TIMBOU-AFRICAN ACADEMIC INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY (TIJERAT)
VOL. 10 (5) AUGUST, 2022 EDITION. ISSN: 2707-5654
Published by:
TIMBOU-AFRICAN ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS,
Centre for African Development Studies, Federal Ministry of Education, Abuja, FCT-Nigeria.
APPLICATION OF CORRELATION AND REGRESSION ANALYSIS IN THE PREDICTION OF COMPACTION CHARACTERISTICS USING ATTERBERG LIMIT AS AN INDEPENDENT VARIABLE.
1T.Y. AKANBI,1* A.S HABIBU,1* A.A ALIYU, 2* O. KENNEDY
1Dept. of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Ground Communication Engineering, Airforce Institute of Technology (AFIT) Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria. 2Dept. of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger state, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The study focuses on the application of correlation and regression analysis in the prediction of compaction characteristic using Atterberg limit as an independent variable. The software used in the analysis is Minitab, from the correlation analysis, the plasticity index has poor correlation with every other parameter and as such was omitted from the regression analysis. Soil samples from twelve (12) borrow pits at dept 1.5m were collected along Ebia river of Ebonyi state Nigeria. The soil was subjected to compaction, the compaction characteristic was carried out using British standard light (BSL) and Atterberg limit was also determined for each sample. The coefficient of correlation between plastic limit versus liquid limit, optimum moisture content versus liquid limit, and optimum moisture content versus plastic limit are 0.937, 0.986, and 0.936 respectively. R-square (R2) value of 97.35% was obtained when regression analysis was conducted with optimum moisture content being dependent on liquid limit, and plastic limit as independent variable. while R-square (R2) value of 72.13% was obtained when regression analysis was conducted with maximum dry density being dependent on optimum moisture content, liquid limit, and plastic limit as independent variable. The equations developed are listed below:
OMC = -15.55 + 0.816 LL + 0.097 PL
MDD = -0.696 + 0.1634 LL – 0.0478 PL – 0.1530 OMC
Keywords— Correlation, regression, liquid limit, plastic limit, optimum moisture content, maximum dry density.
CASSAVA PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND UTILIZATION IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW
PROF. MUSA, S.M.1, SAMUEL, E. B.2, SANI, M.3, MARI, E.2
1Department of Agricultural and Bio-Resource Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, P.M.B. 0248, Bauchi State, Nigeria. 2Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Technology, School of Agricultural Technology, Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. 3Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Technology, School of Engineering Technology, The Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism. Food is usually meant for human beings, animals and plants and should contain the essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins or minerals. Food substances are digested by an organism and assimilated by the organism’s cells to provide energy. However, preservation of food remains a big problem affecting many crops including cassava. This study is aimed at reviewing the level of cassava production, processing and utilization in Nigeria.Cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) is a starchy tuberous root crop belonging to the family of Euphurbiaceac. After rice, sugarcane, and maize, it is the fourth source of dietary energy in the tropical region and the ninth globally. Nigeria is currently the largest producer of cassava in the world with an annual output of over 34 million tons of tuberous roots.Indeed, it is grown by almost every household in Nigeria. Some of the principal recommended cultivated varieties in Nigeria include; TME419, TMS90257, TMS 91934, TMS81/00110, TMS82/0066. Machines for cassava processing are made to replace the hand-operated method (manual) and to increase output to attain the required demand for food, fiber, and materials. Suitable mechanization and automation are vitally needed to achieve the desired end product which include among others the following: garri, flour, apku, (fufu), dan wake, chips, starch, bread. Cassava performs five main roles: Famine reserve, Rural staple food, Cash crop for urban consumption, Industrial raw materials and Foreign exchange. Constraints in cassava production include a wide range of technical, institutional and socioeconomic factors. These include pests and diseases, agronomic problems, land degradation, shortage of planting materials, food policy changes, access to markets, limited processing options and inefficient/ ineffective extension delivery systems. Cassava is a major source of carbohydrates in human diet. It is widely cultivated and serves as a major source of income in countries like Nigeria, Brazil, India and most West African countries. The tubers of cassava cannot be stored longer after harvest before decaying. Due to this short storage period of the tubers, cassava tubers are further processed into other forms to enhance its storage and to serve other purposes.
KEYWORDS: Cassava, Garri, Production, Processing, Utilization
EFFICIENT HYBRID LOAD BALANCING ALGORITHM IN CLOUD COMPUTING
*BABANI SANI; **ABDULKADIR MAIGARI TURAKI; ***SALAMATU UMAR; & ****SAIFULLAH IBRAHIM WAZIRI
*Department of Mathematical Sciences, School of Science, Bauchi State University, Gadau. **Department of Computer Science, Federal Polytechninc, Bauchi. ***Department of Computer Science, College fo Agriculture, Ganye, Adamawa State. ****Executive Director and other Revenue, Gombe State internal Revenue Services
ABSTRACT
An essential requirement in cloud computing environment is the efficient algorithm that will allow the current jobs to be executed with the given constraints. The algorithms should order the jobs in a way where balance between improving the quality of services and at the same time maintaining the efficiency and fairness among the jobs. It is a new solution and strategy to achieve high availability, flexibility, cost reduced and on demand scalability. However, cloud computing has many challenges such as poor resource utilization which has deep impact in the performance of cloud computing. These problems arisen due to the huge amounts of information sharing between users. So, there is a need for efficient and powerful cloud computing load balancing algorithms in order to improve the performance of cloud computing. This research work proposes a hybrid algorithm to improve the performance and efficiency in cloud computing environment. The hybrid algorithm has been evaluated and compared with other algorithms using CloudAnalyst simulator. The proposed algorithm has been tested and the experiments results showed that our algorithm improves the cloud system performance by decreasing the response and the data center processing time compared with other algorithms.
Keywords: Cloud Computing, Load Balancing Algorithm, CloudAnalyst, Response, Time, and Processing Time.
DESCRIPTION OF INFORMATION AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING PROJECT FOR A DIGITAL CITY: A CASE STUDY OF KATSINA STATE
ENGR. AUWAL RABIU DANSHARIF1 & SULAIMAN RABIU DANSHARIF2
Department of Electrical Engineering, Kano State Polytechnic, Matan Fada Road, Kano State.
ABSTRACT
Information and telecommunications engineering projects available are big challenges in some of the cities related. Local planning as well as development focused on quality of living and of course efficaciousness of public contributions and management. This challenge needs attentions of everybody in the society. The study focus on the description of information and telecommunication engineering projects from the planning of a useful digital city Katsina, Nigeria. It was built as a telecommunications infrastructure of the kind of open access metropolitan area networks that allows the integration of people in a single telecommunications environment. The research methodology was a case study. The results achieved describe, by means of a methodology, the phases, sub-phases, approval points and resulting products, and formalize their respective challenges and difficulties. The contributions have to do with the practical feasibility of the project and execution of its methodology. It was concluded that the importance of the project, implemented and embraced, as a gadget to help the development and management of cities of Katsina, in the implementation of strategic digital city telecommunication engineering projects for public management, and to improve the quality of and lives of the citizens. Government should provide maintenance services that will help in overhauling the Open Access Metropolitan Area Network in Mani Local Government Area of Katsina State. Powerful Open Access Metropolitan Area Network should be provided for an extension to villages in Mani Local Government Area of Katsina State.
Keyword: Description, Information, Telecommunications, Engineering, Digital.
COMPARISON OF HYBRID SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES AND HOLT WINTERS EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING MODELS IN AIRLINES PASSENGERS’ TIME SERIES FORECASTING
1MOHAMMED SALISU ALFA, 2ALHAJI ISMAILA SULAIMAN 2ABUBAKAR MUHAMMAD AUWAL,
1Department of Statistics, The Federal Polytechnic, Bida. Niger State. 2Department of Statistics, Nasarawa State University, Keffi. Nasarawa State
ABSTRACT
Hybrid Support vector machines (SVMs) and Holt Winters Exponential Smoothing (HW) model is a promising method for the time series forecasting. This paper therefore attempts to compare the potentiality of the hybrid model with the single SVM and HW models using the Airline passengers’ data for the analysis to obtain the desired results. The performance measure of evaluation criteria shows that HW model has MSE of 996.10, MAE of 44.64 and coefficient of correlation (R) of 0.75; SVM model has MSE of 925.92, MAE of 25.24 and R of 0.89 and the hybrid model produced 463.72 for MSE, 17.15 for MAE and 0.96 for R. The hybrid model produced the overall minimum error and maximum correlation coefficient which outperform both SVM and HW models in the study. The hybrid model also recorded 149.3% and 35.9% improvement over HW and SVM models respectively. Various results show that hybrid model likewise provides a promising alternative to airlines passengers’ data for the time series forecasting.
Keywords: – Hybrid, SVM, HW, Time series, Forecasting
ANALYTICAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF GSM BASED REMOTE CONTROLLER FOR SMART HOME APPLICATION
OLADOSU. D.A1 ONI, S. O2., OYEDOKUN, O. M3
1Department of Computer Engineering, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. 2Department of Electrical Engineering, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. 3Department of Electrical Engineering, Ibarapa Polytechnic, Eruwa, Oyo state, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Remote management of home and office appliances is a subject of growing interest in recent times. Similarly, this work demostrates a means which enables the users to control home and office appliances from remote, using Dual Tone Multifrequency (DTMF) of a cell-phone based circuit which can be interfaced with Central Control Unit of a residential house to automate the building, it also keeps the users informed on the status of electricity by aids of monostable multivibrator incoporated without employing any microcontroller. The signal is triggerred through auto-redial of ordinary cell phone. In other to improve design efficiency and provide insight into the behaviour of this circuit, a simulating tool was effectively used and results obtained were recorded and compared with the respective theoretical values and that of built cicuit, making the implemented system to be of good quality with affordable cost and performs the desired functions.
Keywords: Automation, GSM, DTMF, Remote, Interface, Signal.
EFFECT OF VIBRATION ON CONCRETE STRENGTH USING NIGERIAN PORTLAND LIMESTONE CEMENT GRADES 32.5 AND 42.5
1OLORUNFEMI K.O, 2ASEBIODE M.O AND 3 BABA BENJAMIN
Department of Civil Engineering, Institute of Technology, Kwara State Polytechnic, P.M.B 1375, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Department of Civil Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Oko, Anambra State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This paper investigated the effect of vibration on the properties of concrete produced with different Nigerian Portland-Limestone cement grades (32.5R and 42.5N). Various tests were carried out on the constituent materials; Dangote Portland cement of two grades (32.5R and 42.5N{3x}), river sand and crushed granite stones. Concrete were prepared to 1:2:4 and 1:1.5:3 ratios for both vibrated and non-vibrated concrete. 60 concrete cubes of 150 x150 x 150 mm3 were moulded and cured for 7,14, 28 and 35 days .Workability and compressive strength tests were carried out on the wet and dry concrete respectively . The results reveal that the consistency, initial and final setting time for 32.5 grade of cement varies from that of 42.5N grade. The compressive strength of concrete increases as the age increases for both grades at 1:2:4 and 1:1.5:3 mix ratios. Also concrete produced with cement grade of 32.5R have a lower compressive strength compared with the 42.5N grade of both vibrated and non- vibrated concrete for both grades 1::2:4 and 1:1.5:3 mix ratios. Vibrated concrete produced a denser and a higher compressive strength concrete compared to non-vibrated concrete due to the considerable reduction of voids and the lower rate of water absorption. It is recommended that the users of cement be mindful of the grade of cement in-use so as to achieve a targeted strength. More so structures like water retaining structures, bridges, slabs, beams columns e.t.c which require high compressive strength should be made with 42.5N grade and be properly vibrated.
Keywords: Cement, Vibrated Concrete, Aggregate, Curing, Compressive strength.
EVALUATION of DESIGNED and DEVELOPED DETACHABLE NATURAL CONVECTION SOLAR DRYER for TOMATOES (Solanum lycopersicum ) in KADUNA, NIGERIA
1MUHAMMAD R. S., U. B. AHMAD2 AND H. M. GARBA3
1Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, Nigeria. 2Department of Soil Science, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil Kano, Nigeria. 3Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal College of Agricultural Produce of Technology, Kano, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This research work titled “Development of a Detachable Natural Convection Solar Dryer for Tomatoes (Solanum Lycopersicum ) In Kaduna, Nigeria” was carried out to allow for drying of tomato, to reduce vegetable loss and to improve their quality. The dryer which is detachable basically consist of solar collector, drying chamber and chimney. Three different varieties of tomatoes with two cuts orientations (traverse and longitudinal) of 100kg each to evaluate the dryer to obtained the drying rate. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive statistics; analysis of variance and drying rate curved of each of the variety were plotted. Beyond 5 hours of drying time, significant moisture removal was observed reaching a maximum value of 11.52kg/h at corresponding time of 8 hours for V1C1 and 10.32kg/h for V1C2 also within the same drying time. This means that an increase in moisture removal of 1.2kg was recorded between traverse cut and longitudinal cuts of Chivilli variety of tomato, also beyond 5 hours of drying time, significant moisture removal was observed reaching a maximum value of 10.26kg/h at corresponding time of 8 hours for V2C1 and 9.98kg/h for V2C2 also within the same drying time. This means that an increase in moisture removal of 0.28kg was recorded between traverse cut and longitudinal cuts of Grafto variety of tomato Beyond 5 hours of drying time, significant moisture removal was observed reaching a maximum value of 9.78kg/h at corresponding time of 8 hours for V1C1 and 11.38kg/h for V1C2 also within the same drying period. This means that an increase in moisture removal of 1.6kg was recorded between traverse cut and longitudinal cuts of UTC variety of tomato. The analysis of variance indicates that there is no significant difference in the mean values of the treatments.
Keywords: Developed dryer, variety of tomatoes, cut orientation, drying time, moisture content
EFFECT OF BLENDING AND ANTIOXIDANTS ON THE STORAGE STABILITY OF BIODIESEL PRODUCED FROM NIGERIAN GROWN JATROPHA CURCAS
BASHIR, A. A; HAWAWU S.; & LAMIDO, S. I.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Biodiesel consists long chain fatty acid alkyl esters produced from animal fat, vegetable oils or used cooking oils. It is eco-friendly and regarded as a promising renewable fuel substitute for diesel. However, the major drawback of biodiesel is its susceptibility to oxidation due to the presence of unsaturated fatty acids in the parent oil. The Nigerian Jatropha curcas biodiesel (NJCB) fails to meet the minimum oxidation stability limit (IP of 6 hours) without antioxidant. Blending with petro-diesel as well as the addition of antioxidants leads to a composition having efficient and improved oxidation stability. The results have shown that blending of NJCB with diesel with less than 20% (v/v) would not need any antioxidants. Varying quantities (50 ppm, 100 ppm and 150 ppm) of Pyrogallol (PY) antioxidant were added to the pure biodiesel B100 and blends B10, B20 and B30. The optimum amount of antioxidant (PY) for the samples was found to be 100 ppm.
Keywords: jatropha curcas, biodiesel, oxidation stability, blends, antioxidants.
APPLICATION OF VERTICAL ELECTRICAL SOUNDING FOR INVESTIGATION OF GROUNDWATER POTENTIALS IN MULLENG COMMUNITY, SONG LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA
SULEIMAN SANUSI1; SULEIMAN UMAR MAGAJI1; AHMED BUBA SELI1; & BUBAKARI JODA2
1Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Adamawa State Polytechnic, Yola. 2Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Kaltongo
ABSTRACT
This survey was undertaken to delineate the aquiferous zones in Mulleng community, Song L.G.A, Adamawa State, Nigeria. The depths, thicknesses, and resistivities values of the aquifers at various locations within the area were determined. The study employed the technique of Vertical Electric Sounding (VES) using the Schlumberger Array. Based on the study, the area is underlain by Basement Complex rocks. This study delineated parts of the Basement where sustainable amount of groundwater can be found. The area is made up of five (5) localities/wards namely: Nyibango, Kuro-Lamorde, Balbal, Degene and Gantake. It is situated about 7 km East of Song, along Song – Zumo Road and lies between the geographic co-ordinates of Eastings 1004500 and 1006000 mE (33p) and Northings 0249300 and 0250500 mN in Universal Traverse Mercator (UTM), which covers an area of about 18 km². The VES delineated a maximum of four subsurface geological units consisting of the topsoil, weathered layer, the Fractured Basement and the Fresh Basement rock. The weathered and the Fractured Basement layers form the aquiferous units with an average resistivity/thickness value range of 69.76 – 213.60 Ωm and 10.52 – 27.94 m respectively. In some areas however, an average depth range of 5.7 – 27.4 m. Four locations labelled NY1 (Thickness 27.94 m and depth 27.40 m), KL2 (Thickness 23.13 m and depth 22.40 m), BL3 (Thickness 10.95 m and depth 10.10 m) and GT2 (Thickness 27.51 m and depth 25.80 m) with appropriately thick overburden recommended for the drilling of productive boreholes for the community.
Keywords: Groundwater, Aquifer, Electrical Resistivity, Vertical Electric Sounding and Schlumberger Array
PARAMETER DETERMINATION AND ONLINE TURNING OF PID CONTROLLER FOR SPEED CONTROL OF A DC SERVOMOTOR
ABDULQADIR MAHMUDU JADA1, ISMAILA ABUBAKAR BOBBOI2, ALJAZULI TAHIR ABDULLAHI3
1Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technology, Adamawa State Polytechnic, Yola, Nigeria. 2National Board for Technical Education, Kaduna, Nigeria. 3Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Servomotors play a vital role in both our domestic and industrial appliances. To achieve their desired performance however, it is necessary to overcome its related control problem due to parameter variations. In this research work, parameter determination algorithm is developed and employed to determine the moment of inertia and friction coefficient of DC servomotor at no load and under dynamic load variations. The results obtained shows that, the determined values of friction coefficient of the motor vary linearly with load torque, the higher the load torques the higher the values of friction coefficient needed to maintain the acceptable performance of the system. Also, the estimated value of moment of inertia of the motor is directly proportional to the load torque, the higher the load torque the higher the moment of inertia of the motor needed to maintain the acceptable performance of the system.
Keywords: Servomotor, Moment of Inertia, Friction Coefficient, PID Controller, Load
DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF MULTICAST ONLINE RADIO APPLICATION WITH RECOMMENDATION FACILITY USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE
1A.D. ADENIYI, 2Y.J. GWANI, 3J.B. OKPE
1Department of Computer Science, College of Science and Technology, P.M.B. 2021, Kaduna Polytechnic, T/Wada, Kaduna, Nigeria. ,32Department of Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, ,P.M.B. 2021, Kaduna Polytechnic, T/Wada, Kaduna, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
In resent time, there has been an upsurge of interest in the field of internet and digital radio. The popularity of live streaming application on the internet is increasing daily with capability to host hundreds of radio channels online. However, the challenges now are difficulties in locating a favorite channel and program of interest, within a short period of time, low coverage, couple with the fact that most of the existing application in this area are highly bandwidth intensive and delay sensitive, therefore increase data consumption and bandwidth usage. To alleviate the identified challenges of these existing radio applications, this work seeks to design and develop a novel method of presenting an efficient, cost effective and easy to use means of listening to some selected radio channels online to the users through the development of a multicast online radio application with recommendation facility using Manhattan distance based, K-Nearest neighbor (MD-KNN) Machine leaning techniques. The present work is capable of presenting multiple radio channels to the users using multicast technology with ability to recommend channels and program of interest to the users without expecting them to request for it explicitly, therefore, save time and reduce data consumption. The development of online radio wed application was achieved using HTML 5, CSS 3, and Java Script on note pad ++, for the web application and web service front end implementation where the python programming language version 3.8 was used for the back end implementation of the application. performance evaluation of the present work was carried out and the result demonstrated that the present system is capable of providing an efficient, excellent and cost effective multicast online radio channels, with accurate recommendation to the users and tendency to save time and reduce data consumption.
Keywords: Multicast, Online-Radio, Recommendation, Machine Learning, Manhattan-distance, K-Nearest neighbor
MYTRANSCRIPT: AN ACADEMIC TRANSCRIPT DECENTRALISED WEB APPLICATION SYSTEM BASED ON THE ETHEREUM BLOCKCHAIN
1ONWUASOANYA N.C & 2EZE B.E.
1,2Department of Computer Engineering, Federal polytechnic Ilaro.
ABSTRACT
MyTranscript is an academic transcript web application built on blockchain technology. The system leverages the Ethereum blockchain to create a decentralised academic transcript database whose aim is to simplify academic transcript sharing among network participants (the Institution, the Student, and an Employer) while providing the security benefits of a decentralised system. For privacy reasons, the system implements a restriction to only allow an Employer access to records he has been permitted to view. This access is given only by the Student whose record is concerned. However, the Institution have unrestricted access to Students’ academic transcript. The system is built on the latest software technologies: Node.JS, REACT, Truffle etc., that enhances security and provide intuitive user interfaces for better interactions among its participants. The immutability, unique hashing algorithms, timestamps and transparency provided by a blockchain network makes records stored and generated on this system trustworthy and prevents the occurrence of counterfeits documents being distributed by cyber criminals. The testing phase of the development cycle was done immediately after each system logic function was implemented to avoid the debugging difficulty that comes with ambiguous codes, using dedicated JavaScript tests libraries: chai, mocha, and chai-as-promised. The application was built to be responsive, so, page contents were optimised and arranged to display perfectly across the different device screen sizes the system was tested on. The result during system use performed as expected, although, there is a significant drop in speed during activities involving the system interaction with the blockchain. All other activities, such as page navigation, exam record arithmetic, and page preview had no noticeable delay with response occurring instantaneously.
Keywords: Blockchain, Ethereum, Transcript, Decentralised system, Intuitive User Interfaces, Hashing algorithms
INVESTIGATION OF AFRICAN GIANT SNAIL SHELLS ASH AS ADMIXTURE IN CONCRETE
AUDU VINCENT E. M.1, BRIDGET MBATA2 AND ABUBAKAR MAGAJI3
1Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Mubi. 2Department of Building Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi. 3Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Mubi.
ABSTRACT
The research titled “Experimental Investigation of African Giant Snail Shell Ash as Admixture in Concrete”, investigated the possibility of using (AGSSA) as admixture in concrete and the effects on some properties of cement and concrete. The African giant snail shells were obtained from South east of Nigeria, Anambra State. They were sun and oven dried before being incinerated to obtain the AGSSA. The chemical composition analysis for AGSSA was obtained of which (AGSSA) contains a very high amount of CaO, (95.84%) and a very low amount of SiO2, Fe2O3 and Al2O3 of 0.24% and 0.19% and 0.15%, respectively. Trial concrete cubes were prepared to obtain the optimum water to cement + ash (W/C+A) ratio. Based on this, the actual concrete mixes of 1:1.5:3 with AGSSA content added as a percentage in order of 0.0%, 0.50%, 1.00%, and 1.50% by weight of cement was cast, cured and tested for compressive strength. The tests showed a continual increase in the initial and final setting times of 121 minutes to 138 minutes and 186 minutes to 339 minutes respectively, for 0.0% to 1.50% addition. The result of workability (slump) indicated a reduction from 66 mm to 15 mm for 0.0% to 1.50% addition. A maximum compressive strength of concrete of 24.5 N/mm2 and 11.8 N/mm2 at 28 days for addition of 0.0% and 1.50% of AGSSA, respectively, was obtained, indicating a 51.8% reduction in compressive strength of concrete, for AGSSA addition. Based on the study and analysis of the results, it is observed that AGSSA increases the setting times of cement, reduces the workability and compressive strength of concrete. That been so, the application of AGSSA can be classified as a retarding admixture. The research exploits the use of AGSSA as a cheap locally available substitute to the expensive imported admixtures in concrete in building and civil engineering works and utilizing the waste of AGSSA to create wealth.
Keywords: Concrete, African giant snail shell ash, compressive strength, workability, setting times.