rise of Nigerian Tech Startups has led to several spontaneous adjustments in the corporate and business regulation sector in Nigeria, for instance on the 18th of May 2022, the federal government approved tax reliefs for tech startups in the country. This article examines corporate regulations binding on these Tech companies, regulatory compliance for tech startups, it also considers extant and proposed laws intending to regulate the activities of these companies in Nigeria. The article recommends the amendment of certain laws and enactment of more laws to regulate the activities of tech companies as this will enhance sustainable development of the sector to meet up with best competitive practices in developed economy and concludes that in a developing country like Nigeria there is the need for innovation, growth, development and the legislature must make laws to promote these concepts because as more Tech companies emerge it is imperative to create a legal environment where they can thrive in a sustainable global economy.
Keywords: Tech, Companies, Startups, Legislations.
CLIMATE VARIABILITY EFFECT OF ON POULTRY PRODUCTION IN BOSSO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF NIGER STATE NIGERIA
Ahmad, F.,
Department of Geography,
Federal University of Technolog, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Sulaiman, Y. M.
Department of Geography,
Federal University of Technolog, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Ojoye, M. Y.
Department of Geography,
Federal University of Technolog, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
Poultry plays an important role in human diet and economy of Nigeria. It is the primary supplier of eggs and meat and as a source of income and employment for people compared to other domestic animals. Climate variability poses a great threat to the growth and productivity of chickens. Hence, this study investigates the effect of climate variability on poultry production in the Bosso Local Government Area of Niger State. Specifically, the study examined the trend in climate variables (Temperature, Relative Humidity and Rainfall); as well as the trend poultry production (growth); analyse the effect of climate variability on poultry production and identify adaptation and mitigation strategies of poultry farmers to the effect of climate change on poultry production. The study utilized both primary (reconnaissance survey, questionnaire administration, interview) and secondary (climate data of temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall for a record of 20 years (2000-2020) and poultry production data) sources from selected poultry farms. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis and are presented in form of tables, charts, and content analysis. The result indicates that there is a significant change in the climatic variables (temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall) on a monthly and annual basis in the Bosso Local Government Area of Niger State. The study also identified a variety of poultry birds stocked by farmers, which included layers, broilers, cockerels, and noilers across the study locations. The bird stock ranges between 300 – 1000, with an average feed consumption of 3–4 bags per day for every 500 birds, resulting in an increase of 1.34 kg–1.62 kg per body weight per bird. Poultry farmers are also well-aware of climate variability and its effects on poultry production, with over 80% agreeing that climate variability affects egg and meat production and that high temperatures cause birds to eat less and drink more. Similarly, the result also revealed that high temperatures and low rainfall lead to the production of low-quality eggs. The researcher thereby concluded that there is a significant change in the climatic variables (temperature, relative humidity and rainfall) on monthly and annual basis in Bosso Local Government Area of Niger State and its effects on poultry production. It is thereby recommended that: Enlightenment programs should be organized for poultry farmers agencies on the climate change mitigation, adaptation, and resilience strategies in order to improve livelihood of the people in a sustainable manner and continuous monitoring of climate variables and poultry management to ensure profitable business.
Keyword: Climate, Variability, Effect, Poultry, Production, Diet
AN EXPOSITION OF THE LEGAL IMPACT OF BREXIT ON NIGERIA-BRITAIN INVESTMENT RELATIONS.
Lateefat Adeola Bello
Department of Commercial Law,
ABU, Zaria.
Abstract
This United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union popularly referred to as Brexit has had significant impact on the legal landscape governing the investment relations between Nigeria and Britain. New trade and investment agreements have been put in place to maintain the current level of trade and investment between the two countries, but businesses may face challenges as they adapt to the new legal framework. In addition to the legal implications of Brexit on trade and investment, there have also been concerns about the impact on migration, the financial services sector, and data protection. Overall, Brexit has had a significant impact on the relationship between Nigeria and Britain, and businesses operating in both countries will need to be mindful of the legal changes that have occurred. The approach of this paper is to analyze the British- Nigeran relationship in the context of what it was? What it is? And; what should be the fulcrum for investment post-Brexit? This paper adopts a doctrinal approach in its elucidation of primary and secondary materials and recommends that the relationship between the two countries should be treated as a golden opportunity for Nigeria to secure better access, greater protection, and more aid from Britain and for Britain, to use its independence from the EU as a vista of opportunity for Nigeria and other Africa countries to leverage especially in the area of technology. This is in view of the impact of technological advancement on the general landscape of investment bringing about twists in the way of doing business which will invariably affect the interplay of Brexit – Nigeria’s investment relations.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CASHEW TREE GUM EXUDATES AND STANDARD (IMPORTED) INDUSTRIAL NATURAL GUM (XANTHAN GUM) FOR PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS.
- C. Okonkwo¹,
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Habibu Uthman²,
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
- S. Azeez³
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Gums are carbohydrate bio-molecules that have the potential to bind water and form gels. They are regularly linked with proteins and minerals in their construction and they have several forms. In many pharmaceutical formulations, plant-based gums are the key ingredients due to their widespread accessibility, non-toxicity, and reasonable prices. These compete with many polymeric materials for use in pharmaceuticals and have created a significant achievement from being an excipients to innovative drug carriers. Scientists and pharmaceutical industries have been drawn to uncover the secret potentials of plant-based gums through a deeper understanding of their physicochemical characteristics and the development of safety profile information. The innovative unique class of drug products, useful in drug delivery applications, gene therapy and biosynthesis, has been developed by modification of plant-based gums. In this comparative study, (FTIR), (XRD) and (XRF) were carried out to investigate the functional groups as well as the molecular structures, the changes in their chemical structures and observed characteristic IR wave number, characterizing crystalline materials and the active oxides present. It was observed that the raw gum possesses most of the features of the imported industrial gum and therefore can be adopted in the pharmaceutical industries.
Keyword: Cashew tree gum, FTIR, Natural gum, polymeric materials, XRD, XRF.
MODEL DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PREDICTION OF RAINFALL IN MINNA, NIGER STATE NIGERIA USING ATMOSPHERIC PARAMETERS IN MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES
JIYA, Samuel Babanma
Department of Geography,
Niger State College of Education, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
YISA, Dorcas N
Department of Geography,
Niger State College of Education, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
IORNONGO Terseer
Department of Geography,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Rainfall prediction remains a serious concern and has attracted governments, industries, risk management entities, and the scientific communities. This study is to develop a model for the prediction of rainfall in Minna, Niger State Nigeria. Four-year atmospheric data consisting of rainfall, minimum temperature, maximum temperature and relative humidity spanning from 2018 to 2021 was acquired from the Department of Geography, Niger State College of Education Minna, Niger State. Three machine learning models were used for the rainfall prediction. There are linear regression, decision tree and random forest. The idea is to experiment with the three models and select the best prediction model for the data. The data was split into two, the training set and the testing set at a ratio of 80:20. The results show that the random forest model out-performed the other models with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 1.60 mm and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 4.05 mm. This is followed by the decision tree model with MAE of 2.48 mm and RMSE of 6.04 mm and the worst performing model is the linear regression with a MAE of 4.24mm and a RMSE of 6.90 mm. Hence random Forest was selected and used to formulate a computer-based rainfall prediction Application (App) using python tool. The App’s user-friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI) provides easy access to rainfall prediction especially for less technical users. It is recommended that accurate data be incorporated for a better rainfall prediction.
Keywords: Prediction, Machine language, model development, weather parameters
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF INDISCRIMINATE LOCATION OF
PETROL RETAIL STATIONS IN URBAN MINNA, NIGER STATE NIGERIA
Mammman Ibrahim,
Dept. of Geography,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Suleiman Y. Mohammed,
Dept. of Geography,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Jibrin Abdullahi
Department of Urban and Regional Planning,
Federal polytechnic Bida,
Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
The study aim’s at assessing the environmental impact of indiscriminate location of petrol retail stations in urban Minna. The study Map out the Petrol Retail Stations in Minna Township, Examined the distributional pattern of the petrol retail stations and assess their conformity with planning standards; even though most petrol retail station do not comply with the standard of 50-meter distance from well water sources. The research adopted field survey, coordinate of the stations were obtained using Geographical Positioning System (GPS) to collect primary data; Garmin™ Etrex handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver of 4.5 m accuracy. A Buffer width of 250meters recommended by Palfrey and Bradley, was used to provide a buffer zone. Results were presented on imageries and Maps. (GIS) was also used in identifying the existing petrol filling stations as well as conducting queries to assess the level of compliance of the petrol filling stations with extant planning standards. The research throws light on to the physio-chemical analysis of Well water sources in Minna metropolis, eight different well were compared: The parameters such as water temperature, total dissolved solid, pH, conductivity and Total petrol hydrocarbon (TPH) were analysed. In this study, Total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration affects different aspects of the water quality, it can be concluded that eight (8) underground water sources out of the ten (10) shows the presence of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH). Only one well (Well 5) with 4.8 TPH concentrations was within the permissible limit of 5.0 mg/l. The study recommends wells that are to be used for domestic purposes should be cited far away from Petroleum Filling stations so as to reduce the number of Hydrocarbons that may get into the underground water sources and in unavoidable cases, water treatment should be embraced.
Keywords: Keywords: Filling stations; water quality, Physicochemical Parameters, spatial distribution, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH).
DETERMINANTS OF COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE RENTAL VARIATION IN ILORIN, NIGERIA
Fatima Binta Abdulmalik,
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Namnso Bassey Udoekanem
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract:
The goal of any real estate investor is to maximize return. However, property investment is characterized by a huge initial capital outlay and is influenced by some key factors. Thus, it is pertinent that the nature and characteristics of the rental value are understood to enhance property market penetration. This study assessed the influence of these key factors on commercial property rental variation in the commercial areas of Ilorin, Kwara State. Primary data for the study were collected from commercial property occupiers and estate surveyors and valuers operating within these areas. The study utilized descriptive analytical techniques and multiple regression to analyze the variation in rental performance on the rental value and general investment performance of commercial properties in Ilorin. Results of data analysis revealed an increasing trend of rental values over the years under study, influenced by a combination of economic and non-economic determinants. With the economic challenges currently faced due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the economic implications of the pandemic on the rental performance of commercial properties in the city require a carefully designed strategy to minimize the vacancy rate.
Keywords: Commercial Real Estate, Rents, Rental Variation, Ilorin.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FILLING STATIONS ON WATER QUALITY IN URBAN MINNA, NIGER STATE NIGERIA
Mammman Ibrahim,
Dept. of Geography,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Suleiman Y. Mohammed
Dept. of Geography,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study is aim at assessing the impact of Filling stations on water quality in urban Minna. The study Map out the Petrol Filling Stations in Minna Township.In other to examined the distributional pattern of the petrol Filling stations with the aid of GIS and to know their conformity with planning standards; even though most petrol filling station do not comply with the standard of 50-meter distance from water sources. coordinate of the stations were obtained using Garmin™ Etrex handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver of 4.5 m accuracy; ArcMap 10.1 was used to develop the map of the study area that made it easy to identify the water sources in the study area. Buffer width of 250meters recommended by Palfrey and Bradley (2002) was used to provide a buffer zone, results were presented on imageries and Maps. The research throws light on to the physio-chemical analysis of Well water sources in Minna metropolis. Ten different Hand- dug well water samples were collected and compared for physiochemical analysis. The selections of parameters and the determination of Maximum allowable limit were conducted by taking in to consideration the WHO and Nigeria Standards for drinking water quality: The parameters such as water temperature, Total dissolved solid (TDS), pH, Electrical conductivity (EC) and Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) were analysed. In this study, Total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration affects different aspects of the water quality and it can be concluded that eight (8) underground water sources out of the ten (10) shows the presence of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH). Only one well (Well 5) with 4.8 TPH concentrations was within the permissible limit of 5.0 mg/l. The study recommends Hand dug-wells that are to be used for domestic purposes should be cited far away from Petroleum Filling stations so as to reduce the number of Hydrocarbons that may get into the underground water sources.
Keywords: Keywords: Filling stations; water quality, Physicochemical Parameters, spatial distribution, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH).
ANTI-CORRUPTION, DEMOCRACY AND DEVELOPMENT: AN EXPLORATION OF BUHARI’S ADMINISTRATION
Dr. Adamu Mohammed
Department of Political Science,
Faculty of Management and Social Sciences,
Federal University Gusau,
Zamfara State
Abbas Iliyasu Wali
Department of Political Science,
Faculty of Social and Management Sciences,
Umaru Musa Yar’adua University,Katsina,
Katsina State
Akilu Mikailu
Department of Political Science,
Faculty of Social and Management Sciences,
Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina,
Katsina State
ABSTRACT
This paper investigates Anti-Corruption, Democracy and Development; an Exploration of Buhari’s Administration. Corruption has eaten deep into the fabrics of the Nigerian society and no economy thrives in it. The question, therefore, is whether the fight against corruption and corrupt practices in Nigeria by President Buhari is a reality or mere rhetoric, a gimmick to deceive the populace again like his predecessors. And, what would be the impact of this war on the masses who have been impoverished by the political leaders through the act and science of corruption that made him, President Buhari to state that ”if Nigeria does not kill corruption, this number one enemy may eventually kill Nigeria.” The causes of corruption are from various institutional and political factors stemming from the flowed structure and monopoly of the economy by the federal government. Its effects on the nations socio-political and economic development are numerous and devastating. It has damaged the image of the country abroad to the extent that Nigeria is tagged as one of the most corrupt countries in the world. This has discouraged foreign investors and caused inflation and the depreciation of our currency. On a final note, the fight against corruption in Nigeria by the Buhari administration is being encouraging indeed; but it should be holistic and transparent, not targeting only a section of the country, a particular political party members and or his passive enemies if he wants Nigerians to believe and have faith in his war against corruption.
Keywords: Anti-corruption, Corruption, Democracy, development, Buhari Administration.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CARBON SOURCES (CORN FLOUR, SORGHUM AND RICE BRAN) ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND CONDITION INDICES OF THE AFRICAN CATFISH IN BIOFLOC CULTURE SYSTEM.
Muhammad Musa Ahmad
Department of Science Laboratory Technology
School of Engineering, Science and Technology
Federal Polytechnic Daura, Katsina State, Nigeria
Taofik Babatunde Ademoula Ph.D
Department of Biology
Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences
Umaru Musa Yar’adua University Katsina
Hassan Haruna
Department of Science Laboratory Technology
School of Engineering, Science and Technology
Federal Polytechnic Daura, Katsina State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Three different carbon sources (corn flour, rice bran and sorghum) were evaluated for their suitability in biofloc system. A sixty days (60) rearing trial was conducted where 8 circular plastic tanks (100 L) each were used as experimental units for different treatments and the control all in duplicate. Each tank was stocked with 25 African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings with average body weight of 8.90±0.00 g and were aerated by air electrical aerators. Length and weight of the fishes were monitored weekly and recorded. The use of corn, rice bran, and sorghum as carbon sources in this experiment supported the growth of African catfish in biofloc. After six weeks rearing period, the survival of fish in all treatments was not significantly different (p <0.005); control group (94%); corn treatment (98%), sorghum (90%) and rice bran (96%) (Table 1). Total weight gain was significantly higher (p < 0.005) in corn treatments compared to control. Specific growth rate (SGR), showed significantly higher values among the treatments (p < 0.05). Corn is recorded to have significantly higher liver weight than the control at (p < 0.05) but there is no significant difference between all the treatments (corn, rice bran and sorghum).
Keywords: biofloc, carbon source, growth performance, condition indices
A REVIEW ON INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES
Garba Danjumma Sani
Department of Sciences,
School of Applied Sciences,
Kebbi State Polytechnic Dakingari
Abubakar Yakubu
Department of Physics,
Faculty of Physical Sciences,
Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero,
Kebbi State, Nigeria.
Aliyu Saidu
Department of Sciences,
School of Applied Sciences,
Kebbi State Polytechnic Dakingari
Rilwanu Aati
Department of Sciences,
School of Applied Sciences,
Kebbi State Polytechnic Dakingari
Suleiman Sahabi
Department of Sciences,
School of Applied Sciences,
Kebbi State Polytechnic Dakingari
Sirajo Abdullahi
Department of Sciences,
School of Applied Sciences,
Kebbi State Polytechnic Dakingari
Abstract
Nanotechnology research has gained much attention in recent years as it provides innovative solutions in the field of biomedicine, material science, optics and electronics. Nanostructured ZnO materials have received broad attention due to their excellent performance in electronics, optics and photonics, optoelectronics, sensors, transducers and biomedical sciences. It is a wide band-gap compound semiconductor that is suitable for short wavelength optoelectronic applications. ZnO nanoparticles are non-biotoxic materials with photo-catalysis and photo-oxidising properties on biological species. ZnO is costless, environmentally friendly with significant physical and chemical stabilities. It is one of the most important metal oxide nanoparticles and one of the most widely used nanoparticles. ZnO NPs are popularly employed in various fields due to their peculiar physical and chemical properties. In this paper, industrial applications of ZnO NPs are highlighted, focusing on the recent progress in research to realize its feasibility in these applications. However, further intensive research on better understanding of the relationship between size, shape and structure of zinc oxide nanoparticles, and how one can tune its capability for various industrial applications is highly recommended.
Keywords: Zinc Oxide, Semiconductors, Piezoelectric devices, Gas sensors, solar cells
THE IMPERATIVENESS OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA.
Ven Egesi Jonathan.C
Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma
Imo State, Nigeria.
Egeonu Eugene
Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma
Imo State, Nigeria.
Amaechi J.N
Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma
Imo State, Nigeria.
Iheanacho Charles.U
Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma
Imo State, Nigeria.
Onuoha Modestus
Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma
Imo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Agriculture like many other countries with good, arable and fertile soils have been a well- paying and good source of food supply. One can therefore make bold to say that there is hardly any sort of food eaten anywhere that is not a product of agriculture. In fact no matter how well-packaged, well refined and palatable any kind of food is, it is basically an agricultural produce. One disgusting aspect is that certain people relegate both the farmers and the process to the background as if they are not important. On the other hand, certain other people feel proud enough to under price farm produce simply considering it a cheap venture while parading themselves as people who do not like to farm but love its produce. This is quite shameful. It must be stated and clearly too on the imperativeness of Agriculture and possible ways of improving on various farm and agricultural practises in Nigeria. The above statement form the gamut of this study. Data collection techniques interviews, journals, questionnaire and the internet were used. The knowledge-gap theory and theory of planned behaviour /Reasoned Action were adopted for the study, thereafter, conclusion was drawn.
KEYWORDS: Imperativeness, Agricultural Extension, Community Development, Nigeria.
حركة الجمع والترجمة في الكوفة والبصرة
TRANSLATION AND COMPILATION OF ARABIC LANGUAGE IN KUFA AND BASRAH
Muhammad Bello Idris
School of Education.
A.D.R College of Education, Legal and General Studies, Misau,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This paper is an attempt to study and explore the historical development of the art of translation in Arabic language and the language compilation in the areas known as Kufa and Basra in the present day Iraqi land. The paper further dig into to the geneses of Arabic grammar, its origin and the main factors that motivated its emergence in the early days of its development.
Keywords: Translation, Compilation, Arabic, Kufa and Basrah.
PEOPLE’S AWARENESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS AND POLICIES ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SABON GARI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KADUNA STATE.
Idris, Rakiya Kabir,
Department of Geography
Federal College of Education, Zaria,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Akilu Suleiman
Department of Geography
Federal College of Education, Zaria,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Ali Ibrahim Maccido.
Department of Geography
Federal College of Education, Zaria,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Environmental law is a collective term encompassing aspects of law that provide protection to the surrounding, The sample size for this research was two hundred (200) respondents from the selected individuals in the community; the instruments used for data collection are questionnaire and interview methods. The method used in analyzing the data was the simple mean and percentage which involves the use of presenting data in a tabular format and then calculated in percentage form. The Likert Scale of ranking order using a 4-point of Strongly Agreed (SA), Agreed (A), Strongly Disagreed (SD) and Disagreed (D) was employed. The mean for every item was computed as (4,3,2,1)/4= 2.50. Hence, the items with mean exceeding 2.50 are accepted while those below 2.50 were rejected. The result shows that majority of the respondents are literate in which 42% of them have attained tertiary education only 8% of the sampled population have no formal education, The result further indicates 42% of the respondents disagreed that authorities have established guidelines on waste disposal and collection in Sabon Gari while 12.5% strongly agreed. It is recommended that police and judiciary should take their roles seriously on environmental management and government should mount strategic environmental campaigns to raise public awareness through the various existing media.
Keywords: Awareness, Laws, Policies, Waste, Environment.
LEGAL ISSUES IN JOURNALISM AND ENVIRONMENT AS A CRIMINAL ACT IN COMMUNITIES OF LAKE CHAD BORNO STATE NORTH EAST NIGERIA
Dogo A. Ngare¹,
Department of Geography
School of Social Sciences,
College of Education Science and Technology,
PMB 16 Bama,
Borno State Nigeria
- Bayero. Aliyu2
High Court Borno State Judiciary,
Borno State, Nigeria
[Department of Mass Communication,
Faculty of Social and Management Sciences,
BOSU PMB 1122 Njimtilo,
Kano Road Maiduguri,
Borno State Nigeria]
- Ali. Modu3
High Court Borno State Judiciary,
Borno State, Nigeria.
And F. A. Ahmad
Department of Sociology
Centre for Human Resources and Development
College of Education Science and Technology,
PMB 16 Bama,
Borno State Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study was to assess the legal issues in journalism and environment as a criminal act in communities of Lake Chad Borno State, north east Nigeria. The objectives were to: examine legal issues as a profession, identify the nature of environment where this profession is been practiced, document the nature of criminal acts committed by journalist in the study area Lake Chad communities; Data for the study were obtained from secondary source, secondary data include research projects, dissertation, thesis written by previous scholars, books, articles, journal, Judicial briefs and proceedings and data from media houses and individual practitioners, the generated were analysed using simple tables and percentages to assess the evidence of those acts in the study area. Few Possible recommendations were also made for the future.
EXPLORING THE USE OF TEACHING METHODS AMONG SOCIAL STUDIES TEACHERS
Mofoluwawo Esther Omoniyi, Ph.D
Department of Social Studies
School of Arts and Social Sciences
Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo,
Oyo State, Nigeria.
Ajibade Ismail Oyebanji
Department of Social Studies
School of Arts and Social Sciences
Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo,
Oyo State, Nigeria.
Ogunniyi Omolayo Ayodele
Department of Social Studies
School of Arts and Social Sciences
Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo,
Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This paper title exploring the use of teaching methods among social studies teachers. The paper disclose many teaching methods with advantages as well as disadvantage available to Social Studies teachers. It however note that no single method of teaching Social Studies can adequately fit all learning situations. The paper recommended that the combination of the methods would definitely help in achieving the desired instructional objectives.
Keywords: Teaching, Social Studies, Methods, Teaching Method, Teachers, Exploring.
MEDIATING EFFECT OF STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LANGUAGE PLANNING AND NATIONAL SECURITY
Adebayo Tawakalit Oyenike,
School of Vocational and Technical Education,
Osun State Polytechnic, Iree,
Osun State, Nigeria
- C. Unachukwu,
Department of Insurance,
Federal Polytechnic, Offa,
Kwara State, Nigeria
Ajayi Olayemi Olusola,
School of Vocational and Technical Education,
Osun State Polytechnic, Iree,
Osun State, Nigeria
Olakunle Modupe,
School of Vocational and Technical Education,
Osun State Polytechnic, Iree,
Osun State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study examines the mediating effect of strategic communication on the relationship between language planning and national security. The study incorporated data from 200 participants, including lawyers, politicians, academics, and journalists, and Pearson Correlation and Structure Equation Modelling were used to analyze the data. Results show that language planning has important relevance for strategic communication and national security. It was also shown that strategic communications are positively related to national security. This study confirms previous research claims that language planning and strategic communication are powerful tools to bring complete peace to a nation. Evidence also shows that strategic communication partially mediates between language programs and national security. This connotes that strategic communications pave the way for language planning to influence national security. Therefore, the Nigerian government should develop and implement policies and programs that can address the root causes of Nigeria’s unrest through languages understood by all citizens.
Keywords: Language planning, Strategic communication, National security, Politicians, Lawyers.
TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION AT SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL OF EDUCATION: AN EXPLORATION OF ITS IMPORTANCE AND PROBLEMS IN CLASSROOM DELIVERY
Auta, Ibrahim Kanya 1
Department of English,
Kebbi State Polytechnic, Dakingari
Kebbi State, Nigeria.
Ibrahim, Mustapha Afolabi 2
Department of English,
Kebbi State Polytechnic, Dakingari
Kebbi State, Nigeria.
Kajinyana, Joseph Ayeace 3
Department of English,
Kebbi State Polytechnic, Dakingari
Kebbi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This paper takes a cursory look at the concept of reading comprehension – one of the basic components in English language as enshrined in the curriculum of senior secondary school level of Education in Nigeria. It identifies the advantages and roles played by reading comprehension in enhancing academic performance in virtually all school subjects among senior secondary school students in Nigeria. It explores some of the strategies to teaching reading comprehension and highlights practical problems associated with delivery of lessons in the teaching and learning of reading comprehension in typical classrooms of senior secondary schools in Nigeria. These problems include: lack of proper implementation of curriculum; unsuitable choice of language teaching strategies; inadequate instructional resources; and so on. The paper contends that to provide possible solutions to the identified problems, qualified English language teachers must be employed to handle reading comprehension; and the use of modern technology in lesson delivery by teachers should be encouraged. The educational implication which aims at stimulating students’ academic performance in all school subjects may be ineffective if the issues are not handled wisely. The paper concludes that senior secondary school students must acquire the reading comprehension abilities, as it forms the basis for all learning activities. Finally, the paper suggests that teachers of English language should be exposed to more training so as to acquire knowledge of different language strategies. This could go a long way in ameliorating the problems in teaching reading comprehension at senior secondary school in Nigeria.
Keyword: English Language, Reading Comprehension, Classroom delivery, Comprehension Strategies, Language Teaching,
CYBER SECURITY CONCERNS AND THE IMPACT OF BREXIT ON THE SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA.
,
,
Abstract
Cybersecurity, which refers to the methods, procedures, and safeguards that support the defense of computer networks, devices, and data against tampering, theft, and damage, has not been a key focus of Brexit discussions, either diplomatically or publicly. In fact, it feels fairly underappreciated considering its critical role in promoting economic growth and political stability. criminal cyber actors take advantage of the borderless nature of the internet coupled with the confusion that comes with brexit. While other articles focus on trade and development. economic , geopolitical , social implications 0f brexit, this paper focuses on the implications of brexit on CyberSecurity, we presented the implications of brexit on uk cyber security policy, the African Cyber Security Land Scape and the Possible cyber security implications of brexit on sub-Saharan Africa. We concluded by recoomendations on how to strengthen the subsaharan Africa cyber security.
EFFECTS OF SERVICE CHARGE ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT IN SELECTED MULTI-TENANTED COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS IN PHASE ONE, ABUJA.
Fatima Mohammed
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract:
This paper assessed effects of service charge administration and management in selected multi-tenanted commercial buildings in phase one Abuja. The study was guided by these objectives which were investigating issues and challenges involved in the administration and management and assessing the occupant level of satisfaction. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire and interview from eight (8) respondents from managers and 254 from tenant’s perspective respectively. Data was analyzed and presented using percentages, frequencies, relative satisfaction index and tables. Findings revealed that lack of transparency, lack of efficiency; improper accounting and poor facilities are the issues encountered. However, the relative satisfaction index computed to show the satisfaction level of the occupants ranked Plumbing services 1st with relative satisfaction index of 0.7772, Cleaning of common services 2nd with relative satisfaction index of 0.718, refuse disposal 3rd with RSI with 0.653 while transformer maintenance has relative satisfaction index of 0 and ranked 13th. A number of guidelines should be taken in order to address the problems identified above which include Improved communication between manager and occupiers, clear disclosure of the basis for apportioning service charge costs between tenants among others.
AUDIT COMMITTEE ATTRIBUTES AND FINANCIAL REPORTING LAG: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIAN LISTED FIRMS
Abdullahi Sani
Department of Accountancy,
Federal Polytechnic Bali,
Taraba State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This research assesses the effect of audit committee attributes on financial reporting lag using a sample of 67 Nigerian non-financial listed firms. The data was obtained from the firms’ annual reports and accounts covering 2012 to 2021. The research finding strongly suggests that the audit committee size increases financial reporting lag, while audit committee independence reduces financial reporting lag. Moreover, this finding appears robust using an alternative estimation model. Thus, the outcome validates the prepositions of the resource dependency and agency perspectives, stressing that the active monitoring role of audit committee may shape firms’ internal governance systems. More importantly, the practical implication of the finding is that firms should prefer a smaller audit size with a higher ratio of independent directors to reduce audit report lag. This enhanced timeliness may mitigate information disparity between firms and prospective investors, thus, minimising agency conflicts and boosting firm value.
Keywords: Audit committee attributes. Financial reporting lag. Nigerian listed companies.
INFLUENCE OF PALM OIL FIBRE ASH ON THE PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT IN THE ROAD CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN BAUCHI STATE NIGERIA
Usman, M. M.,
Department of Civil Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State Nigeria
Olamoju R. O.
Department of Civil Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State Nigeria
Shuaibu, A.
Department of Civil Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Palm oil industry plays an essential role in Malaysia’s economy recently. However, is also drive towards accommodating of waste such as empty fruit bunch, mesocarp fibre, Palm oil mill waste product and palm oil fibre ash. POFA is known as a material that demonstrate great potential to be utilized as filler in asphalt mixture.This study is geared towards examining the influence of palm oil fiber ash on the properties of Asphalt in the road construction industry in Bauchi State. Many researchers mainly used POFA in concrete material, and limited in pavement material. Therefore in this study, the potential of POFA in asphalt properties was evaluated as a choice initiative to encourage waste recycling in road construction industry. The conventional pen bitumen 70/60 that was used as the virgin asphalt binder in this study was obtained from Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi laboratory. Materials used were Coarse aggregate, Fine aggregates, Bitumen (binder) and so on. POFA was integrated as filler material passing 75mm into a mixture design ACW20 with varying amounts of 0% 2.5% 5% 7.5% and 10% by weight of total aggregate) and bitumen content 6.1% the specific gravity properties of each amount of POFA were assessed was used during marshall volumetric properties. These materials were then analyzed using the Marshall Stability test. The laboratory results showed that the asphalt mixture was improved with a certain amount of POFA and indicated that POFA has good potentiality as alternative filler material in the asphalt mixed.
Key words: Palm oil fiber ash, Asphalt, Waste, Filler, Road
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A SOLAR-POWERED WEED CUTTING MACHINE USING ARDUINO BOARD
Gamawa Mansur Aliyu,
Department of Computer Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Y.I. Aljasawi,
Department of Electrical Electronic Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria
Sadiq Umar,
Department of Electrical Electronic Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria
- M. Nazif,
Department of Electrical Electronic Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria
Hamza Yunusa.
Department of Electrical Electronic Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria
Abstract
Smart solar-powered weed-cutting machines are employed to save the time and energy expended by humans to remove weeds on the field or farms. This work focuses on designing and constructing a smart grass-cutting machine that will be able to detect and cut grasses as desired by the user, as the machine considers these grasses as obstacles. The movement or the route of the smart solar-powered weed-cutting machine is based on a route planning technique. Sensors are used to provide feedback to a smart solar-powered weed-cutting machine by detecting the obstacles on the route of the machine. Arduino UNO microcontroller is utilized as the microcontroller to enable the control of the machinist metropolis. Other essential compositions of the system include solar panels, batteries, DC motors, ultrasonic sensors, and blades. The DC motor is incorporated to provide the required torque that drives the blade to cut the grasses.
Keywords: Ultrasonic sensor, Arduino, DC motor, Grass cutting.
EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN THE FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC BAUCHI, NIGERIA.
Fa’iz Ibrahim Jibia
ICT/MIS Directorate
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi
Abstract
The advent of the internet in the 1990s led to a crucial developments in the world of communication hence the emergence of social networking sites which has revolutionized all sectors of life especially education and economy. The purpose of this paper is to discover how the students of the Federal Polytechnic Bauchi are using the social networking sites and to determine how the social networking sites can be used as a platform for educational learning for the students. Being that the student’s academic achievement in general is considered as one of the essential means to promote social and economic development of a nation like Nigeria. To achieve the study objective, analytical research design will be employed. Structured questionnaire will be distributed to the full-time undergraduate students of the Federal Polytechnic Bauchi from the various schools of the institution. The data in this research would be analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (SPSS version 22.0). The target population of the study are the regular students for both National Diploma (ND) and Higher National Diploma (HND) programs of the entire federal polytechnic Bauchi in the North-East Nigeria.
Keywords: academic performance, social networking sites, students, polytechnic, Nigeria.
EXPLORING RESIDENTS’ CONSCRIPTION IN ARMED BANDITRY IN NORTHWESTERN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF TERRORISTS EXPANSION OF UNGOVERNED SPACES IN ZAMFARA STATE
Abubakar Abdullahi,
Department of Mass Communication,
School of Business and Management Studies,
Abdu Gusau Polytechnic Talata-Mafara,
Zamfara State.
Abstract
States in Northwestern region of Nigeria suffer incessant banditry attacks on residents from remote villages and communities. The attacks culminated to the incessant abduction, wanton killing, raping, cattle rustling and heavy payment for ransom, including payment for protection fee. The sad development which pauperized the victims of violent attacks and kept the residents in object poverty and quite impoverished. Consequent upon this, various communities that recorded such serial attacks resorted to the total conscription and submissive to the orders and instructions of the bandit warlords who control the ungoverned areas in Zamfara State. In response to this therefore, the paper studied the areas under the control and lordship of bandits. The study applied two methods of data collection- Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and questionnaire. To achieve this, the paper identified bandits’ expanded villages and communities and the typical patterns of newly enforced operational laws on the residents including the extreme loyalty accorded to the Terrorist groups’ leadership structure at the ungoverned the spaces. In line with this, the paper found that the residents strictly adhered more to the rules and extant laws of the bandits than that of the government in Zamfara state. The findings also established that resident communities became terrified farmhands to bandits. The paper concluded that Bandits are succeeding in dominating communities through village heads as collaborators. The paper recommended that Zamfara state government should introduce satellite units of security agencies at volatile areas and danger zones.
Keywords: Residents’; Conscription; Armed Banditry; Terrorists; Ungoverned Spaces.
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION DELIVERY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ POTENTIALS IN GOMBE STATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION BILLIRI: IMPLICATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Adamu Ahmed Bello
Department of Primary Education, School Of Ecce/Ped,
College of Education Billiri,
Gombe State, Nigeria.
Abstract
The objectives of every higher institution of learning in Nigeria are to equip a student with necessary intellectual values and virtues, as well as to cultivate skills and mental competence for the recsoucitation of their potentials, good performance, self-reliance and academic independence. That is why this study was carried out to explore avenues for improving quality of higher education delivery for the development of students’ potentials in Gombe State College of Education Billiri. The study adopted descriptive research design. A total of 100 respondents from four existing schools of COE Billiri using stratified sampling as well as purposive sampling techniques made up the population of this study. Three research questions were answered while self-structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. The retrieved questionnaires were screened and coded in frequency count and simple percentages for data analyses. The findings of this study reveal that while government through the management of COE Billiri are doing their bests in ensuring a qualitative education delivery in the college, but many aspects still need to be touched such as students’ halls of residence, a friendly student-teacher relationship, lecture theatres and many more. However, the following recommendations among others, were made: our teachers should find out the objectives of higher education and to identify the requirements, focus and meaning of each objective for easy operationalization in their teaching task.
BREXIT AND CONSEQUENT DEMOCRATIC EDUCATION FOR NIGERIA
Odiji Okpanachi Linus
Department of Political Science,
Prince Abubakar Audu University,
Anyigba, Kogi State
ABSTRACT
When the British populace decided to exit the European Union on 23rd June 2016, not many scholars, policy makers and the citizenry particularly in Nigeria drew minds to the salient democratic, peace, security and developmental lessons accruable from the landmark decision. About half a decade after the referendum and three years into the actual implementation of the wishes of the Britons, Nigeria – a close ally of Britain – seems not to have learnt any political lesson as both the ruling elite and the masses have continue with the primordial manner of politicking such as monitization and militarization of politics, vote buying and selling and widespread electoral rigging. Since democracy in contemporary times, has turned out to be the most supported political tool for development and social change, this study focuses on the lofty lessons that are accruable from the British styled democracy which allows electorate to express independently their franchise which equally allows votes to count as different from what has in most cases obtained in Nigeria since 1999 when the fourth republic was ushered in. While jointly embracing the Role and Social Exchange theories as guiding compass to chart the course for an objective discourse, the study adopts qualitative method of analysis which is premised around the use of secondary data. Conclusively, the discourse reveals and recommends that Nigeria needs to amend its electoral laws and practices similar to what obtains in the United Kingdom in order to reposition the country towards enjoying more dividends of democracy.
Keywords: BREXIT, Democracy, Democratic Education, Dividends of Democracy, Nigeria
SECURITY IN ISLAMIC ECONOMY. A PANACEA TO NIGERIA’S SOCIO ECONOMIC QUAGMIRE
Dr. Abba Alhaji Bukar
Department of Islamic Studies,
Borno State University
Maiduguri
Mallam Abubakar Shettima
Department of Islamic Studies
Borno State University
Maiduguri
ABSTRACT
Human life is full of contingencies acute conditions requiring immediate relief for satisfying elementary wants. What constitute an elementary want depends upon the social status of the individual, the stage of economic development of the community of which he is a member and the accepted norms and conventions of that community. Thus indigence is as much a social malaise as it is an individual affliction. And, perhaps, this social problem is as old as the society itself. All social problems symptomatize the existence of maladjustment in the society. Human society, whatever the stage of its civilisation or economic development, has always tried to keep some sort of balance in the inequalities of incomes to maintain its own homoeostasis. Social security is a scheme to provide relief to the victims of social contingencies. The religion of Islam lays great emphasis on the extension of hands of benevolence and fellow feelings this important aspect of social security and the provisions of necessities of life of the subjects of an Islamic ummah. There is no denial to the fact that survival of man’s life without the basic necessities of life is near to impossibility. One cannot survive without food; clothing and shelter. They are essentially required for man’s existence. The system dealing with such necessities of life and ensuring its provisions is termed as the social security system.This paper seeks to highlight the Islamic framework that provides a complete code of conduct for the present as well as the time to come. Islamic system has been the most progressive of all in its early years . Islam provides a complete code of conduct for the present as well as the future generations. Islamic system has been the most progressive one and germane to addressing our socio economic problems.