THEME: INCLUSIVE AND INTEGRATED STRATEGIES FOR AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

DATE: 20^th APRIL, 2023

VENUE: UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN, UNIBADAN, OYO STATE, NIGERIA

ORGANIZERS: HUMMINGBIRD PUBLICATIONS AND RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL

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CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS:

EFFECTS OF CULTIVAR AND AGE OF MOTHER-PLANT ON THE VIABILITY AND VIGOUR QUALITIES OF FOUR BELL PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.) PLANTS.

MUSTAPHA, A., IBRAHIM, H., GANA, A.S., SALAUDEEN, M.T. & ADEDIRAN, A.O.

Department of Crop Production, Federal University of Technology Minna

ABSTRACT

Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important fruit vegetable belonging to the family Solanaceae. The demand for this crop as a vegetable has increased especially in the urban centres, however, availability of quality seeds for sustainable production to meet the high demand has become a big challenge. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of cultivars and ages of mother-plant on the viability and vigour of bell pepper seeds. The experiment was arranged in a 4 × factorial using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The factors were four cultivars of pepper and 6 plant ages. The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Department of Crop Production, Federal University of Technology Minna in 2020. The seeds were stored in an incubator set at 37 C and 75% relative humidity to accelerate the aging process for 8 weeks and the following parameters were tested weekly; seed germination percentage, seed vigour index and seed leachate electro-conductivity. The seeds of “Dan Damaso” and harvesting physiologically matured fruits when the mother-plant was 99 days old produced seeds with superior germination and vigour in the study.

EFFECT OF PERIODS OF COMPOSTING OF MEDIA ON THE WEED INCIDENCE AND THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L)

^1*OSADEBE, VIVIAN OGECHI, ²UNAGWU, BENEDICT O.,  ¹DAUDA, NATHANIEL, ¹ODO, JOSEPH OBINNA,¹OKOYE, CHIKA MARYROSE AND ³EDE, AMOS EJIKE

¹Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria. ²Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria. ³Department of Agricultural Education, Federal College of Education, Eha-Amufu, Enugu State.

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2018 at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka located in the derived savanna agro-ecology of Southeastern Nigeria. The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of seven (7) growth media and duration of composting on weed incidence and on the growth and yield of Tomato. The seven (7) media were composted for two different durations which gave a total of fourteen (14) treatments. The duration of composting was 4 and 8 weeks respectively. The seven-growth media used and their ratio were; T1= Rice husk dust + Poultry manure + River sand (3:2:1), T2= Top soil + Poultry manure + River sand (3:2:1) as control, T3= Top soil + Poultry manure + River sand (2:3:1), T4= Top soil + Poultry manure + River sand (1:2:3), T5= Sawdust + Poultry manure + River sand (3:2:1), T6= Rice husk dust + Poultry manure + River sand (2:3:1) and T7= Sawdust + Poultry manure + River sand (1:2:3).  One variety of Tomato (TIMA) was evaluated using the seven (7) growth media composted at two different periods (4 and 8 weeks respectively). They were laid out in complete randomized design (CRD) with seven replications. The objectives were to ascertain the optimum composted media for growth and yield of tomato and to check the incidence of weeds in the composted media. The study revealed that the media composted for 8 weeks had early seedling emergence, higher fruit weight and fewer weed weight and population when compared with the other media composted for 4 weeks. T2 growth medium recorded significantly higher values for plant height (46.30 cm), number of branches (1.50), number of leaves (17.14) and stem girth (1.44 cm). It could be concluded from the study that T2 and T4 growth media provided positive results for vegetative and reproductive growth of tomato and therefore should be recommended for efficient production of tomatoes in containers.

Keywords: growth media, compost, duration, weed population, weed biomass.

FORMATION EVALUATION WITH HIGH RESOLUTION LOGGING IN SELECTED   NIGER DELTA WELLS

¹ELI GOODLOOK ²AKPOTURI PETERS AND ³ADALI FRANCIS EROMOSELE

¹Department of Petroleum Engineering, Federal University Otuoke , Bayelsa State. ²Department of Petroleum Engineering, Delta State University of Science and Technology Ozoro. ³Department of Petroleum Engineering, Igbinedion University , Okada

ABSTRACT

Field trial with the Magnetic Pulse Inc. (MPI) Extended Range High Resolution tool (XHR) is currently ongoing in some major oil Companies of Nigeria. Objectives of the trials are to ascertain the overall performance of the tool and its applicability in the Niger Delta sandstone area when compared to conventional resistivity logs. The XHR is an induction tool which uses pulsed power to provide the source electromagnetic fields. The pulsed source of the XHR generates power bursts exceeding 20 million watts, compared to the steady sinusoidal source flew of about 150 watts produced by conventional induction tools. Its high power, extended transmitter-to-receiver spacing and the data processing by an entirely new, sophisticated inversion algorithm are the special features which give it a claim to deep investigation and high vertical resolution superior to conventional induction and later log tools. To date the XHR has been logged in three wells in xyz companies (one vertical and Iwo deviated with deviation ranging between 20 to 30 degrees). Preliminary results from field tests show that MPI’s claim that the tool can resolve 1 foot layers is tenable. Using Shell proprietary resistivity tool modeling software, One was able to verify that the XHR gave a good representation of formation resistivity. Comparison of hydrocarbon saturations estimated from both XHR and Dual laterolog resistivities indicate that evaluations in laminated sand/shale sequences using the laterolog can be pessimistic. As such sequences are abundant in the Niger Delta, the application of modern XHR logging technology offers scope for increasing reserves and hydrocarbon in place estimates in some Nigerian oil and gas reservoirs/fields. Despite the encouraging results, the XHR also has some shortcomings. An artefact of the tool is occasional high resistivity spikes. In addition, the tool response in some clean hydrocarbon sands shows reduced resistivity readings which are yet to be adequately explained. More trials are still planned.

Keywords; Logs , Deviated well , Sand , Shale , Hydrocarbon, Reserves, Resistivity, Pulse, Laterlogs, Saturation ,  Induction tools, Niger delta sandstone, and clean formation   

EVALUATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN ACHIEVING A NET ZERO ENERGY DESIGN IN OFFICE BUILDINGS IN ABUJA, NIGERIA.

M.K. MOHAMMED and S.N. Zubairu

Department of Architecture, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria

ABSTRACTS

Buildings and building construction sectors combined are responsible for over one-third of global final energy consumption and nearly 40% of total direct and indirect CO2. In Nigeria, energy consumed by buildings (both medium- and high-cost residential and commercial) is mainly due to cooling systems, such as air conditioning, and lighting. This research is aimed at evaluating energy efficiency in achieving a net-zero energy design in office buildings in Abuja, Nigeria. The descriptive and case study approaches were used for exploratory studies with little or no interest in finding out the relationship between the identified variables. Two case studies were observed: the headquarters of the Federal Ministry of Works and Housing in Mabushi, Abuja, and the Nigerian Communication Commission in Plot 423, Aguiyi Ironsi Street, Maitama District, Abuja. Case studies allow one to present data collected from multiple methods (i.e., surveys, interviews, document reviews, and observation) to provide a comprehensive record of the structures under consideration. The assessment was carried out through visual surveys, observation, and a checklist on the application of these outlined principles to the net-zero energy project under study. As earlier outlined, these principles are the principles of the building envelope, natural lighting, natural ventilation, site and external spaces, building form, wall and window shading, and an existing energy source. The findings as regards shading for the two case studies show that the use of horizontal and vertical louvres was very inadequate; the use of interior blinds was very adequate; the use of recessed walls was moderately adequate; the use of overhangs was very inadequate; and the use of plants was very inadequate. The findings In terms of building orientation, the two case studies show that orienting the longer sides of the building to face north and south was inadequate. The energy-efficient building systems for the two case studies were similar; as regards ventilation, the use of CO2 sensors to control operable windows was insignificant. As regards lighting, the use of energy-saving light fixtures was significant, the use of vacancy sensors was moderate, and separating primary lights from task lights was insignificant. And the use of daylight controls was insignificant. The study concludes that for a significant reduction in total energy consumption by office buildings, design should focus on multiple design options rather than concentrating on one or a few building elements. Moreover, the investigation confirms that energy performance modeling can be used by building designers to take advantage of the sun and to evaluate various design options.

Keywords: Buildings, Design, Energy, Efficiency, Net Zero, Office

ASSESSMENT OF MOTHER SATISFACTION WITH HEALTH CARE SERVICE IN SPECIAL BABY CARE UNIT IN JUMMAI ALIYU BABANGIDA MATERNAL AND NEONATAL HOSPITAL MINNA, NIGER STATE

DARANGI, LAMI GIRMACHE; GIMBA IBRAHIM; AHMADU AISHATU; & UMAR BALKISU

Niger State College of Nursing Sciences, School of Midwifery, Minna

Abstract

Patient satisfaction refers to the fulfillment, expectation, needs, desires with regards to newborn care in health facility. Lack of common language between mother and health care provider, long waiting time, policy of payment for health services is major challenges an satisfaction of health care services in hospital. This study therefore assessed mothers satisfaction with health care service in Jummai Babangida Aliyu Maternal and Neonatal Hospital Minna. The study is expected to create awareness among mothers on the need for continuous relationship with health care professionals. The findings will also serve as a reformation quality of care and strategies for improvement according to patient point of view. One hundred (100) samples were randomly selected from the Jummai Babangida Aliyu Maternal and Neonatal Hospital, Minna, Niger State from mothers whose babies were collected using questionnaires and their response were analyzed and presented in tables and figures. The study revealed satisfaction among mothers on the service provided in neonatal unit but are not pleased with the atmospheric condition in the unit. The study revealed factors that influence the satisfaction as non-usage of technical words, privacy and empathy, support among others. The study revealed the need to reduce the cost of service delivery and there should be subsidized cost of medical supplies and services as well as timely provision of services.

Keywords: Assessment, Satisfaction, Mothers and Services

EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION ON SELF-EMPLOYMENT (A CASE STUDY OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP CENTRE, IBB UNIVERSITY LAPAI)

DARAMOLA, ELIZABETH LARA

Department of Business Administration and Management, School of Business and Management, the Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State

ABSTRACT

Entrepreneurship education is introduced into Nigeria educational system to provide the necessary skills, competence, understanding, and prepare the Nigeria graduate for self-reliance, thereby contributing in nation building.  Hence, the study examined major dimensions of entrepreneurship Education in Entrepreneurship Centre, IBB University Lapai. Data obtained for analyses was obtained through self-administrated questionnaires. The result obtained indicates that entrepreneurship education is a good policy and it has positive effect on self-employment. This study recommends that students should be encouraged beyond entrepreneurship school training projects to business ventures startups at small and medium levels. Also the polytechnic management should make entrepreneurship as real as possible for students. Government should facilitate and enable students and graduates to prepare them for private sector management. This will stimulate self-employment drives and mindset among graduates and entrepreneurs.

Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Education, Self – Employment

IMPACT OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT AND CORRUPTION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA

BASHAR GELE MUHAMMAD AND NURA MUSA

Department of Social Science, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna- Nigeria

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of human capital development and corruption on economic growth in Nigeria. The study employed Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillip Peron (PP) tests, Johansen Cointegration test and Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) to analyse the data spanning from 1996 – 2020 sourced from World Development Indicators (WDI) and Transparency International. The empirical results show that human capital development has a significant negative effect on economic growth while corruption has a significant positive effect on GDP per capita. The results further reveals that the interaction variable has a negative and significant effect on economic growth in Nigeria. Therefore, the study conclude that human capital development and corruption have significant effect on economic growth in Nigeria. The study recommends among others that government should strengthening institutions of Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC), Independent and Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC) and Court of Conduct Bureau (CCB) in Nigeria.

Keyword:  ADF, ECM, TROP, Economic growth.

IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA UNDER DEMOCRACY

ISERE, VICTORIA OSHUARE MERAB; EHIGHEBOLO, IZIN ANNE; AND MOMOH, ABDULRAHEEM

Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of General Studies, Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi

Abstract

Since the market mechanism failed to effectively and efficiently allocate resources in the 1930s, Government expenditure has become an important instrument in the functioning of economies.  The Keynesian economists advocated for this first when they called for government intervention in the running of the economy.  This study was done to examine empirically how government expenditure impacts the economic development of Nigeria by disaggregating government expenditure into capital and recurrent expenditure.  The analysis was done using Ordinary Least Squares technique on data spanning the recent democratic period of 2000 to 2021.  Gross domestic product growth rate (GDPR) of Nigeria used as a proxy for economic development was regressed on Capital expenditure (CAPEX), recurrent expenditure (RECEX), inflation rate (INF), interest rate (INT) and dollar exchange rate for the naira (EXCH).  CAPEX, INF and EXCH were found to be statisticallt significant in both the long and short runs while RECEX was not significant in both the long and short runs.  Capital expenditure having a positive impact on economic growth in Nigeria called for the need for government to increase capital expenditure considerable so as to inprove economic development of Nigeria amongst others.

FEMALE WRITERS IN MODERN AFRICAN LITERATURE A STUDY OF SEFF ATTAS EVERYTHING GOOD WILL COME AND AKACHI ADIMORA EZEIGBOS ROSES AND BULLETS

OKORO HENRY OKECHUKWU

Department of languages, Federal Polytechnic Oko Anambra state

Abstract

This study examines the works of two female writers in modern African literature: Sefi Atta’s “Everything Good Will Come” and Akachi Adimora Ezeigbo’s “Roses and Bullets.” Through a close analysis of the novels, this study explores how the authors portray the experiences of women in Nigeria, the challenges they face, and the strategies they use to overcome them. However, this research work exposes the various cases and conditions noted to the African women in their different societies in Africa. This study becomes a yardstick through which these African female writers like Sefi Atta and AkachiAdimora-Ezeigbo project the lives of those women in Africa who are under such unfavourable conditions. Through the events and actions of their characters, they picture African women as they censure in a world of realism. Through the lenses of feminism, the said cultures and traditions humiliated the African women in both Everything GoodWill Come and Roses and bullets. Conclusively, this research work is based on the previous facts raised by other researchers to bring to light the evils of African traditions and their effects on women using feministic approach as its theoretical frame work. The study also highlights how the authors use their writing to challenge patriarchal norms and highlight the resilience of women in African societies.

CITIZENSHIP AND GOVERNANCE: EFFICACY OF THE RELATIONSHIP IN NIGERIA

*SADIQ ABUBAKAR ILELAH; **BALA UMAR PhD; & ***MURTALA USMAN ALIYU

*Department Of Public Administration, School Of Business Studies, Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi. **Department Of Public Administration, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State – Nigeria. ***Department of General Studies, Bilyaminu Usman Polytechnic, Hadejia, Jigawa State-Nigeria

Abstract

The relationship between government and its citizens seeks to answer the questions of the origin of the organized political system and the legitimacy of the authority of the state. It assumes that government exists at the behest of the citizens. Therefore, the relationship is principally based on the reciprocity between the government and the citizens for a harmonious functioning of the society. This study focuses on the dimension of the government-citizen relationship, in which it attempts to provide philosophical basis for the existence of the state and offers justifications for political obligation. The paper dwell solely on secondary data. The paper revealed among others that, the Nigerian government and its citizens are often found wanting when it comes to exercise of political obligation as contained in the constitution. This paper suggests that the Nigerian state should be governed on the basis of commonly shared principles of justice and equity, while the governed should rise to their responsibilities for a better functioning of the society.

Keywords: citizenship, governance, constitution, political obligation, patriotism, welfare

SECURE MEDICAL IMAGE ENCRYPTION USING TWOFISH ALGORITHM

*ZAKKA, BENISEMENI ESTHER; *JOSEPH MAMCHAK ZINGTIM; **GLORIA NGOZI JOLA; & *RILWAN ALI ZIRA

*Computer Science Department, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi, Nigeria. **Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi, Nigeria

Abstract

Medical images contain sensitive and confidential information that must be kept secure to protect patient privacy. In recent years, the use of digital medical images has increased, and with it, the need for secure image encryption. In this paper, we propose a new method for encrypting medical images using the Twofish algorithm. Twofish is a symmetric key block cipher that provides high security and efficiency, making it an ideal choice for medical image encryption. Our proposed method applies the Twofish algorithm to each pixel of the medical image, providing a high level of security and protection against unauthorized access. We evaluate the proposed method using several performance metrics, including encryption time, decryption time, and encryption quality, and compare it to other encryption methods. The results show that our proposed method provides high levels of security and efficiency, making it a promising technique for medical image encryption.

Keywords: Medical Image; Encryption; Twofish Algorithm; Decrypt

STYLE AND LITERATURE IN ORAL LITERATURE A STUDY OF TALES FROM IGBERE

OKORO HENRY OKECHUKWU

Department of Languages, Federal Polytechnic Oko, Anambra state

Abstract

This study focuses on the analysis of the style and literary techniques used in the oral literature of Igbo culture, specifically, tales from Igbere. Oral literature is a significant aspect of African culture and tradition, and it serves as a means of communication, entertainment, and education. The study uses a close reading approach to analyze the language, themes, and narrative techniques used in the tales. The findings reveal that the tales are characterized by the use of proverbs, metaphors, similes, repetition, and other literary devices. The tales also demonstrate the importance of storytelling in Igbo culture and its relevance in teaching moral values, preserving cultural heritage, and providing entertainment. Furthermore, the study highlights the role of oral literature in shaping the literary landscape of Africa and underscores the need for its preservation and promotion. Overall, this study contributes to the body of knowledge on African oral literature and provides insight into the style and literary techniques used in Igbo tales from Igbere

AN ASSESSMENT OF CUSTOMERS SATISFACTION WITH FACILITIES MANAGEMENT SERVICES IN COMMERCIAL PROPERTIES IN ABUJA, NIGERIA.

ADEKUNLE, KEHINDE OLANIKE

Department of Estate Management & Valuation, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. [First avenue, 1311 crescent, Joseph Waku street, House 18.Gwarinpa estate, Abuja].

Abstract

Within the facilities management setting, customer requirements captures the ability of the facilities management company to provide quality services, the effectiveness of their delivery, and overall customer service and satisfaction. Successful businesses make enquiries on how best to satisfy their customers, listen to the answers and act on it. This study is to access customers satisfaction with facilities management services provided in selected commercial properties in Abuja, Nigeria. 5 major commercial buildings and  262 respondents were sampled using a simple random technique. Data was obtained from primary and secondary sources. The study adopted questionnaire survey approach to collect qualitative data which were ranked for easy analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS) .The satisfaction index was calculated to measure the level of satisfaction of the customers, hypotheses were tested using Spearman correlation statistics. Findings revealed that facilities management is an important management and business service used by organisations as part of their strategy to provide a competitive edge against others in the area of satisfying customers’ needs. It was recommended that service providers are to provide quality service that would meet the expectations of the shop occupiers/tenants. The study concluded that inhouse and outsourcing were the most used strategies in providing facilities management services both in terms of cost and customers satisfaction.

Keywords: Customers satisfaction, facilities management, commercial properties, quality services, strategies.

SKILLS IMPROVEMENT NEEDS OF ELECTRICAL TECHNICIANS IN THE MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRONIC INTERLOCKING AND SIGNALLING   SYSTEM IN ABUJA-KADUNA RAILWAY STATIONS.

YUSUF, VICTOR MAIMUTANI; GARBA, ALIYU USMAN; & WAHAB, BAMIDELE KAREEM

Department of Industrial and Technology Education Federal University of Technology, Minna.

ABSTRACT

The study assessed the skills improvement needs of electrical technicians for the maintenance of electronic interlocking and signalling system in Abuja-Kaduna railway stations. Four research questions guided the study while four null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. Relevant literatures were reviewed in line with the objective of the study. The study employed a descriptive survey research design. The population for the study comprised 75 respondents, 10 engineers and 65 electrical technicians from the Department of Signal and Telecommunications of the Nigerian Railway Corporation in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja and Kaduna State. The population size is manageable therefore, there was no sampling. Structured questionnaire titled “Skills Needed for the Maintenance of Electronic Interlocking and Signalling System by Electrical Technicians Questionnaire” was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts, (one from Electrical Electronics Technology option of the Department of Industrial and Technology Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna, one from Signal and Telecommunications Department of the Nigerian Railway Corporation Abuja and the other from Electrical Electronics section in the Department of Technical Education, College of Education Minna). The results obtained were subjected to reliability measurement using Cronbach Alpah which gave reliability coefficient indices of 0.784, 0.763, 0.848 and 0.791 for sections A, B, C and D respectively with a grand reliability co-efficient index of 0.80, hence indicating that the instrument was reliable and appropriate for collection of data for the study. The study revealed among others that, Integrated Circuit skills, embedded system skills, automated system skills and safety skills are needed for the maintenance of electronic interlocking and signalling system of the Abuja-Kaduna Railway stations. Based on the study therefore, the study recommended training and retraining of technicians and engineers in line with the evolving trends in railway interlocking and signalling system. The study also suggests that automated test devices be made available for training and maintenance purposes.

ECONOMIC PLANNING IN ENGINEERING PRACTICE IN THE 21ST CENTURY NIGERIAN SOCIETY: A PARADIGM SHIFT

VEN EGESI JONATHAN .C.; CHIAGOROM VICTOR.C.; OHAURIO LUCKY.C.; & OHAGWAM ANGELA.O

Abstract

Various scholars from different backgrounds, angles and perspectives have defined the concept of planning. For our purpose here, we shall be taking planning as the working out in broad outlines what you intend to achieve, when and how to achieve such. That said, may we state that economic planning is an important key when we talk of any nation that desires to progress. That implies that you cannot do well nor go far if you first and foremost do not sit down and agree on what actually it is that you want to achieve. Here in Nigeria, the major problem that we are facing is not basically planning, our problem lies in implementation. This treatise is of the view that planning Engineering practice and appropriately too is something that will definitely fuel and to a very large extent engender development and developmental efforts. There has several appraisals on planning of the engineering practice in Nigeria in recent times and even before, but it has been discovered that much needs to be done if actually we need to get it right and achieve the kind of development that we crave .This singular fact is the main reason nfor this study. Several data collection techniques as oral interviews, journals, periodicals, textbooks and the internet were used in putting together data for analysis. The Structural-Functionalist theory was used as theoretical framework for this study, thereafter, conclusion was drawn.

Keywords: Economic Planning, Engineering Practice,21^st Century, Nigeria.

BOARD ATTRIBUTES AND RISK DISCLOSURE OF QUOTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS COMPANIES IN NIGERIAN STOCK EXCHANGE

SALAU AYO RAHMAT; SALAU OLORUNTOBA NASIR & MOHAMMED YABAGI IBRAHIM

Department of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State

Abstract

Good old days accounting scandals, the 2007/2008 global financial crisis and the recent collapse giant companies across the globe have initiated the need for vibrant risk management and high quality of risk reporting through sound corporate governance. Corporate governance codes have recognized the need to improve corporate risk disclosure and provide guidance for such disclosures. Understanding the drivers for firms to disclose risk-related information may assist regulators and standards setters in promoting both the spread and the improvement of such disclosures through the issuance of corporate governance codes and reporting. This study responds to recent calls for more research on this grey area by empirically examining the effect of board attributes on risk disclosure of quoted industrial goods firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. This study adopts Ex post facto research design. The population of the study comprised of all the 13 listed industrial goods firms at the period of study. Data were extracted from the published financial statements of the industrial goods companies, covering a period of ten (10) years from 2011 to 2020. Risk disclosure was measured using Dichotomous “1” if a company discloses risk in the financial statement “0”otherwise.  The study employs logistic regression as the technique of analysis with the aid of STATA version 16 as a tool for analysis. The results indicate that board independence, board size and board gender diversity all have significant effect on the extent of risk disclosure on industrial goods companies listed on Nigerian Stock Exchange. The study concluded that, the composition is a viable corporate mechanism for improved voluntary disclosure on industrial goods companies. This study recommends that the Nigerian industrial goods sector composed of boards with diversities such as gender, expertise, nationality especially the independent directors who can bring their experiences to bear in making decisions in respect to risk information disclosures.

Keywords: Board Independence, Board Size, Board Gender Diversity, Risk Disclosure, Industrial Goods Firms, Nigeria.

ORGANIZATION OF AFRICAN UNITY/AFRICAN UNION: ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES TOWARDS REGIONAL INTEGRATION

INUWA ALIYU BOBO; AND ABUBAKAR MOHAMMED

Department of History, A.D. Rufa’i College of Education, Legal ND General Studies, Misau

ABSTRACT

This paper examined the achievements and challenges of the OAU in the light of its initial objectives the transition to African union (AU) and the achievements of the AU in the face of new challenges of development and integration confronting the continent. The paper argued that the OAU was highly successful in assisting liberation movements across Africa resulting in the independence of territories that were still under colonial rule, the ending of white minority rule in other territories, the dismantling of apartheid in South Africa and mediation of conflicts within member states. The paper also outlined some of the challenges that militated against the efforts of the OAU and, later AU, which include the need to free the continent from the shackles of underdevelopment, corruption, bad governance, poverty and diseases.

KEYWORDS: Achievement, Challenges, Regional Integration, Organisation, OAU, AU

COMPARATIVE UNDERSTANDING OF SMART CITY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA’S URBAN TRANSPORTATION.

ANYANWU I.U.; OKOYE VERONICA; AND DIMKPA CHIOMA.

Department of Urban and Regional Planning and SGI;Abia state Polytechnic Aba.

Abstract: 

The issues of Smart city concept is recent but well studied, its definition is as much as the number of field of studies, though it is first conceptualised as an ICT solution to city challenges but today, it is well extended to every aspect of urban management. This paper examines the concept as a development approach to city challenges and reviews one of its domain ‘smart mobility’ in the light of transportation challenges in Nigerian cities. It is discovered that application of the concept in Nigeria will be limited by the level of ICT infrastructure, absent of a national policy guideline and poor investment in transport infrastructure. The paper recommends development of a national guideline for integrated transport development; establishment of a city structure that will coordinate and promote investment with innovative funding that will support ICT-infrastructure in the transport sector.

KEYWORDS: Smart City, contemporary, Development, city, mobility, urban liveability.

THE TRAGIC AND THE SUPERNATURAL – IN ELEVHI AMADIS THE GREAT POND AND THE CONCUBINE

OKORO HENRY OKECHUKWU

Department of Languages, Federal Polytechnic Oko, Anambra state

Abstract

This study examines the use of the tragic and supernatural elements in Elevhí Amadi’s novels, “The Great Pond” and “The Concubine.” Through a close analysis of the novels, this study explores how the author employs these elements to convey the complexity of the human condition in traditional Nigerian society. The tragic and the supernatural are key issues in African literature. The sense of the tragic is embedded in the belief that man is not happy by nature. The concept of the supernatural and the tragic have been explored by writers and critics of African literature from different perspectives. This study however looks at the tragic as a mode of experience. The influence of fatalism on the characters in the selected texts suggests that man is helpless before external powers that determine his destiny. The actions and inactions of the characters bring them to the fulfillment of their destinies. Amadi in the selected texts presents the supernatural as a force that regulates the activities of men within his fictional world. The researcher’s examination of concepts such as the quest myth, fatalism and determinism brings to the fore the relationship between the tragic and the supernatural.

DEVELOPMENT OF A TEXT-TO-SPEECH SYTHESIS SYSTEM

OLADEJO RACHEL ADEFUNKE

Ogun State Institute of Technology, Igbesa Ogun State

Abstract

Text-to-speech synthesis or recognition, sometimes known as TTS, is a technique that turns any input text into intelligent and natural-sounding speech. The conversion of text to speech is a very helpful hardware and software technique used in numerous applications, including voice monitoring systems for the blind, online browsers, mobile phones, Desktops, and laptops, among others. It facilitates the automatic transformation of a text into speech that most nearly matches a native speaker of the target language reading that text. The TTS system receives text as input, analyzes it using a computer algorithm known as the TTS engine, pre-processes it, and then uses some mathematical models to synthesize voice. Typically, the output of the TTS engine is sound data in an audio format. There are two primary stages to the text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis process. The first is text analysis, in which the source text is converted into a phonetic or other linguistic representation; the second is speech waveform generation, in which the output is created using this phonetic and prosodic data. Common names for these two stages are high-level synthesis and low-level synthesis.

Keyword: Text-to-Speech, synthesis, text analysis

EFFECT OF JOB SATISFACTION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES IN AN ORGANIZATION: A STUDY OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC, BAUCHI

*BALA UMAR PhD.; & **SADIQ ABUBAKAR ILELAH

*Department of Public Administration, School of Business Studies Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi. **Department of Public Administration, School of Business Studies, Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi

ABSTRACT

Organizations are always striving toward ensuring job satisfaction, as it remains a vital instrument for retention and dedication of workers. This study assessed the effect of job satisfaction on the performance of employees in Federal Polytechnic Bauchi. Specifically, the study sought to determine whether job satisfaction affects employees’ performance in Federal Polytechnic Bauchi and to assess the extent to which job satisfaction affects employees’ performance in Federal Polytechnic Bauchi. Data were gathered from both primary and secondary sources. Questionnaire and interview were used as instrument for primary data collection. The sample size was determined using KC and Morgan (1970) model. Simple regression was used in testing the hypotheses. The study revealed that there is a strong connection between job satisfaction and employees performance as it  has significantly increased the level of employees’ performance in Federal Polytechnic Bauchi. The paper therefore, recommended that the management of Federal Polytechnic Bauchi should continue to maintain good relationships with the employees, provide adequate facilities needed by employees to work effectively, pay high salaries and formulate acceptable operational policies.

Keywords: Job Satisfaction, effect, employees’ performance

IMPACT OUTSOURCING ON FIRM’S PERFORMANCE: A STUDY OF TUYIL PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY, ILORIN KWARA STATE

*KAYODE ABIODUN DANGANA Ph.D; **OLORUNMAIYE OLATUNBOSUN; ***ABDULRASAQ RASHEED; & ***JIMOH MUTIAT OMOLARA

*Procurement and Supply Chain Management Department, Kwara State Polytechnic,Ilorin. **School of Business, The Federal Polytechnic, Ado Ekiti. ***Department of Procurement and Supply Chain Management, federal Polytechnic, Offa

ABSTRACT

This study examined the impact outsourcing on firm’s performance, using Tuyil pharmaceutical company located in Ilorin metropolis as the case study. With the population of 435, sample size of 205 employees was arrived at using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table of sample size determination. Multiple linear regressions analysis was employed on data collected. Among the findings were that there is significant relationship between the hiring and firm’s sustainability with a p-value of .000 and Beta=.540.  Also, contracting has significant effect on firm’s sustainability with a p-value of .000 and Beta .429. The study concluded that outsourcing measured by hiring, contracting have a significant and positive influence on organizational performance. This implies that outsourcing enables organizations to focus on their core business objective, reduce and control operating costs, improve the firm’s focus, help the firm gain access to world-class capabilities and as well as help an organisation in sharing risks, among others. The study recommended that Firm should endeavor to provide more frameworks for selecting outsourcing vendors that will benefit the organizations in the area of need to avoid financial crisis. Organization managers should agree that successful outsourcing requires a shift in their mindset, which means that they should manage their outsourcing vendors and workers in order to improve on efficient product/service quality and as well as product/service delivery and the organization performance, among others.

KEYWORDS: Outsourcing, Hiring, Contracting, Sustainability

THE FEMALE PROTAGONIST AS NATION BUILDER IN CHINUA ACHEBE’S ANT HILLS OF THE SAVANNAH

OKORO HENRY OKECHUKWU

Department of languages, Federal Polytechnic Oko Anambra state

Abstract

This study discusses the portrayal of the female protagonist, Beatrice, as a nation builder in Chinua Achebe’s “Anthills of the Savannah.”  The floundering of post-independent African nations is an offshoot of the failure of devoted engagement of the task of nation-building by post-independent African leaders, thus bringing in its trail tremors, corruption, poverty, oppression, exploitation, dictatorship and underdevelopment. Characteristically, in his allusive and suggestive language which challenges the reader to make discovery through self-examination and reflective thinking, Achebe beams light on the flawed approach to nation-building by post-independent African nations coupled with a panacea in Anthills of the Savannah. Towards a stable and developed post-independent African nation (typified by Kangan) using the post-colonial theory in the textual analysis and explication of Chinua Achebe’s Anthills of the Savannah, this research sees Beatrice the female protagonist who has moral, intellectual and mythical capabilities as a nation-builder equipped to develop and defend the post-colonial identity and dignity, reverse the downward developmental trend and arrest the progressive degeneration in the task of nation-building in post-independent African nations. Through Beatrice character, Achebe challenges traditional gender roles and demonstrates that women can be powerful agents of change in their communities and countries. Beatrice’s unwavering commitment to justice and her willingness to risk everything to achieve it make her an essential character in the novel and a role model for women everywhere. This study concludes that Achebe’s portrayal of Beatrice highlights the importance of women’s contributions to society and their potential for nation-building.

MORPHOMETRY ANALYSIS AND ITS HYDROLOGICAL IMPLICATION IN IBI DRAINAGE BASIN, IBI LOCAL GOVERNMENT, TARABA STATE.

ANDOKARI AMATAKITSWEN AND ABDULKADIR AISHETU

Department of Geography Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria

­­ABSTRACT

Drainage basin analysis based on morphometric parameters is vital for watershed planning and management. Morphometric analysis of watersheds is the best method to identify the relationship between various aspects of the area. This study applied the Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) approach of morphometry analysis of Ibi basin using 30m resolution Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The morphometric parameters of the basin include the linear, aerial, and relief aspects. The study results show that Ibi drainage basin is the 5th-order basin respectively. The stream network shows a dendritic pattern, indicating homogeneity in texture and a lack of structural control in the study area. Stream number (Nu) is 493, stream length (Lu) is 1,384.28, The mean bifurcation ratio is (4.90), circularity ratio (0.26), and elongation ratio (0.04), the length of overland flow is (0.97), indicating matured topography and low surface runoff in the study area. The low drainage density (0.52km/km2) and low stream frequency (0.18) indicate low relief (0.328), low surface flow, and, consequently, low erosion and flood potentials of the basin. Infiltration (0.20), and ruggedness number (21.563), indicating that the basin area is prone to erosion and flooding. The study concluded that the susceptibility of Ibi drainage basin to erosion and flooding is moderate. The study recommends that efforts should be put in place by the Government to implement a robust agro-forestry program and enlighten households and the public on deforestation, overgrazing, adaptive measures, and the dangers inherent in indiscriminate refuse dumping in waterways.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN USER’ S SATISFACTION WITH OUTSOURCED FM SERVICES IN DALHATU ARAF SPECIALIST HOSPITAL LAFIA, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA

BITRUS AYUBA¹, ADEYINKA RUKAYAT BEWAJI¹, DONATUS ADAMU LUCAS², JOSEPH AUDU², ALFAZAZI MOHAMMED OKUGYA³

¹Department of Estate Management, Bingham University Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria ²Department of Architecture, Bingham University Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. ³Department of Estate Management, Baze University Abuja, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

The study aimed at assessing the relationship between user’s satisfaction with outsourced facilities management services and work motivation with a view to enhancing staff satisfaction in work place using DalhatuAraf specialist Hospital lafia. Survey research was carried out through the use of questionnaire instrument. A total of three hundred and fifty (350) questionnaires were administered to staff, out of which three hundred and four (304) were retrieved. The Stratified sampling technique was adopted for the study, while data obtained from the field were analyzed using statistical packages for social sciences. The study found out 9 FM services to be completely outsourced in the hospital. these includes;  plant maintenance and repairs, general cleaning services, waste disposal services, landscaping maintenance, security services, office furniture and stationary provision, catering car park maintenance and restroom management. In addition, the findings indicated that there was a strong positive correlation between staff satisfaction with outsourced FM services and work motivation as the r value = 0.392 which is significant at 0.01 level (2-tailed). The study recommends that hospitals and companies alike should exploit the option of outsourcing not only for FM services but also other none core services to have a competitive advantage.

Keywords: Satisfaction, Facility Management and Outsourced service