THEME: DELVING INTO ISSUES AND RESOURCES FOR SUB-SAHARA AFRICAN GROWTH IN THE MILLENNIUM ERA
DATE: 30th SEPTEMBER, 2024
VENUE: NASARAWA STATE UNIVERSITY, NSUK, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA
ORGANIZER: MEDITERRANEAN RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL
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CONFERENCE ABSTRACT:
ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASE PRODUCING ENTEROBACTERIA FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES IN KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
*1ADEJO, P. O., 1KUTA, F. A., 1ADABARA, N. U., 2SHITTU, K. O.
1Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna. 2Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna.
Abstract
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are rapidly evolving group of β-lactamases that have the ability to hydrolyse third generation cephalosporins and aztreonam but are inhibited by clavulanic acid. These ESBLs have become a serious global concern due to their increasing resistance to major antibiotics. Infections due to ESBL producers range from uncomplicated urinary tract infections to life threatening sepsis. Clinical samples (stool, urine, sputum and wound swabs) were collected from children and adults from four different hospitals in Kogi State. The samples were examined for Enterobacteria using standard bacteriological techniques. The physiological and biochemical characteristics of recovered isolates were compared with those of known taxa. The phenotypic screening and PCR analysis of ESBLs was carried out according to standard protocol. The prevalence of Enterobacteria was 314 (39.25%) with the age group 31-40 recording the highest prevalence 78(24.84%). E. coli was found to be the most frequently isolated Enterobacteria 165(52.55), other Enterobacteria isolated were Klebsiella species 55(17.55), Salmonella species 34(10.83), Providencia stuartii 15(4.78), Alcaligenes faecalis 16(5.10), Proteus species 10(3.18), Enterobacter species 10(3.18), Citrobacter species 2(0.64), and Morganella morganii 7(2.23). Out of 314 Enterobacteria isolates, 43 were ESBL positive. This study provides evidence of the dissemination of ESBL and a need for appropriate monitoring of the prescription and use/misuse of antibiotics to reduce the prevalence of Extended Spectrum beta-Lactamases.
Keywords: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, Antibiotics, Enterobacteria, Clinical samples, Kogi State.
WORKFLOW OPTIMIZATION IN THE DESIGN OF TEXTILE FACTORY IN NIGERIA.
J.A. SADIKU AND L. A.T LAWAL
Department of Architecture, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State
Abstract:
Optimizing workflow is crucial for improving productivity and minimizing operational costs in textile factory. Nigerian textile factory which was once a vital part of the nation’s economy, now faces numerous challenges that threatens its competitiveness. The paper assesses the relationship between an optimized workflow in textile manufacturing process and efficiency with the objectives to investigate factory planning and layout in relation to the workflow process, evaluate traditional workflows in textile manufacturing factories and explore the use of Lean Manufacturing and Facility Layout Planning. Interviews were taken on four textile industries in Kano state using non-probability sampling technique, specifically utilizing the snow ball sampling approach to gather data on the planning, layout and workflow in use in the factories and to examine the use of Lean manufacturing. Findings indicate that Nigeria textile factories have been slow to adopt the use of technologies to improve production partly due to lack of investments in modern infrastructure and skilled labour. There is a need for strategic Facility Layout Planning and the use of modern infrastructure for efficient production at low costs in a textile factory. The adoption of Lean manufacturing principles and automated machines are therefore recommended.
Keywords: factory, lean manufacturing, operational cost, productivity, workflow
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE AND IMPROVED HEALTHCARE SECURITY OF INFORMAL ECONOMY WORKERS: COMMUNITY HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME OPTION IN NIGERIA
1FADUN, OLAJIDE SOLOMON, 2BAMGBOSE, OLALEKAN SADIQ
1Department of Actuarial Science and Insurance, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria. 2Department of Insurance and Actuarial Science, Lagos State University of Science & Technology, Ikorodu, Lagos Nigeria
Abstract
The healthcare payments are a significant challenge for most African countries, including Nigeria. The healthcare payment in most parts of Africa is predominantly out-of-pocket at the point of utilization. The level of earnings and the nature of lifestyle constrained the poor informal economy workers from affordable health care services. A research survey design using administered questionnaires to gather data on household heads’ willingness to pay for health care services was adopted by the study. The ordinary least square regression was used to analyze and predict the level of willingness. The willingness of the households to pay for health care services was specifically valued using the contingent valuation methodology. The study results suggest that poor informal households are willing to participate in and pay for healthcare schemes to reduce or eliminate out-of-pocket payment expenditure. The study recommended the use of in-kind payment option in the form of commodity exchange in improving the accessibility of informal economy households to health care services.
Keywords: Income poverty, Health insurance, Informal economy worker, Commodity exchange, Health care financing
EFFECT OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES ON CONSTRUCTION SITE PERFORMANCE IN KADUNA METROPOLIS
FATIMA BABA CIROMA, AISHA WALI AMINU-UMAR, SHANDODAMA JOHNSON KOLAKUSU
1,2Department of Architecture College of Environmental Studies Kaduna Polytechnic Kaduna State, Nigeria 3Department of Quantity Surveying College of Environmental Studies Kaduna Polytechnic Kaduna State, Nigeria
Abstract
The management technique of procuring materials is critical as any materials surpluses or shortages will delay the project and put it at risk. This then affects the maintenance of a consistent flow of materials for production, thus affecting the overall project. The paper aimed to examine the effect of construction materials management techniques on construction site performance in Kaduna Metropolis. The paper used quantitative research design and questionnaire instrument was used to collect information from building professionals using proportionate purposive sampling technique and survey strategy was used and also inferential statistic using regression was adopted for the analysis in this paper. The study also demonstrated independent variables of planning/ scheduling, procurement/ ordering, receiving and handling, storage and security, waste control processes explained 54.0 % large effect size in construction projects site performance, with significance at p<0.001. Waste control processes variable and planning/ scheduling variable are making statistically significant (p<0.001) unique contribution to the equation in the study area. The study concluded that independent variables of planning/ scheduling, procurement/ ordering, receiving and handling, storage and security, waste control processes explained large effect size in project site performance. Waste control processes variable and planning/ scheduling variable are making statistically significant. Building materials management techniques used in the area should be efficiency in material storage, storage areas and storage record management. The study recommends that construction companies should focus on the quality of human resources, the efficiency of human work, and the quality of the materials used. The study also recommends that construction companies should make use of coordinated planning, assessing the requirement, and sourcing quality materials to achieve high levels of efficiency.
Keys: Materials, Management, Techniques, Construction, Site, Performance
UNPACKING THE PREVALENCE AND CONSEQUENCES OF EXAM MALPRACTICE AMONG ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS: AN INVESTIGATIVE STUDY ON THE FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO ACADEMIC DISHONESTY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE INTEGRITY OF ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION
ONWUBUALILI, SIMON ONYEDIKA
Department of Architectural Technology, School of Environmental Design and Technology. Federal Polytechnic Oko.
Abstract
This research paper investigates the prevalence and consequences of exam malpractice among architecture students in Nigerian tertiary institutions, focusing on factors that contribute to academic dishonesty and its effects on architectural education. Using a mixed-method approach, the study identifies peer pressure, poor preparation, and a lack of institutional enforcement as significant drivers of malpractice. The findings highlight the threat that exam malpractice poses to the integrity of architectural education and the professional competence of future architects, suggesting a need for stricter academic policies and a reevaluation of the academic culture within architecture programs.
Keywords: Exam malpractice, academic dishonesty, architecture students, tertiary education, academic integrity, architectural education.
CHALLENGES OF EDUCATIONAL REFORMS IN NIGERIA
*SIMEON, NORMAN A. (PhD); & **BENNETH IFIEZIBE (PhD)
*Department of Educational Foundations, School of Education, Isaac Jasper Boro College of Education, Sagbama, Bayelsa State.**Department of Curriculum Studies, School of Education, Isaac Jasper Boro College of Education, Sagbama, Bayelsa State
Abstract
Educational reforms emanate from the basic conviction that considerable progress can be made in a nation by its people through careful engineering of the educational process. The freedom of self – rule which Nigeria was enjoying had to match with educational progress. In September 1969, there was a National Curriculum Conference held in Lagos participants at the conference were eager to see Nigeria Chat a new course in its educational system. This paper examines Challenges of Educational Reforms in Nigeria. The paper x-rays the National Policy on Education and its relevance. The effects of misguided Educational. reforms was also looked at and the beginning of crises in the educational system as well as the UBE Programme its prospects were examined. Lack of necessary materials such as infrastructure, machinery and text books for programme implementation and improper planning of reforms such that in many cases the programmes are commenced before the implementation details are worked out, were factors observed as the Major constraints and challenges of educational reforms. The paper recommended among others, that government should set up an independent committee made up of experts in education to study various reforms in the educational sector since independence and come up with a strategy that will enable the nation move forward.
Key words: Education, Challenges, Reforms, Nigeria
EFFECTS OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL ORGANISATION INTERVENTION PROGRAMME ON FARMERS’ MILLET YIELD IN SELECTED INSURGENCY AFFECTED COMMUNITIES OF BORNO STATE, NIGERIA
MOHAMMED, K.; TUJJINI, H.; & ADAMU, A. GADZAMA
Department of Agricultural Technology, Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the effect of FAO intervention programme on Millet (Pennisitum glaucum) yield in some selected insurgency affected communities in Borno State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure (involving both purposive and stratified) was used to select 384 farmers for the study. Data were obtained with the aid of questionnaire and analysed using Descriptive and Inferential Statistics. Findings of the study reveal that majority (78.6%) of the farmers were males and married (85.7%). Their average age and household sizes were 44.52 years and 10 members respectively. Z-test analysis was employed to compare the yield of millet before and after FAO intervention and the result was significant at 1% (<0.01) which confirms significant difference in yield of the beneficiaries before and after FAO intervention. One-way Analysis of Variance was used to analyse the difference in yield of FAO beneficiaries IDPs, host families and returnees, and the result reveals that there was no significant difference in their yield because the p-value of (0.109) is greater than that of level of significance (0.05). It was concluded that the yield of the beneficiaries after FAO intervention was higher than the yield of millet before the intervention. The study recommended that should government should improve the security situation in the study area.
Key word: Effects Food and Agricultural Organisation, Intervention
AN ASSESSMENT OF OUTDOOR RECREATIONAL FACILITIES IN FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC MUBI ADAMAWA STATE
1SULEIMAN ABUBAKAR 2IBRAHIM HASSAN WAZIRI AND 3ALIYU TIJJANI
1&3Department of Urban and Regional Planning, the Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State – Nigeria. 2Department of Environmental Science, the Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State – Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Recreation helps to promote health, physical development and acquisition of physical skills for the youths. It also helps older people to maintain good health condition depending on age and level of development of individual. The study involves determination of the level engagement of staff and students in Outdoor Recreational Activities, access to facilities by the respondents, activities of their choices and so on. Sources of data for study includes both primary and secondary. The study concludes that the importance of outdoor recreation cannot be over emphasized, because it is essential for restoring the body mental and physical health. Therefore, planning for outdoor recreational activities in federal polytechnic Mubi will no doubt bring additional benefits to the study area, by improving the esthetic quality of the environment. Finally, the study recommends that Private investors should be encouraged by Government to invest in recreational sector by subsidizing land for recreation, the sport council should create awareness on the benefit of recreation clubs in the school etc.
Keywords: Outdoor recreation, facilities, master plan, environment, challenges
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN AUTOMATIC DOOR OPENER WITH COUNTER ACTIVATOR
BOYA S. N.; YUNUSA M. A.; & C. S. ONATE
Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering Technology, the Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi, State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF BEES WAX AS ABSORBER FOR SOLAR STILL
DANLADI YUSUF BISU1; KUHE AONDIYILA2; & LUKEMAN ADAMA3
1Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Nigeria. 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria. 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Agriculture, Science and Technology, Lafia, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
An experimental study on the effects of bees wax incorporated in the construction of the absorber for a solar still was conducted. As part of the study, two solar stills of the same geometry were constructed with the same water depth and volume. The one without a phase change material (PCM) was used as the control still, while the other with beeswax as a phase change material laid at the bottom of it basin to serve as an absorber was used as the experimental still. The stills were kept side by side and exposed to sunshine from 10.00 am to 5.00 pm for three days. Temperatures of the water at inlet and in the still were measured. HT-9815 digital thermocouple was used to determine the temperature of water in the basin and that of the inner glass cover. SM206 solar power meter was used to measure the amount of solar energy incident on the still’s collector. The results showed that the still with beeswax as phase change material (experimental still) has an improved thermal efficiency enhancement of 109.30 % as compared to the still without a phase change material with a thermal efficiency enhancement of 86.1 %. This implies that beeswax is a good phase change material for solar stills, and the use of beeswax should be encouraged as it is non-toxic and organic.
Keywords: Beeswax, PCM, Clean water, Sustainability, Solar still
THE ROLE OF TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING (TVET) IN SKILL DEVELOPMENT FOR ENGINEERING IN NIGERIA
1IME-IME JOHN ESHIET; 2SUNDAY IBE IJI; 3CHIKERE ROBINSON OLULU; & 3EVEREST OKWUDIRI KEKE
1Dept. of Electrical Electronics Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Ukana. Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. 2Entrepreneurship Development Center, Federal Polytechnic, Ukana. Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. 3Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Ukana. Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
In Nigeria, the development of engineering skills is critical for driving industrial growth and economic progress, yet the capacity of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) to meet these demands remains underexplored. This paper critically examines the role of TVET in developing engineering skills in Nigeria. As the country seeks to advance its industrial and technological capabilities, effective TVET programs are essential in addressing skill gaps in the engineering sector. Through a synthesis of literature and theoretical frameworks, focusing on Experiential Learning Theory and Competency-Based Education (CBE), this study assesses the alignment of TVET with industry needs. The findings highlight challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, funding issues, and a disconnect between educational outcomes and industry demands. However, opportunities exist for enhancing TVET through CBE principles and experiential learning methods that closely align with industry practices. The study recommends policy reforms to better align TVET curricula with industry requirements, increased infrastructure investment, and the adoption of modern teaching methodologies. Additionally, fostering stronger partnerships between TVET institutions and the engineering sector is crucial for producing technically proficient, industry-ready graduates. These recommendations are vital for strengthening Nigeria’s TVET system and supporting the nation’s broader economic and industrial development goals.
Keywords: TVET, Engineering Skills, Skill Development, Competency-Based Education, Experiential Learning.
EFFECT OF THE USE OF VEE-DIAGRAM INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY ON PRE-SERVICE PHYSICS TEACHERS’ ACHIEVEMENT AND PERCEPTION IN GRAVITATION IN PHYSICS, KANO, NIGERIA
OSIBOYE MOJISHOLA OMONIKE1, ABDULKADIR SALMAN ABUBAKAR2, MOHAMMED SAIFULLAH3, RABIU RAHAMAN ARIO4, UMAR YARIMA FATIMA5, SADDIQA LAWAL6.
1,2Department of Physics Federal College of Education (Technical) Bichi, 3Department of Science Education, Federal University of Technology Minna, 4Department of Science Education (Physics), Federal University Dutsin-ma, Katsina, Katsina State. 5Department of Physics, Sa’adatu Rimi University of Education Kano. 6Authentic Best Learning Academy.
Abstract
Vee diagram, a metacognitive tool, is one of the student-centered constructivist approaches to teaching and learning which enhances meaningful learning. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the use of Vee-diagram on pre-service Physics teachers’ academic achievement and perception of the concept of gravitation. A one group pretest and posttest quasi-experimental research design was adopted for the study. An intact class population of 20 N.C.E. II Physics pre-service teachers purposively served as the sample for the study. Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Two researcher designed instruments were used for the purpose of data collection which are “Physics Achievement Test” (PAT) and “Gravitation Concept Perception Inventory Questionnaire” (GCPIQ). Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while paired sample t-test was used to test hypothesis one and hypothesis two was tested using Wilcoxon Sign Rank-test both at 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that significant difference exists in the academic achievement of students before and after they were taught the concept of gravitation using the Vee-Diagram instructional strategy. Also significant difference exists in the perception of students before and after they were taught the concept of gravitation using the Vee-Diagram Instructional Strategy. Based on the findings, it was recommended that science teachers should employ the use of Vee-diagram as an instructional strategy since it encourages students to think critically and actively engage in their learning, which improves their metacognitive ability and academic performance.
Keywords: Vee-Diagram Instructional Strategy, Academic Achievement, Perception and Gravitation.
ASSESSMENT OF THE TREND OF QUANTITY OF WATER SUPPLY BY KADUNA STATE WATER CORPORATION (KADSWAC) TO BARNAWA COMMUNITY, KADUNA SOUTH L.G.A, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
ONOJA BENJAMIN UFEDO1, DR. MIKE O. NWUDE2, UGWU STEPHEN JESSY3, PENTAGNA THOMAS IJIMDIYA4 AND ADAMSON JOYCE ELIAS5
1Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, NDA Post Graduate School, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria. 2Water Resources and Environmental Management Department, National Water Resources Institute, Kaduna, Nigeria. 3Research and Technical Services Department, National Water Resources Institute, Kaduna, Nigeria. 4Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Environmental Design, College of Environmental Studies, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna State, Nigeria. 5Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, NDA Post Graduate School, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT:
This paper examined the trend of quantity of water supply by Kaduna State Water Corporation (KADSWAC) in the past Ten (10) years (2014 – 2023) to Barnawa Community in Kaduna State. Data used for the study included: Quantity of water supplied to Barnawa community by Kaduna State Water Corporation (KADSWAC) from 2014 to 2023 which was obtained from KADSWAC records, population data of Barnawa community from 2014 to 2023 was also obtained from the National Population Commission 2006 census and was projected using the population growth rate of 3%. The methodology used included sample size of 32,979 persons as at 2006 census which was projected in each year using 3% growth rate and the sampling frame was 100 percent. Findings from the study revealed that there is no correlation between the quantity of water supplied by KADSWAC and the population from 2014 to 2024. Data were interpreted using simple Tables, Figures and Graphs. The study concluded and recommended by encouraging the Kaduna State Government to ensure that adequate funding and monitoring is done to Kaduna State Water Corporation (KADSWAC) to enable KADSWAC supply the required water needed to Barnawa community, Kaduna Metropolis and the entire Kaduna State at large, the Kaduna State Government through the Ministry of Public Works and Infrastructure, should ensure the regular maintenance of facilities (pipes, inspection chambers, Mains etc.) belonging to Kaduna State Water Corporation cutting across communities, there should be constant awareness by the Government on the use of water facilities to ensure sustainability and there should be a provision for more modern water supply facilities to Kaduna State Water Corporation (KADSSWAC) by the Kaduna State Government.
IMPORTANCE OF FORESTRY TO THE SOCIO ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT OF MANKIND
GARBA ADAMU
Department of Forestry and Environmental Technology, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi
ABSTRACT
The importance of Forestry to the socio-ecomic development of mankind is intended to bring to the fore the various contributions of Forests and Forestry to mankind. This was achieve by examining the productive and protective roles of the forest and forest product in the ecosystem. Information was gathered through internet search of relevant publications. The search results indicated Man has ever depended on on trees for day to day sustenance and healthy environment. It is recommended therefore, more attention should be accorded to the protection and restoration forest estate.
Key words: Forest, Forestry, Productive, Protective, socio economic Development
CORPORATE BOARD ATTRIBUTES AND REAL EARNINGS MANAGEMENT OF LISTED FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN NIGERIA
*GODO, BITRUS; **BUKAR MUSA; ***EYIBIO OKON EKPE; & ****SARAYA AKAWU
*Accountancy Department, The Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria **(Federal University Kashere, Gombe State) Accountancy Department, the Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria ***Department of Business Administration and Management, Cross River Institute of Technology and Management Ugep, Ugep, Cross River State, Nigeria. ****Department of Business Administration and Management (BAM), the Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Abstract
The study sought to assess the effect of Corporate Board Attributes’ Variables (Board Composition) on Real Earnings Management of listed financial institutions in Nigeria. The expo- facto research design was adopted with reliance on secondary data from annual reports of the listed firms. Simple random sampling technique was employed in selecting 31 firms out of 57 firms for 2014-2023 financial years. In achieving the objective of the study, three methods of panel regression estimation were used which are pool, fixed effect and random effect by Hausman test. The analysis was done using E-views 10. The finding disclosed that board composition has no significant effect on real earnings management. The study concluded that the board is a corporate governance mechanism that reduces earnings manipulation. The study therefore, recommended that there is need for effective corporate governance practices in financial institutions in Nigeria in order to contribute towards effective and efficient real earnings management and avert possible collapse of financial institutions in Nigeria. Finally the regulatory authorities like Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) should enforce strict compliance with corporate governance best practices.
Keywords: Board Composition, Board Size, Board Independence, Real Earning Management, Financial Institutions, Executive Directors, Non-executive Directors
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT AND EMPLOYEE DEVIANT WORK BEHAVIOR IN NIGERIA NORTH EASTERN STATES UNIVERSITIES: A PROPOSED MODERATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
1ADAMU AHMED GIREI, 2AISHATU UMAR FARUK AND 3JIKA USMAN
1,2Department of Business Adminitration and Management Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State. 3Department of Business Administration, Adamawa State Polytechnic Yola
Abstract:
This conceptual paper delves into the intricate interplay between psychological contract, organizational culture, and employees’ deviant work behavior. Recognizing the significance of understanding these dynamics, the paper explores the potential moderating role of organizational culture in shaping the relationships between psychological contracts and deviant behaviors. By synthesizing existing literature and proposing theoretical frameworks, the paper aims to contribute to a nuanced understanding of how organizational cultural factors may influence the manifestation of deviant work behavior within the context of psychological contracts. It also aims to provide insights into how fostering a positive organizational culture can enhance psychological contract fulfillment, thereby reducing instances of deviant behaviors. This research will contribute to the understanding of employee dynamics in higher education settings and offers practical implications for university administrators striving to improve workplace morale and productivity in a challenging socio-economic context. It is suggested that future empirical research be conducted on this study variables.
Keywords: Organizational Culture, Psychological Contract, Employees’ Deviant Work Behavior
EXISTENTIALISM AND ITS IMPLICATION TO EDUCATION IN NIGERIA
*SIMEON, NORMAN A. (PhD); & **BENNETH IFIEZIBE (PhD)
*Department of Educational Foundations, School of Education, Isaac Jasper Boro College of Education, Sagbama, Bayelsa State. **Department of Curriculum Studies, School of Education, Isaac Jasper Boro College of Education, Sagbama, Bayelsa State
Abstract
This paper examines existentialisms and its implications to Education in Nigeria. The Success failure of any educational system on the world largely depends on the teacher, for they are the hub of the educational system. There is therefore no doubt that the services of teachers in Schools are indispensable and critical to the nature future, and the kind of individuals required of the society. Existentialism examines the role of individual play in terms of his or her feeling thoughts and responsibilities. The paper x-rays the concept of existentialism looked into existentialism in Nigeria cultural context and attempted the aims of socialism process in Nigeria Schools as well as its application in Nigerian schools. The paper examines the roles of the school teacher and made some useful recommendations that the Nigerian society, Schools must provide and create an enabling environment for the learners to grow, be it at low levels or advanced levels. Thus, the curriculum teachers, teaching ads resources, buildings, amongst others must be structurally in place for the sustainability and transformations of the learners.
Keywords: Education, Existentialism, implication, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT NO.2
TOWARDS A THEORY OF DIGITAL CAPITAL: EXPLORING THE DYNAMICS OF DIGITAL RECORDS IN DRIVING ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
ABDULKARIM ALIYU BUBE, PhD; & ABDULLAHI IBRAHIM MUSA, PhD
Department of Library and Information Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Abstract
The digital revolution has transformed the global economy, leading to the emergence of digital opportunities to the citizens of the countries. This leads to the emergence of digital boom through which wealth is generated. This study explores the potential of digital records to drive economic development in the economies, recognizing them as a form of digital capitals. This research investigates among others the challenges and barriers to harnessing digital records for economic development. The study proposes a novel theoretical framework, which explains the dynamics of digital capitals in the global economies. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge on digital capitalism and economic development, providing a foundation for future research and policy-making. The study will have significant implications for policymakers, business owners, and digital records holders regardless of the sectors of the economies, offering a pathway to unlock the economic potential of digital records and promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth in new discoveries in technology for sustainable development in which using Sub-Saharan Indigenous Knowledge to be contents of the new discoveries of technology will attract multiple users of the technology thereby creating wealth, which will lead to sustainable development.
Keywords: Digital capital, digital capitalism, digital records, economic development, less developed economies, theory generation.
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the combined effects of cement clinker and rice husk ash (RHA) on the compaction characteristics of lateritic soil. The high-plasticity lateritic soil (LL = 61%, PL = 34.85%, PI = 26.15%) was stabilized with 8% cement clinker and varying RHA contents (0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%). Results indicated that the addition of cement clinker generally decreased the Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) from 22% to 15%(BSH). This suggests that cement clinker acts as a binder, reducing the water needed for optimal compaction. Conversely, as the percentage of RHA increased, the OMC generally increased from 15% to 19%. This is likely attributed to the porous nature of RHA, which absorbs water and requires more moisture for proper compaction. The Maximum Dry Density (MDD) tended to increase slightly with the addition of cement clinker, suggesting improved compaction characteristics. However, the MDD decreased slightly with increasing RHA content, indicating that while RHA can improve soil structure, it may not significantly enhance compaction density. This was evident in the compaction efforts (BSH, BSL). Consistency limit tests revealed that cement clinker and RHA both increased the plasticity of the lateritic soil. The plasticity index decreased from 26.15 to 11.63, indicating a reduction in the soil’s sensitivity to changes in moisture content. Overall, the study concluded that the combination of 8% cement clinker and 6% RHA resulted in improved compaction properties, suggesting their potential for use in various engineering applications. However, the optimal RHA content and compaction method may vary depending on specific project requirements.
Keywords: lateritic soil, rice husk ash, cement clinker, compaction, MDD, OMC
PRE – DRILLING GEOPHYSICAL AND HYDROGEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION FOR GROUNDWATER AT OKUKWA VILLAGE, AMANSEA, AWKA NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, ANAMBRA
*NWABINELI EMMANUEL ONOCHIE; & **NWOKOYE OGONNA SAMUEL
*Department of Ceramics & Glass Technology Akanu Ibiam Federal polytechnic, Uwana, Ebonyi State. **Department of Civil Engineering Federal Polytechnic Oko Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This research involves studies of the physiography, local geology and hydrogeology as well as the conduct of field electromagnetic survey using ADMT 300s for the subsurface groundwater investigation. The study show that groundwater horizon occurred at a depth range of 70-85meters, which shows that the subsurface is characterized by high resistivity (impermeable) rock types, colour coded red with intercalations of wet zones colour coded light green. Underlying rock units are dominantly Shale/Clay with interbeds of Mudstone/Siltstone. Groundwater wet zone was observed from a depth of 70 meters. Saturation connectivity fairly do exist, hence may enhance conductivity. 230meters depth was recommended for termination of drilling.
Key words: Groundwater, geophysical survey, interbeds, local geology, and Aquifer saturation
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS CAUSED BY HUMAN ACTIVITIES IN THE SUDAN SAVANNA ECOLOGICAL ZONE (REVIEW)
1IBRAHIM HASSAN WAZIRI 2ALIYU TIJJANI AND 2SULEIMAN ABUBAKAR
1Department of Environmental Science, the Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State – Nigeria. 2Department of Urban and Regional Planning, the Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State – Nigeria.
Abstract
This study examines the Sudan Savanna ecological zone using secondary sources to discover some human activities that affect the natural environment and the resultant effects of these activities with view to proffering solutions. The study highlighted an overview of some characteristics of the ecoregion. Then some human activities affecting the Sudan Savanna were briefly studied. The study concludes that the concentrations of Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in soils around the Zobe dam catchment and the environs of Katsina Steel Rolling Mill were found to be above the acceptable limits. This presents health risks to humans and other animals as the metals contaminate both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.. Finally the study recommends that there is a great need to establish environmentally safe limits for metals in plant and soils of the various eco-regions in Nigeria. This need is emphasized by the observed variations in published background values from one country to another and even within the same country. These background values are often dependent on the geological history of the area etc.
Keywords: Sudan Savanna, Environmental Degradation, ecoregion, metal deposits, steel rolling mill
SPATIAL ANALYSIS ON DISRIBUTION OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PUBLIC HEALTH CARE FACILITIES USING GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) METHOD IN BIRNIN KEBBI AND GWANDU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KEBBI STATE NIGERIA
EMENARI UDOCHUKWU. S
Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Health facilities are health infrastructures that provide health care services for the betterment and wellbeing of people thus need to be located in such a way that it can be accessible by all populace. The purpose of this research is to carryout Spatial Analysis on Distribution of Primary and Secondary Public Health Facilities using Geographical Information System (GIS) Method. This research work beamed search light into mapping and distributions analysis of public health facilities in the study area, the distribution pattern taken, ratio of Public Health Facilities per population of each local government and to determine the Local Government with the best public health facilities in term of population. The result gotten reveals that forty-one (41) health facilities were existing in the study area, upon which thirty (30) that is made up of classes of twenty – seven (27) primary health facilities and three (3) secondary health facilities, are in Birnin Kebbi Local Government while the remaining eleven (11) belonging to class of primary health facilities alone, are in Gwandu Local Government Area respectively. The spatial distribution of health facilities in Birnin Kebbi Local Government shows that the facilities are centrally located while Gwandu Local Government is linearly located along central part. The distribution patterns of the facilities are referred as clustered. Again, the ratio of public health facilities per population in each local government is given as I: 16,345 for Birnin Kebbi Local Government while 1:25,071 for Gwandu Local Government Area. It was also discovered that public health facilities infrastructure of Birnin Kebbi Local Government is more equipped than Gwandu Local Government Area based on population. Recommendations were also given such as equitable distribution of health facilities and creation of data base for all existing health facilities in the state by Ministry of Health.
EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACTS OF AI INTEGRATION IN TERTIARY EDUCATION: A SURVEY-BASED STUDY
1IME-IME JOHN ESHIET*, 2EVEREST OKWUDIRI KEKE, 3SUNDAY IBE IJI, 2CHIKERE ROBINSON OLULU
1Dept. of Electrical Electronics Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Ukana. Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. 2Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Ukana. Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. 3Entrepreneurship Development Center, Federal Polytechnic, Ukana. Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming educational systems worldwide, offering opportunities to enhance student engagement, improve academic performance, and streamline administrative functions. This study evaluates the effectiveness of AI technologies in Nigerian tertiary education, focusing on their impact on educational outcomes at Federal Polytechnic, Ukana. A descriptive survey design was employed, with 102 students and lecturers participating in the study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, addressing AI usage, perceived benefits, and ethical concerns. The results revealed that 71.43% of students reported positive impacts of AI tools on their academic performance, particularly through the use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) Tools such as ChatGPT, virtual tutors and interactive platforms. Lecturers, while less frequent users of AI tools, acknowledged their potential for improving instructional delivery. However, significant ethical concerns regarding data privacy were expressed by both students and lecturers, with over 70% of respondents highlighting this issue. The findings suggest that while AI holds great promise for enhancing education in Nigeria, infrastructural challenges and ethical considerations must be addressed to maximize its potential. The study concludes with recommendations for improving AI adoption through comprehensive AI training for lecturers and students, stronger data privacy policies, tackling overreliance on AI tool and fostering public-private partnerships to support technological advancements in Nigerian tertiary education..
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, AI Adoption, Academic Performance, Nigerian Tertiary Education, Technology In Education, AI Effectiveness.
MORAL EDUCATION AND THE ROLE OF RELIGION IN NIGERIA.
SIMEON, NORMAN A. (PhD)
Department of Educational Foundations, School of Education, Isaac Jasper Boro College of Education, Sagbama, Bayelsa State.
Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to examine moral education and the role of religion in Nigeria. The fact of the logical distinction between religion and morality is taken in some circles as implying and even requiring a necessary conflict between their respective aims and objectives. Consequently, it has been proposed that moral Education must be kept completely separate from religious education. such separation, it, has been argued, is necessary in order to ensure among other things, the development of truly rational and autonomous moral agents. It is however, argued that although morality is logically independent of religion, certain religious beliefs and practices provide strong psychological incentive which may be effectively employed in the service of moral educational. This paper recommends, among others things, that the different organs of the Government should do the needful in this regard. Workshop, seminars, -conferences e.t.c, should be organized in this regard to raise the consciousness of our people towards critical ethical intelligence.
MICRO-CONTROLLER BASED AQUAPONIC MODULAR SYSTEM
BOYA S. N.1, YUNUSA M. A.2, OLATUNDE A. A., 3, MUSHUINWA I. E.4 ,C. S. ONATE5.,
125Department of Electrical Electronics Department Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria 34Department of Science Laboratory Technology Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The development and implementation of the automated aquaponics system achieved the primary objectives of the project. The system proved to be effective in maintaining the necessary environmental conditions for both aquaculture and hydroponics, thereby supporting sustainable agricultural practices. The integration of modern technology in monitoring and control systems significantly enhanced the efficiency and scalability of the aquaponics setup. The project also underscored the importance of interdisciplinary research and collaboration in advancing aquaponics technology. The successful demonstration of the system’s functionality suggests that aquaponics can play a vital role in addressing global food security and environmental sustainability challenges.
DETERMINANTS OF CORPORATE FUNDING STRUCTURE OF OIL AND GAS FIRMS LISTED ON THE NIGERIA STOCK EXCHANGE. AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
AZA, IBRAHIM EYIGEGE
Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa
Abstract
This research work examines the determinants of corporate funding structure of oil and Gas Company listed on the Nigeria stock exchange. The funding structure of a corporation consists of a particular combination of debt and equity issues to relieve potential pressures on its long-term financing. The basic determinants of corporate funding structure in the oil and gas industry as captured in this research work are corporate taxation, growth opportunity, asset tangibility, liquidity, corporate profitability and company size. The paper adopts a descriptive research design using a cross-sectional panel data of ten years spanning from 2013 to 2022. Population of the study consist of the top nineteen oil and gas companies listed on the Nigeria stock exchange but purposive sampling technique is used to select seven oil and gas companies with consistent data set covering the ten years study period of 2013 to 2022. Panel data regression analysis was conducted and the findings of the study revealed significant effect of asset tangibility, firm size, liquidity and profitability on the corporate funding structure of oil and gas companies in Nigeria. on the other hand, company taxation and growth opportunity shows insignificant effect.
Keywords: funding, corporation, combination, pressure, tangibility.
ASSESSMENT OF THE KADUNA STATE GOVERNMENT HOUSING STRATEGIES AND PROGRAMMES IN PROVIDING ADEQUATE HOUSING FOR LOW-INCOME EARNERS FROM 1987-2024
AMINA YUSUF; FATIMA BABA CIROMA; & VICTOR DUNIYA SHINKUT
Department of Architecture College of Environmental Studies Kaduna Polytechnic Kaduna State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study critically evaluates the effectiveness of Kaduna State Government’s housing initiatives aimed at providing affordable housing for low-income earners from 1987 to 2024. It examines the evolution of housing policies, programs, and projects implemented during this period, analysing their impact on housing affordability and accessibility. The research methodology involves a comprehensive review of government documents, policy papers, and reports, as well as interviews with key stakeholders involved in housing development. Data analysis focuses on assessing the alignment of housing initiatives with the needs of low-income earners, the impact on housing affordability, and the sustainability of the programs. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to a better understanding of the challenges and opportunities in providing affordable housing for low-income earners in Kaduna State and Nigeria as a whole. The research will also offer recommendations for improving housing policies and programs to ensure that they effectively meet the needs of this vulnerable population.
Keys: Housing Strategies, Programmes, Providing, Adequate Housing, Low-Income Earners
EXAMINING THE LIABILITY AND RESPONSIBILITY OF BUILDING OWNERS IN NIGERIA’S BUILDING COLLAPSE EPIDEMIC: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF OWNERSHIP PRACTICES, REGULATORY COMPLIANCE, AND STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY IN THE CONTEXT OF NIGERIA’S BUILT ENVIRONMENT
ONWUBUALILI, SIMON ONYEDIKA
Department of Architectural Technology, School of Environmental Design and Technology. Federal Polytechnic Oko.
Abstract
Nigeria’s built environment has witnessed an alarming number of building collapses, causing significant loss of life and property. This paper critically examines the liability and responsibility of building owners in this epidemic, focusing on ownership practices, regulatory compliance, and the structural integrity of buildings. Through a mixed-methods approach incorporating secondary data and interviews, this study explores how negligent ownership practices and regulatory lapses contribute to these collapses. The findings suggest that inadequate compliance with building codes, the use of substandard materials, and corruption in regulatory bodies significantly exacerbate the problem. The paper concludes with recommendations for stricter enforcement of building regulations, improved transparency in the construction process, and a cultural shift toward accountability among building owners.
Keywords: Building collapse, Regulatory bodies, Building Owners, Built Environment, Structural Integrity, Poor materials, Corruption.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE AND MANDATORY CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE (MCSRD) OF LISTED CONSUMER GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA
*GODO, BITRUS; **EYIBIO OKON EKPE; ***BUKAR MUSA; & ****SARAYA AKAWU
*Accountancy Department, the Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria. **Department of Business Administration and Management, Cross River Institute of Technology and Management Ugep, Ugep, Cross River State, Nigeria. ***(Federal University Kashere, Gombe State). Accountancy Department, the Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria. ****Department of Business Administration and Management (BAM), the Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study examines the association between corporate governance and corporate social responsibility Disclosure (CSRD) of listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria. This study adopts an Ex-post Facto research design. The population of the study is all the twenty-one (21) consumer goods companies listed on the floor of the Nigerian Stock exchange. Data utilized for the study are collected from the annual reports of companies from 2014 to 2018. The study employs Binary logistic regression techniques for the analysis and the result show that Board size has a significant negative relationship with CSRD, Board composition viz-a-viz independence has a significant positive relationship with CSRD and Board diversity has a negative insignificant relationship with CSRD. The study concludes that an appropriate board is vital to an organisation CSRD. Based on the findings the study recommends that the board size should be relative small for it to be efficient, an appropriate mix of executive and non-executive directors is needed for strategic decision making and a less diverse board is appropriate for listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria to facilitate easy CSRD.
Keywords: Corporate Governance, Board Composition, Board Size, Board Diversity, Firms’ Size, Firms’ Leverage, Mandatory Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure, Consumer Goods Companies, Firms.
EFFECTS OF GUIDED- INQUIRY AND PROBLEM- SOLVING INSTRUCTIONAL APPROACHES ON BASIC- SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STUDENTS’ACHIEVEMENT AND RETENTION AMONG UNITY COLLEGES IN NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA
*OLAWUWO, ADEBOOLA FALILAT; **BELLO, RABIU M (PhD); ***BABAGANA MOHAMMED. (PhD); & ****ZUBAIRU, ADAMU (PhD)
*Integrated Science Department, FCT College of Education, Zuba Abuja **Department of Science Education, School of Science and Technology Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna. ***Department of Science Education, School of Science and Technology Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna. ****Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna.
Abstract
The study investigated Effects of Guided- Inquiry and Problem-solving instructional Approaches on Basic-Science and Technology Students’ Achievement and Retention among Unity Colleges in North Central Nigeria. Factorial 2x2x3 Experimental design was adopted for the study. The population of the study consisting of Sixteen thousand two hundred and forty (16240) Basic science and Technology students 111 (JSS3) from twenty four (24) Unity Colleges in North central, Nigeria. The sample size of 373 (198 male and 175 female) Junior Secondary School Basic Science and Technology Students of class 3 (JSS II1) were randomly drawn from three states of North Central (FCT, Niger & Nassarawa) Nigeria. The research instrument used was Basic Science and Technology Students’ Achievement Test (BSTSAT). The instrument was validated by Senior Lecturers in Science Education from University of Abuja and Senior Lecturers in Measurement and Evaluation from FCT College of Education, Zuba. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to establish reliability coefficient and 0.86 was obtained for the (BSTSAT). Two (2) research questions were raised with their corresponding null hypotheses. The research questions were answered using Mean ( ) and Standard Deviation (SD) while the null hypotheses were tested using Analysis of Co-variance (ANCOVA) and Sidak Post Hoc Multiple Comparison (SPMC). Results of the study reveals that Guided Inquiry (GI) and Problem Solving Approaches (PSA) had higher significant achievement mean scores than the Traditional Lecture method, it reveals that GI and PSA demonstrated a great enhancement on achievement mean scores of Basic Science and Technology students’ with different ability levels compare with their counterparts under Traditional Lecture method. Equally revealed from the study that GI and PSA influences the retention mean scores of Basic Science and Technology students significantly than the students under Traditional Lecture method. Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were made: Guided inquiry and Problem solving should be incorporated into the teaching method adopted to Basic science and Technology since it had the capability to enhance the students’ academic achievement and retention
Keywords: Ability levels, Achievement, Guided Inquiry, Problem- solving
EFFECTS OF INSECURITY ON TOURISM INVESTMENTS IN BAUCHI STATE
PATRICK OGUGUA ABENGOWE; & JOY UYO OCHALA
National Institute for Hospitality and Tourism (NIHOTOUR), North Central Zonal Campus, Makurdi.
Abstract
Security and safety of tourists have of recent become a most global concern and thus a major factor in tourists’ choice of destinations. The past decade and counting, Nigeria in general and the north in particular, have been witnessing unprecedented upsurge in crimes like kidnappings, abductions, terrorist attacks, political/religious uprisings, all of which have played roles in discouraging tourists from coming in the country, especially to the zones or States so affected. Bauchi State that prides itself as the Pearl of Tourism, now is a shadow of itself, as not many foreign tourists are too eager to venture into the State for any activity whatsoever. With the exception of petroleum and GSM businesses as well as foodstuff businesses, Bauchi State cannot boast of many industries that would have contributed to the state’s economic development. This study set out to investigate possible economic effects of this problem of insecurity. It was discovered that influx of especially foreign tourists to Bauchi State in the last ten years has reduced to almost zero and as a result, many businesses that otherwise would have benefited from the visits and activities of foreign tourists, through the much-needed foreign exchange and business opportunities. Similarly, the state government, which should have been the major beneficiary of the income generated by foreign tourists, is adversely affected in that the expected income from tourism for economic and general development of the State is lacking. At the end of the research, useful recommendations were proffered which, to enable stakeholders have a rethink and tackle the menace of insecurity for the overall development of the State.
Keywords: Tourism, Crime, tourist, insecurity, security, development
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT AMOUNTS OF EUCALYPTUS CAMALDULENSIS, EUCALYPTUS TORELIANA, AND Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ROOT RESIDUES ON THREE NATIVE TREE SPECIES’ SEED GERMINATION AND GROWTH IN THE SUDAN SAVANNAH, BAUCHI, NIGERI.
GARBA ADAMU; AHMAD IBRAHIM ALIYU; YAKUBU IBRAHIM; & MOHAMMED ABUBAKAR
Department Forestry and Environmental Technology, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the growth-inhibiting or -stimulating properties of leaf residues derived from Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus toreliana, as well as root residue derived from Eucalyptus camaldulensis, on three native plant species: Zizipus mauritiana, Adansonia digitata, and Annogeisus leiocapus. Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalypyus toreliana leaves and root fragment were collected from the flourishing population in Federal Polytechnic Bauchi Campus. The leaves and roots were, dried under shade, grounded, and weighed into 50g, 80g, and 120g portions. Each of these amounts was then mixed with 16 kg of barren soil and 1 kg of polythene pots were filled and stalked for each of the three species. After that, the three beds were watered for a week prior to the seeds being sawn. Annogeisus leiocapus only germinated under polypots containing 120g of E. camaldulensis (REC) root residue. Zizipus mauritiana and Adansonia digitata germination were favoured by the REC, leaf residue of E. camaldulensis (LEC), and leaf residue of E. tereliana (LET) at a moderate concentration of 80g. However, as the concentration increased or decreased, the number of days required for the seeds to germinate increased, and this also applied to the other growth parameters recorded. Consequently, both the root and leaf residue of E. camaldulensis and E. toreliana indicated significant impact on germination and growth of Adansonia digitata and Zizipus mauritiana, but Annogeisus leiocapus responded negatively to all treatments except REC 120g concentration. Additional investigation is required to better understand the impact of these residues on the germination and initial growth of these three native plant species.
Key words: Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus toreliana, leaf residue, root residue, germination and early development
ABSTRACT NO.3
IMPACT OF POLITICAL APATHY ON THE DEMOCRATIC PROCESS AND GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ELECTION IN OGUN STATE
- AKOJI, OKLAGBA RICHARD
Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos
Abstract
This study investigates the multifaceted impact of political apathy on the democratic process and governance in Nigeria, with a focus on local government elections in Ogun State. Through a descriptive research design, data was collected from 230 male and female adults in Ogun State, employing stratified and simple random sampling methods. Statistical analysis, including means and correlation analysis, was utilized to examine factors contributing to political apathy, manifestations of apathy, and its consequences on governance. The findings revealed widespread agreement among respondents regarding factors contributing to political apathy, including corruption, ethnic and religious divisions, and socio-economic disparities. Moreover, low voter turnout, limited civic engagement, and elite capture of political institutions are identified as manifestations of political apathy, undermining democratic principles such as representation and accountability. The consequences of political apathy on governance are profound, exacerbating socio-economic inequalities and eroding democratic legitimacy and accountability. Recommendations are provided to address these challenges, including comprehensive governance reforms, promotion of civic engagement, and initiatives to address socio-economic inequalities. These findings underscore the urgent need for proactive measures to combat political apathy and revitalize democratic governance in Nigeria, emphasizing the importance of transparency, inclusivity, and accountability in political processes.
Keywords: Democratic Process, Democratic Process, Governance, Ogun State., Political Apathy,
USING OPTICAL SENSORS AND IOT FOR REAL-TIME LEARNING ANALYTICS IN EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
DR ADU EMMANUEL IFEDAYO
Department of Educational Technology, Bamidele Olumilua University of Education Science and Technology Ikere
Abstract
The integration of optical sensors and the Internet of Things (IoT) in educational environments offers significant potential for enhancing real-time learning analytics. This paper explores how these technologies can provide valuable insights into student engagement, attendance, and learning outcomes, enabling educators to personalize learning experiences and improve educational outcomes. Optical sensors, such as photodetectors and image sensors, can unobtrusively monitor student behaviour and emotional states, while IoT devices facilitate seamless data collection and analytics. The paper highlights the benefits of real-time learning analytics, including personalized learning, improved student engagement, and timely interventions. However, it also addresses the challenges and ethical considerations associated with these technologies, such as data privacy, security, and bias. Through case studies, the paper demonstrates successful implementations of optical sensors and IoT in educational settings, showcasing their transformative impact on teaching and learning. Finally, the paper provides recommendations for effective implementation and explores future directions, emphasising the need for continued research and development in sensor technology, artificial intelligence integration, and ethical considerations. By leveraging optical sensors and IoT, educators can create dynamic and adaptive learning environments that meet the diverse needs of students, ultimately enhancing educational practices and student success.
Keywords: Optical Sensors, IoT, Learning Analytics, Real-Time Data, Educational Technology
GOVERNMENT SOCIAL INTERVENTION PROGRAMS AND ECONOMIC WELL BEING OF RURAL WOMEN: A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW
ABDULLAHI SALIHU MACHI; PAIKO I.I (PhD.); & DAUDA A.A (PhD.)
Department of Entrepreneurship and Business Studies, Federal University of Technology, Minna
ABSTRACT
Government social intervention programs play a crucial role in enhancing the economic well-being of rural women. This study aims to examine the effect of such programs on the financial empowerment, social mobility, and overall quality of life of rural women. This study will explore how these programs contribute to poverty alleviation, women’s entrepreneurship, and community development in rural areas. This study aims to review the dimensions of government social intervention programs as they contribute to the economic wellbeing of rural women. The dimensions of government social intervention programs in the current study include: microcredit and micro finance program, entrepreneurship development program, agricultural support program and social protection program. By providing evidence-based insights, the study aims to inform policy-making and program implementation to better address the needs and aspirations of rural women, ultimately contributing to their economic empowerment and sustainable development.
Keywords: intervention, empowerment, program, economic wellbeing. Sustainable development.
COMPARISON OF COUPLING TECHNIQUES ON TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION CO-SIMULATION WITH DISTRIBUTED GENERATION AND LOAD GROWTH
VICTOR OGBONNA NWABUGHOGU; AHMAD ABUBAKAR SADIQ; & MARK NDUBUKA NWOHU3
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The increased demand for electrical power causes challenges with new power system planning and operations. These challenges are deepened with the simultaneous integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and Load Growth (LG) in distribution networks. However, realistic and practical modelling and simulation of DER’s interactions under load growth with the Transmission and Distribution (T&D) networks is critical to assess the effects and advantages of DERs. This study thus, compared the different coupling techniques on transmissions and distribution co-simulation with Distributed Generation (DG) at varying loads. The T&D co-simulation test network comprises the Western System Coordinating Council (WSCC) 9-bus transmission network and the IEEE 16 nodes as the distribution network. Three coupling techniques; Decoupled (DC), Loosely Coupled (LC), and Tightly Coupled (TC), are simulated in MATPOWER environment, under DG penetration and load growth. The results show that the DC model is considerably less precise when compared to the LC model. The average percentage error in boundary variables was consistently 20 to 40 times worse in the DC model compared to the similar LC and TC models. Additionally, in both DC and LC models, the size of the percentage error in the power demand variable is greater than the magnitude of the voltage at the T&D Point of Common Coupling (PCC). This study provides valuable information on developing robust co-simulation frameworks essential for modern power grids, supporting sustainable energy transitions and enhancing grid resilience.
Keywords: Coupling Techniques, Modelling, Point of Common Coupling (PCC), Transmission and Distribution Co-Simulation, Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), Distributed Generation.
INTEGRATION OF BIOPHILIC DESIGN PRINCIPLES IN THE DESIGN OF A 5-STAR HOTEL IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
AHMED S.E.; OLAGUNJU R.E.
Department of Architecture, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria.
Abstract
Globally, hotels have over the years been a place of relaxation and wholesomeness. Generally, in Nigeria and Africa at large, a hotel is not commonly seen beyond a place to rest. This has limited hotels in the country to having a common goal and no sense of uniqueness. Biophilic design is an innovative approach that emphasizes the connection between people and nature by integrating natural elements, such as plants, water, and natural lighting into built environments. The study is specifically aimed at integrating biophilic design principles such as natural lighting, natural ventilation and natural landscape features with a view to create a more productive and healthier built environment in a five-star hotel. To achieve the desired objective, a descriptive research design was employed using a qualitative research method. Questionnaires were used to collect data qualitatively. Observations and case studies were used as primary sources of data, while a review on available literatures, documentations and textbooks were used as secondary sources of data. The findings suggest that by integrating biophilic design, luxury hotels can create health-promoting environments that stand out in the competitive hospitality market, offering an immersive experience that aligns with contemporary environmental consciousness and the burgeoning trend of wellness-centred travel. This project recommended that categorization of spaces, biophilic design principles as well as combining different suite orientation should be employed by architects to creatively and successfully integrate biophilic design principles in hotel designs.
Keywords: Biophilic design principles, five-star hotel, guest satisfaction, well-being, guest experience
ECOWAS PROTOCOL ON FREE MOVEMENT AND NIGERIA BORDER SECURITY
ANTHONY OFFIAH, Ph.D
Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imo State University, Owerri
ABSTRACT
This study focused on ECOWAS protocol on free movement and Nigeria border security. The study was carried out to determine the extent ECOWAS protocol on free movement of individuals and goods across borders has posed challenge to not only Nigeria but all the states in the region. The work used descriptive research design and only secondary data were sourced and used. The data collected were discussed qualitatively. The work discovered that there is significant impact of ECOWAS protocol on free movement on national security and public order concerns in Nigeria; and ECOWAS protocol on free movement affects security and investment in Nigeria. This is true because there has been cross-border insurgency/terrorism especially in the North East of Nigeria as exemplified by the nefarious activities of the Boko Haram terrorist group and other splinter sects such as Ansaru, and ISWAP. For that, the Protocol is lacking full implementation by member states till today because of the perceived problems it poses to their national security. The study recommends that there is need to revisit of ECOWAS protocol on free movement to correct the framework that has led to porous borders in the region. The study concludes that; the ECOWAS protocol on the free movement of persons and goods has contributed immensely to the worsening security situation in Nigeria.
Key Words: ECOWAS Protocol, Free Movement, Border Security, National Security, Public Order and Investment.
EFFECT OF MARKET ORIENTATION ON PERFORMANCE OF SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISES IN NASARAWA STATE
HALIRU MUSA HUSSAINI; & DANIEL ASHEDZI MERCY
Department of Business Administration and Management, Isa Mustapha Agwa I Polytechnic, Lafia Nasarawa State
ABSTRACT
It has been observed that the performance of small scale enterprises in Nigeria, specifically Nasarawa State are still below expectation some of them even collapse within the short period of their establishment while others struggle to be in existence despite the availability of the resources and market and/or business opportunities. The germane of all this could be as a result of ineffective market orientation of the small scale businesses operators. It is as a result of this that this study seeks to investigate the effectiveness of market orientation adopted by small scale businesses operators in Nasarawa state, Nigeria. This study adopted a survey research design, the population of this study comprised of 1816 registered small scale enterprises in Nasarawa State (NSMTII, 2021). Out of which the sample size of 394 was determined using Taro Yamane sample size formula and purposive sampling technique was used to select the respondents. The study adapted questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to analyze the data collected. The study found that customer orientation and inter-functional coordination has positive and statistically significant effect on performance of small scale enterprises in Nasarawa state, while, competitor orientation and market information system has positive and insignificant effect on performance of small scale enterprises in Nasarawa State. The study concludes that market orientation influences the perfsormance of small scale enterprises in Nasarawa state. The study thus recommended among others that Small-scale enterprises in Nasarawa State, Nigeria should improve on their competitor orientation practice by way of monitoring and gathering information about their competitors. By understanding the competitive landscape, businesses can identify areas of differentiation, potential threats, and opportunities for improvement.
INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) ON THE PERFORMANCE OF QUANTITY SURVEYOR IN FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, ABUJA, NIGERIA
1AHMED ALIYU TANKO, & 2JIBRIN MOHAMMED KABIRU
1Department of Business Administration & Management, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. 2Department of Quantity Surveying, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.
Abstract
ICT is expected to enhance and provide quality services to users at the time that the services is seriously needed but this is often not achieved because the proportion of users needing the services on a daily basis continues to increase and the available capacity to meet the challenges is grossly inadequate and construction industries has a great influence on our daily activities. The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of ICT on the performance of quantity surveyors in Abuja. Survey method was adopted with and data for the work were gathered through questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi square was used to test the formulated hypotheses. A population of 487 quantity surveyors and a sample of 295 were drawn using Yamane’s (1967) simplified formulae. The findings showed that ICT adoption has significant effect on the performance of quantity surveyors in Abuja while ICT tools commonly used have significant effect on the performance of quantity surveyors in the region and speed, accuracy, and cost management have no significant effect on the performance of quantity surveyors in Abuja. In light of these, it was recommended that government, professional bodies, and construction firms in Abuja should encourage quantity surveyors to adopt ICT tools, Training programs should be introduced to enhance the technical skills of quantity surveyors in using modern ICT tools and quantity surveyors should be encouraged to adopt specialized tools that are directly related to their work.
Keywords: Accuracy, cost, ict, performance and quantity surveyor.
AN ASSESSMENT OF TRANSPORTATION NETWORK AND ITS ASSOCIATED PROBLEMS IN NIGERIAN CITIES
1ZAINAB MOHAMMED ZAKARI, 2 ZAINAB DALHATU MOHAMMED AND 3 SULEIMAN ABUBAKAR
1&2Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Environmental Studies, Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, Zaria. Kaduna State. 3Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Environmental Science Technology Federal Polytechnic, Mubi. Adamawa State.
Abstract
The concept of transport system is broad in perspective. It can be seen as an entity consisting of various component parts (the input, output, and process units) which are expected to work together (inter-relate) so as to effectively achieve the goal/objectives of the system. It involves the mode of travel/services provided as well as the channels along which one travels/ terminal facilities, the users and stakeholders. The study assess transportation network and its associated problems in Nigerian cities. The concept of urban transportation, characteristics of urban transportation, public transportation in Nigeria, case studies of urban transportation in Nigerian urban areas and benefits of urban transport in the society are discussed .Data was collected through a desk study. The study concludes that for there to be an improved urban transport system, there is a need to ensure result-oriented integration of transport modes in the country. The study recommends improvement of governance that would ensure active involvement of stakeholders through public hearings, meetings, forums, consultations, strategy development and public feedback with proper implementation of policies among others.
Keywords: Transportation, transportation network, cities, modal split, paratransit
EDUCATIONAL VALUE SYSTEM AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN NIGERIA
SIMEON, NORMAN A. (PhD); & IBINABO STEPHEN KOROYE
Department of Educational Foundations, School of Education, Isaac Jasper Boro College of Education, Sagbama, Bayelsa State.
ABSTRACT
Values is a philosophical concept, diverse in nature and controversial concept. Different schools of thought differ issues like definition of value, forms, classification of value, subjectivity and objectivity of value, what is of value etc. Despite its controversial nature, it still widely acknowledged as an influential factor in the affairs of human beings. This study examines the contentious issue on its implications on the educational system in Nigeria. The Study views values from the philosophical perception, and highlighted how moral Education can be used to re-oriented the values of Nigerians. Conclusion and some recommendations were made to include that moral education should be included in our Curriculum.
Key Words; Education, Value System, Implications, Nigeria.
REPOSITIONING OF KUDUNDUDU CULTURAL FESTIVAL FOR ECONOMY DIVERSIFICATION IN NASARAWA STATE
*BAKO ANGO ZAMANI; **DONATUS, EVEREST AKALAZU (PhD); & ***HAFSAT MAHMUD HUSSAINI
*New Keffi Hotel Ltd, Keffi Nasarawa State, Nigeria. **Department Of Tourism Management Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi. ***Department Of Tourism Management Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi
Abstract
This study investigated cultural festival of Kudundudu of Nasarawa state. The specific objective were to determine the extent to which cultural tourism Kudundudu cultural festival, cultural festival and unemployment and economy potential of tourism in Nasarawa state. Adopting a survey research design and suing questionnaire as the major research instrument, data generated for the study were quantified using 4-point measurement scale. These data were analyzed using descriptive and Karl Pearson Product Movement Correlation analysis; the result revealed that repositioning of Kudundudu cultural can be a source to reduce unemployment which will lead to revenue generation. Also cultural festival is one vibrant sector which is capable of diversifying the economy into an independent, industrialized, creative and self-generating in Nasarawa state
EFFECT OF POWER OUTAGES ON SELECTED SMEs PERFORMANCE IN KADUNA STATE
ADAMU AHMED GIREI; AISHATU UMAR FARUK; & MUSA LAWAL SALIHU
Department of Business Administration and Management Federal Polytechnic Mubi
ABSTRACT
This study investigates the effect of power outages on small-scale businesses in Kaduna State from 2013 to 2023. Specifically, it examines the effect of power outages and SMEs’ productivity, profitability, product service innovation, business growth, and job security among 4658 Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Kaduna state registered with the State Chamber of Commerce. The sample size of 358 SMEs was selected for this study based on Taro Yamane approach. Contrary to the researchers’ expectations, the results reveal that power outages significantly affect SMEs’ productivity, product service innovation, and business growth. However, findings failed to show significant effect between power outages and SMEs’ profitability and job security. It was concluded that power outage among small scale businesses in Kaduna state has contributed to the decline in productivity and product service innovation. It was recommended that the business operators should invest in backup power sources and explore alternative energy sources in order to improve productivity and efficiency, as well as established workflows and processes to optimize time management in Kaduna north local government area, Kaduna State. These findings highlight the critical areas where power reliability influences SMEs performance and suggest a need for targeted interventions to mitigate these effects.
Keywords: Power Outage, SMEs Productivity, SMEs Profitability, SMEs Growth
SOLID WASTE IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER – A CASE STUDY OF TAMMAH DUMPSITE, NASARAWA LOCAL AREA, NASARAWA STATE
1ALABI, J.O., 1MUHAMMAD SANI ALIYU, 1ABDULKADIR SABO OSU, 1 HAMZA HAMZA MUSA, 2ANUMIRI CHUKWUMA EMMANUEL
1Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa. Nigeria 2Department of Agricultural and Bio-Env’tal Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, Nigeria
ABSTRACTS
‘Water is life’ is a globally articulated maxim that conveys the indispensability of water resources in the sustenance of lives on earth which has underground/or groundwater as one of its key sources. In a third world country like Nigeria, one of the challenges confronting the majority of its growing population is water quality related. Consumption of contaminated water often manifest in debilitating health problems. Therefore, quality analysis of ground water prior to consumption requires focused attention in order to stem the spiralling tide of water borne diseases in our evolving communities. It is against this backdrop that this paper: “Solid Waste Impact on the Quality of Groundwater – A Case Study of Tammah Dumpsite, Nasarawa Local Government, Nasarawa State” is premised. Parameters such as Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Nitrate and Nitrite, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Zinc, Total Coliform (TC), Temperature, pH, among others were investigated for groundwater quality. The sources of groundwater used were from five (5) boreholes located at radius 10 m, 20 m, 40 m, 60 m and 2 km from the dumpsite and labelled A, B, C, D and E respectively. Specimen/or sample E served as the ambient/ or control. The result showed that the ambient specimen was leachate-free having a Dissolved Oxygen (DO) of 0.56 mg /L with a pH value 7.9 confirming its suitability and potability in line with the World Health Organisation (WHO) standards for drinking water. The DO values: 0.30 mg /L, 0.25 mg /L, 0.20 mg /L, 0.24 mg /L were obtained at points A, B, C, D, respectively with an average TDS value greater than the permissible World Health Organization standards which is suggestive of contamination induced by the dumpsite making the groundwater unsuitable for household consumption within the study area whose daily source of primary water supply is dependent on this resource. Therefore, the need for treatment prior to use becomes imperative and inevitable.
Keywords: Dumpsite, Groundwater, Population, Solid waste, Tammah
EXPLORING DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC FINTECH IN NIGERIA
KABIR IBRAHIM
Department of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic, Bali
Abstract
Government initiatives, start-ups, and customers are driving force behind the growth of Fintech ecosystem. Thus, Islamic FinTech can be best enhance through proper supervision by regulatory authorities and strong Shari’ah board. This paper aims to explore the existence of Islamic FinTech in Nigeria and gives some recommendations, if any, to improve Islamic FinTech development in the country. It uses qualitative methodology to extract information from stakeholders such as; regulators and operators, using semi structured interview. This research finds that the CBN and SEC both play important roles in regulating Islamic FinTech even though they haven’t released any regulations that specifically address it. Islamic FinTech can best be develop through Islamic banks in Nigeria, however, these banks, do not specifically operate Islamic FinTech. With regards to existence or otherwise of Islamic FinTech this study received mixed reaction about Islamic FinTech existence in Nigeria. Some are on the view that there is no different between Islamic FinTech platforms and conventional FinTech so long it does not infringe on the sharia guidelines, while others are on the opinion that FinTech must certified the requirement of Islamic principles, as such there exist no Islamic FinTech in Nigeria.
Keywords: Islamic Fintech, Banks, Regulators, operators, Shari’ah, ecosystem
ABSTRACT WITHOUT PROCEEDING
ETHICS AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS
SANUSI MOHAMMED FARI
Department of Public Administration, Taraba State University Jalingo
Abstract
This study investigates ethics and accountability in public organizations, exploring the extent to which ethical principles influence accountability in governance. The research adopts a descriptive survey design, combining both qualitative and quantitative approaches to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter. The primary source of data consists of structured questionnaires administered to public servants in various government institutions, while secondary data is sourced from academic journals, reports, and books on public sector ethics and accountability. The study population includes middle and senior-level management officers in public organizations, and a sample size of 200 respondents is determined using stratified random sampling. The data collection process involves the administration of the questionnaires, followed by interviews to corroborate the quantitative findings with qualitative insights. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages are employed to analyze the data, while inferential statistics, specifically regression analysis, are used to examine the relationship between ethics and accountability in public organizations. The findings indicate a significant positive relationship between the adherence to ethical standards and the level of accountability in public institutions, highlighting that ethical behavior among public servants leads to increased transparency, improved service delivery, and reduced corruption. The study concludes that the promotion of ethical values is crucial for enhancing accountability in public organizations, and it recommends the implementation of stringent ethical guidelines and regular ethical training for public officials as a way to foster a culture of accountability.
Keywords: accountability, ethics, governance, transparency and public organizations.
SERVICE FAILURE AND ITS EFFECT ON CONSUMERS ADOPTION OF ELECTRONIC BANKING IN BAUCHI STATE
1OLALEKAN OLUKEMI OLUYEMISI; & 2JOHNSON AYANWUYI
1Department of Banking and Finance, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi. 2Department of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi.
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to determine the effect service failure has on the adoption of electronic banking in Bauchi State, Nigeria. The need for quick and efficient service delivery of banking services has led to the development of electronic banking. The e-banking which has become a major part of the banking institutions, still faces various challenges which has led to the slow acceptance of e-banking amongst customers in Bauchi, Nigeria. As a result of this, there is need to find out the causes of these challenges and how it affects customers. The objectives of this study were to examine the relationship between service failure and adoption of electronic banking, access the level of confidence on the adoption of electronic banking, and identify service failure outcomes of electronic banking in Bauchi, Nigeria and to determine customer rate of reaction to failed services. To achieve these objectives, 196 questionnaires were administered to customers of five banks (First Bank, UBA, GT Bank, Access Bank and Zenith Bank). The study adopted survey research design. Data were analyzed using the Pearson chi square and one sample t-test. The findings revealed that 64.8% of respondents experience service failures using e-banking. It was further revealed that more than half of the respondents i.e. 51% do not have confidence in their bank’s e-service. The findings also showed that slow network, wrong debit of account, inadequate working ATMs, inability of the ATMs to dispense cash, were some of the service failure outcomes faced by respondents. The study recommended that training on e-banking features, use, and benefits should be given to customers as it will significantly improve the customer’s acceptance and feedback on e-banking services. Banks should also ensure that their e-channels be made available at all times and cut down on excessive charges on e-transactions.
Keywords: Service Failure, Consumer adoption, Electronic banking.
THE POTENTIAL OF EXTENDING THE SHELF LIFE OF MEAT BY ENCAPSULATION WITH RED CLAY
ONUOHA, OGBONNAYA GIDEON ADESANYA, DOROTHY OLUWATOSIN AND ISHAQ, HAFSAH YUSUF
Department of Food Science and Technology, the Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Nigeria.
Abstract
Meat is a perishable food of good nutrition. Meat ranks among the most significant, nutritious, and favored food items available to most locals. It is a good source of protein (17-19%), depending on sources, and contains appreciable amounts of fat and moisture. However, it has a very short shelf life due mainly to its high moisture, fat, and other nutrient contents. Meat spoilage can result from microbial proliferation as well as inherent enzymes in the meat tissues. Bacteria contamination and permeability to both oxygen and water vapor are major concerns associated with spoilage of meat and its storage. Packaging is fundamental in the preservation and presentation of food. Red clay is a very common substance; hydrous aluminum phyllosilicate, sometimes with varying amounts of iron, magnesium, alkali metals, alkaline earth, and cation formed from sedimentary rocks. Furthermore, red clay is an extremely absorbent material and develops plasticity when wet due to the molecular film of water surrounding the clay particles but can become hard, impervious, brittle, and non-brittle and non-plastic when dry. In developing countries, the high cost of refrigeration technologies and most other methods of preserving meat are exorbitant and thus can be substituted with the less expensive and readily available red clay for the preservation of meat. 1000g of lean meat was diced into cubes of 10g each. The sample was then divided into four groups labelled raw meat (RMC); raw in 10% brine solution (RMB), boiled meat (BMC), and fried meat (FMC). It was then encapsulated with 2mm thick red clay and then heated in a muffle furnace at a temperature of 600OC for 30min. The samples were kept on a bench top for 30 days, and a storage study was carried out. Our findings showed a decrease in value during storage for the physiochemical properties of all the sample; pH values decreased [RMC (7.05-7.6), RMB (8.46-7.0), BMC (6.0-5.0), FMC (4.08-3.9)]; free fatty acid content decreased with storage time [RMC (32.6%-31%), RMB (30.2%-28.6%), BMC (30.5%-27.4%), FMC (25.6%-23.8%)]; total soluble solid value decreased [RMC16.20-15.07, RMB (17.22-16.04), BMC (17.05-15.54), FMC (15.3-14.9)]. This result shows that encapsulation with red clay reduced all the values analyzed and thus has the potential to extend the shelf life of stored meat.
Key words: Red Clay, Encapsulating, Shelf life, Physicochemical properties, Lean meat